#!/usr/bin/env python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from sys import exit#调用exit函数，用于终止python程序 from random import choice#调用choice函数，返回一个列表，元组或字符串的随机项 import pygame#调用pygame库 from pygame.locals import QUIT, KEYDOWN#调用quit(用于退出python),keydown函数(触发按下某键时的功能) TITLE = '贪吃蛇--Transfer by 逗比小青年' WIDTH = 660#宽度 HEIGHT = 500#长度 SNAKE_SIZE = 20#每一块蛇的大小 BOARD_COLOR = (0, 0, 100)#底板颜色 class Vector(): def __init__(self, x, y): self._x = x self._y = y @property def x(self): return self._x @property def y(self): return self._y @x.setter def x(self, value): self._x = value @y.setter def y(self, value): self._y = value def __len__(self):#返回集合长度 return 2 def __getitem__(self, index):#getitem用于输出序列属性中的某个元素 if index == 0: return self.x if index == 1: return self.y raise IndexError#raise 关键字用于引发一个异常，即程序出现错误后，程序内部会显示"IndexError" def copy(self):#复制对象子列 type_self = type(self) return type_self(self.x, self.y) def move(self, other):#运动函数 if isinstance(other, Vector):#isinstance() 函数用来判断一个对象是否是一个已知的类型 self.x += other.x self.y += other.y else: self.x += other self.y += other return self def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Vector): return self.x == other.x and self.y == other.y return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): if isinstance(other, Vector): return self.x != other.x or self.y != other.y return NotImplemented def __repr__(self):#repr() 函数将对象转化为供解释器读取的形式 type_self = type(self) name = type_self.__name__ return '{}({!r}, {!r})'.format(name, self.x, self.y) class Snake:#蛇 def __init__(self): self.map = {(x, y): 0 for x in range(1, int(WIDTH / SNAKE_SIZE) - 2) for y in range(1, int(HEIGHT / SNAKE_SIZE) - 2)} self.body = [ Vector(5 * SNAKE_SIZE, 5 * SNAKE_SIZE), Vector(6 * SNAKE_SIZE, 5 * SNAKE_SIZE) ] self.head = self.body[-1].copy() self.color = (0, 0, 0) self.direction = { 'right': Vector(SNAKE_SIZE, 0), 'left': Vector(-SNAKE_SIZE, 0), 'up': Vector(0, -SNAKE_SIZE), 'down': Vector(0, SNAKE_SIZE) } self.move_direction = 'right' self.speed = 4 self.score = 0 self.food = Vector(0, 0) self.food_color = (255, 0, 0) self.generate_food() self.game_started = False def generate_food(self):#食物生成 empty_pos = [ pos for pos in self.map.keys() if Vector(pos[0] * SNAKE_SIZE, pos[1] * SNAKE_SIZE) not in self.body ] result = choice(empty_pos) self.food.x = result[0] * 20 self.food.y = result[1] * 20 def move(self):#移动中的进食过程与死亡判断 self.head = self.body[-1].copy() self.head.move(self.direction[self.move_direction]) if not self._islive(self.head): return False self.body.append(self.head) if self.head == self.food: self.score += 1 if self.score % 5 == 0: self.speed += 2 self.generate_food() else: self.body.pop(0) return True def _islive(self, head):#死亡定义 return 0 < head.x < WIDTH - SNAKE_SIZE and 0 < head.y < HEIGHT - SNAKE_SIZE and head not in self.body KEY_DIRECTION_DICT = {#操控键位设置 119: 'up', # W 115: 'down', # S 97: 'left', # A 100: 'right', # D 273: 'up', # UP 274: 'down', # DOWN 276: 'left', # LEFT 275: 'right', # RIGHT } def press(events, snake):#按压反馈 for event in events: if event.type == QUIT: exit() if event.type == KEYDOWN: if event.key == 13: snake.game_started = True if snake.game_started and event.key in KEY_DIRECTION_DICT: return direction_check(snake.move_direction, KEY_DIRECTION_DICT[event.key]) def draw_score(screen, score, position):#实时分数显示 tips_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 20) screen.blit( tips_font.render('Score: {}'.format(score), True, (0, 0, 205), (255, 255, 255)), position) def game_continue(screen, snake): init_board(screen) draw_score(screen, snake.score, (500, 0)) for seg in snake.body: pygame.draw.rect(screen, snake.color, [seg[0], seg[1], 20, 20], 0) pygame.draw.rect(screen, snake.food_color, [snake.food[0], snake.food[1], 20, 20], 0) def game_over(screen, fonts, score): screen.blit(fonts['game_over'], (250, 100)) draw_score(screen, score, (290, 200)) screen.blit(fonts['start'], (220, 310)) snake = Snake() return snake def direction_check(move_direction, change_direction):#键位感知 directions = [['up', 'down'], ['left', 'right']] if move_direction in directions[0] and change_direction in directions[1]: return change_direction elif move_direction in directions[1] and change_direction in directions[0]: return change_direction return move_direction def init(fonts):#游戏界面文字布置 fps_clock = pygame.time.Clock() pygame.display.set_caption(TITLE) screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT), 0, 32) screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) screen.blit(fonts['welcome'], (177, 100)) screen.blit(fonts['start'], (195, 310)) return fps_clock, screen def init_board(screen):#边框定制 board_width = int(WIDTH / SNAKE_SIZE) board_height = int(HEIGHT / SNAKE_SIZE) color = BOARD_COLOR width = 0 for i in range(board_width): pos = i * SNAKE_SIZE, 0, SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, pos, width) pos = i * SNAKE_SIZE, (board_height - 1) * SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, pos, width) # 上下边框占用了 Y: 0 26*20 for i in range(board_height - 1): pos = 0, SNAKE_SIZE + i * SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, pos, width) pos = ( board_width - 1 ) * SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE + i * SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE, SNAKE_SIZE pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, pos, width) def font_setting():#游戏初始，游戏结束，游戏胜利界面文字布置 title_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 32) welcome_words = title_font.render('Welcome to revision Snake', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) tips_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 24) start_game_words = tips_font.render('Press Enter to Start Game', True, (0, 0, 0), (255, 255, 255)) gameover_words = title_font.render('GAME OVER', True, (205, 92, 92), (255, 255, 255)) win_words = title_font.render('The snake is long enough and you win!', True, (0, 0, 205), (255, 255, 255)) return { 'welcome': welcome_words, 'start': start_game_words, 'game_over': gameover_words, 'win': win_words } def main(): pygame.init() fonts = font_setting() fps_clock, screen = init(fonts) snake = Snake() direction = snake.move_direction while True: events = pygame.event.get() new_direction = press(events, snake) if snake.game_started: if new_direction: snake.move_direction = new_direction screen.fill((255, 255, 255)) if not snake.move(): snake = game_over(screen, fonts, snake.score) direction = snake.move_direction else: game_continue(screen, snake) pygame.display.update() fps_clock.tick(snake.speed) if __name__ == '__main__': main()