page Object使用

使用 page object 模式的好处：

创建可跨多个测试用例共享的可重用代码
减少重复代码的数量
如果用户界面发生变化，修复只需要在一个地方进行更改

官网示例代码

PythonOrgSearch调用MainPage（main_page = page.MainPage(self.driver)）将driver传到class  BasePage(object)并初始化。
接着判断python.org是否被正常加载（assert main_page.is_title_matches(), "python.org title doesn't match."）
接着调用（main_page.search_text_element = "pycon"）传入搜索关键字‘pycon’。并调用（class SearchTextElement(BasePageElement)：）传入搜索的id,进行搜索
点击搜搜按钮，断言搜索结果是否为：No results found.

PythonOrgSearch.py

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver
import page

class PythonOrgSearch(unittest.TestCase):
    """A sample test class to show how page object works"""

    def setUp(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver.get("http://www.python.org")

    def test_search_in_python_org(self):
        """
        测试python.org的搜索功能，搜索关键字“pycon”，然后验证结果是否显示。
       请注意，它不会在搜索结果页中查找任何特定文本。此测试验证结果不是空的。
        """

        #加载主页面
        main_page = page.MainPage(self.driver)
        #检查"Python"是否在title中
        assert main_page.is_title_matches(), "python.org title doesn't match."
        #设置搜索的文本"pycon"
        main_page.search_text_element = "pycon"
        main_page.click_go_button()
        search_results_page = page.SearchResultsPage(self.driver)
        #验证结果不为空
        assert search_results_page.is_results_found(), "No results found."

    def tearDown(self):
        self.driver.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

page.py

from element import BasePageElement
from locators import MainPageLocators

class SearchTextElement(BasePageElement):
    """这个类是为了获得来自特定定位器的文本"""
    #这个是搜索框的定位器
    locator = 'q'


class BasePage(object):
    """Base class to initialize the base page that will be called from all pages"""

    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver


class MainPage(BasePage):
    """Home page action methods come here. I.e. Python.org"""

    #声明一个变量，将包含检测到的文本
    search_text_element = SearchTextElement()

    def is_title_matches(self):
        """验证Python是否在页面标题中显示"""
        return "Python" in self.driver.title

    def click_go_button(self):
        """点击搜索按钮"""
        element = self.driver.find_element(*MainPageLocators.GO_BUTTON)
        element.click()


class SearchResultsPage(BasePage):
    """搜索结果页面"""

    def is_results_found(self):
        # 也许会在特定的页面展示元素不存在‘No results found.’
        return "No results found." not in self.driver.page_source

element.py

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait


class BasePageElement(object):
    """Base page class 是为了初始化每个页面的对象class."""

    def __set__(self, obj, value):
        """将文本设置为提供的值  'pycon'  并且，self.locator='q' 由调用者传递"""
        driver = obj.driver
        WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(
            lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_name(self.locator))
        driver.find_element_by_name(self.locator).clear()
        driver.find_element_by_name(self.locator).send_keys(value)

    def __get__(self, obj, owner):
        """获取指定对象的值"""
        # self.locator=‘q’
        driver = obj.driver
        WebDriverWait(driver, 100).until(
            lambda driver: driver.find_element_by_name(self.locator))
        element = driver.find_element_by_name(self.locator)
        return element.get_attribute("value")

locator.py

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

class MainPageLocators(object):
    """A class for main page locators. All main page locators should come here"""
    GO_BUTTON = (By.ID, 'submit')

class SearchResultsPageLocators(object):
    """A class for search results locators. All search results locators should come here"""
    pass