一、Lnmp架构原理
二、 Lnmp架构软件安装
1、Nginx安装脚本
#!/bin/bash useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www mkdir -p /server/tools/ cd /server/tools/ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz tar xf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel -y cd /server/tools/nginx-1.10.3 ./configure --prefix=/application/nginx-1.10.3 --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module make && make install ln -s /application/nginx-1.10.3/ /application/nginx ln -s /application/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/ nginx lsof -i:80
2、MySQL安装脚本
#!/bin/bash useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql cd /server/tools tar xf mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mkdir -p /application/ mv /server/tools/mysql-5.6.34-*-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.34 ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.34/ /application/mysql chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/ /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf /etc/init.d/mysqld start lsof -i:3306 echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile source /etc/profile chkconfig --add mysqld chkconfig mysqld on /application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456'
二进制安装MySQL详细步骤：
①下载解压二进制软件包
mysql-5.6.34-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
②创建MySQL管理用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
③将mysql解压后的程序包搬家到程序目录下，并进行重命名
mkdir -p /application/ mv /server/tools/mysql-5.6.34-*-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.6.34
④为mysql服务程序创建软链接
ln -s /application/mysql-5.6.34/ /application/mysql
⑤授权MySQL用户管理/application/mysql
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
⑥初始化数据库
/application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data --user=mysql
⑦复制启动脚本并授权
cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
⑧修改启动脚本 和 mysql命令中的路径
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /etc/init.d/mysqld
⑨复制默认配置文件
cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf /etc/init.d/mysqld start
⑩登录数据库命令简化方法
echo 'export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile source /etc/profile which mysql
MySQL基础命令使用：
|
命令 |
说明 |
|
show databases; |
查询显示所有的数据库信息 |
|
create database oldboy; |
创建新的数据库 |
|
drop database oldboy; |
删除存在的数据库 |
|
use mysql; |
表示选择使用一个数据库，相当于cd进入一个数据库 |
|
show tables; |
查看数据库中表信息 |
|
select database(); |
表示查看当前所在数据库，类似于pwd命令的功能 |
|
select user(); |
查看当前登录数据库的用户，类似于whoami命令 |
|
select * from userG; |
查看user表中所有信息，并且纵行显示 |
|
select user,host from user; |
查看user表中指定信息，并且横行显示 |
|
select user,host from mysql.user; |
查看可以登录mysql数据库的目录，以及都可以从哪里进行管理mysql数据库 |
|
drop user 'user'@'host'; |
删除用户 |
|
flush privileges; |
刷新权限 |
|
grant all on .* to user@'host' identified by 'oldboy123'; |
创建用户 |
|
grant all on .* to Old_Boy@'localhost' identified by 'oldboy123'; |
创建用户（用户名包含大写字母） |
|
mysqladmin -u root password '123456'; |
为用户设置密码 |
|
mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password 654321 |
修改密码，在知道旧密码的前提下 |
|
delete from mysql.user where user="root" and host="Mysql"; |
遇主机名大写，特殊字符使用drop无法删除 |
3、PHP安装脚本
#!/bin/bash yum install -y zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt cd /server/tools/ tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv make && make install cd .. cd /server/tools/ tar xf php-5.5.32.tar.gz cd php-5.5.32 ./configure --prefix=/application/php-5.5.32 --with-mysql=/application/mysql/ --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-soap --enable-short-tags --enable-static --with-xsl --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-ftp --enable-opcache=no ln -s /application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/ touch ext/phar/phar.phar make && make install ln -s /application/php-5.5.32/ /application/php cp /server/tools/php-5.5.32/php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini cd /application/php/etc/ cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf /application/php/sbin/php-fpm lsof -i:9000 echo "/application/php/sbin/php-fpm" >>/etc/rc.local
编译PHP详细步骤：
①安装PHP依赖
yum install -y zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libjpeg-turbo-devel libiconv-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel gd-devel libcurl-devel libxslt-devel
② libiconv软件安装---字符集转换库
cd /server/tools/ tar zxf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.14 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv make && make install
无需安装libiconv依赖包编译参数
./configure --prefix=/application/php-5.5.32 --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --with-gettext --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --enable-short-tags --enable-static --with-xsl --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-opcache=no --enable-ftp
③epel源依赖包
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo yum -y install libmcrypt-devel mhash mcrypt
④下载解压PHP软件：MySQL和web服务器分离编译参数
cd /server/tools/ tar xf php-5.5.32.tar.gz cd php-5.5.32 ./configure --prefix=/application/php-5.5.32 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-soap --enable-short-tags --enable-static --with-xsl --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --enable-ftp --enable-opcache=no
⑤防止PHP安装报错
ln -s /application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/ touch ext/phar/phar.phar
⑥配置安装
make && make install
⑦创建PHP软链接
ln -s /application/php-5.5.32/ /application/php
⑧ 配置PHP主配置文件
cp /server/tools/php-5.5.32/php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini cp /application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /application/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
⑨lnmp架构部署时，如果mysql和web服务器不在一台主机上，PHP编译参数需要调整
--with-mysql=/application/mysql/ 更改为 --with-mysql=mysqlnd
⑩启动PHP服务
/application/php/sbin/php-fpm echo "/application/php/sbin/php-fpm" >>/etc/rc.local
三、测试Lnmp架构互通
1、测试Nginx到PHP
server { listen 80; server_name www.etiantian.org; location / { root html/www; index index.php index.html index.htm; } location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ { root html/bbs; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; } access_log logs/bbs_access.log main; } 测试PHP首页文件 echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" >/application/nginx/html/blog/test_info.php location ~* .*.(php|php5)?$ { root html/blog; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fastcgi.conf; }
2、测试PHP到MySQL
vim test_mysql.php <?php //$link_id=mysql_connect('主机名','用户','密码'); //mysql -u用户 -p密码 -h 主机 $link_id=mysql_connect('localhost','wordpress','oldboy123') or mysql_error(); if($link_id){ echo "mysql successful by oldboy ! "; }else{ echo mysql_error(); } ?> 注：curl blog.etiantian.org/test_mysql.php 测试php与MySQL的连通性