回炉Spring--事务及Spring源码

声明式事务

配置文件信息:

/**
 * @EnableTransactionManagement 开启基于注解的事务管理功能
 * 1、配置数据源
 * 2、配置事务管理器来管理事务
 * 3、给方法上标注 @Transactional 表示当前方法是一个事务方法,@Transaction默认回滚Error和RuntimeException,但是不包括和RuntimeException
* 一样同属于Exception子类的如IOException、SQLException和自定义异常等,对于这些异常如果也要回滚要在rollbackFor中指定
*/ @EnableTransactionManagement @Configuration public class TxConfig { @Bean public DataSource dataSource() throws PropertyVetoException { ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); dataSource.setUser("yang"); dataSource.setPassword("yang"); dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"); return dataSource; } /** * 如果bean之间有依赖,直接放进参数中即可,参数值会从Spring容器中取,然后赋值 * 参数从Spring容器中取 * * @param dataSource * @return */ @Bean public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) { JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); // 也可以直接调用,Spring对@Configuration类会特殊处理;给容器中加组件的方法,多次调用都只是从容器中找组件 // JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource()); return jdbcTemplate; } /** * 注册事务管理器在容器中 * * @return * @throws Exception */ @Bean public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() throws Exception { return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource()); } }

@EnableTransactionManagement 做了什么?

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableTransactionManagement {

    boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;

    AdviceMode mode() default AdviceMode.PROXY;

    int order() default Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE;
}

1、导入了TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector,TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector往容器中导入了两个组件

  AutoProxyRegistrar 、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration

/**
     * Returns {@link ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration} or
     * {@code AspectJ(Jta)TransactionManagementConfiguration} for {@code PROXY}
     * and {@code ASPECTJ} values of {@link EnableTransactionManagement#mode()},
     * respectively.
     */
    @Override
    protected String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
        switch (adviceMode) {
            case PROXY:
                return new String[] {AutoProxyRegistrar.class.getName(),
                        ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration.class.getName()};
            case ASPECTJ:
                return new String[] {determineTransactionAspectClass()};
            default:
                return null;
        }
    }

    private String determineTransactionAspectClass() {
        return (ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.transaction.Transactional", getClass().getClassLoader()) ?
                TransactionManagementConfigUtils.JTA_TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME :
                TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME);
    }

//     public static final String JTA_TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME =
            "org.springframework.transaction.aspectj.AspectJJtaTransactionManagementConfiguration";

//     public static final String TRANSACTION_ASPECT_CONFIGURATION_CLASS_NAME =
            "org.springframework.transaction.aspectj.AspectJTransactionManagementConfiguration";

(1)、AutoProxyRegistrar

  给容器中注册了一个beanNameorg.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,类型为InfrastructureAdvisorAutoProxyCreator

的组件(bean),其是一个后置处理器,和AOP中的AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator类似,它们beanName相同。

都是在对象创建完成之后利用后置处理器的初始化后置方法,包装对象,然后返回一个包含增强器的代理对象,代理对象执行方法利用拦截器链进行调用。

 (2)、ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration是一个配置文件类

/**
 * {@code @Configuration} class that registers the Spring infrastructure beans
 * necessary to enable proxy-based annotation-driven transaction management.
 *
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @since 3.1
 * @see EnableTransactionManagement
 * @see TransactionManagementConfigurationSelector
 */
@Configuration
public class ProxyTransactionManagementConfiguration extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration {

    @Bean(name = TransactionManagementConfigUtils.TRANSACTION_ADVISOR_BEAN_NAME)
    @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
    public BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor transactionAdvisor() { // 事务增强器
        BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new BeanFactoryTransactionAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        advisor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
        advisor.setAdvice(transactionInterceptor());
        if (this.enableTx != null) {
            advisor.setOrder(this.enableTx.<Integer>getNumber("order"));
        }
        return advisor;
    }

    @Bean
    @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
    public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
        return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource();
    }

    @Bean
    @Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE)
    public TransactionInterceptor transactionInterceptor() { // 事务拦截器
        TransactionInterceptor interceptor = new TransactionInterceptor();
        interceptor.setTransactionAttributeSource(transactionAttributeSource());
        if (this.txManager != null) {
            interceptor.setTransactionManager(this.txManager);
        }
        return interceptor;
    }

}

  1、往容器中注册事务增强器transactionAdvisor,其中事务增强器中又依赖了:

    1):事务增强器要用事务注解的参数信息,TransactionAttributeSource,AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource来解析事务注解

    2):事务拦截器:TransactionInterceptor,保存了事务属性信息,事务管理器。其实现了MethodInterceptor接口。在目标方法执行

    的时候:执行拦截器链,然后执行事务拦截器:

      (1):先获取事务相关的属性

      (2):再获取PlatformTransactionManager事务管理器,如果在@Transactional注解中没有指定transactionManager,则最终会

      从容器中按照类型获取一个PlatformTransactionManager

      (3):执行目标方法

      如果异常,获取到事务管理器,利用事务管理回滚操作

      【transactionInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus())】

      如果正常,利用事务管理器,提交事务【transactionInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());】

    TransactionInterceptor#invoke

    @Override
    @Nullable
    public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
        // Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.
        // The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
        // as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
        Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);

        // Adapt to TransactionAspectSupport's invokeWithinTransaction...
        return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, invocation::proceed);
    }

    @Transactional注解处理器的核心代码,TransactionAspectSupport#invokeWithinTransaction:278,从TransactionInterceptor#invoke进入

  /**
     * General delegate for around-advice-based subclasses, delegating to several other template
     * methods on this class. Able to handle {@link CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager}
     * as well as regular {@link PlatformTransactionManager} implementations.
     * @param method the Method being invoked
     * @param targetClass the target class that we're invoking the method on
     * @param invocation the callback to use for proceeding with the target invocation
     * @return the return value of the method, if any
     * @throws Throwable propagated from the target invocation
     */
    @Nullable
    protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, @Nullable Class<?> targetClass,
            final InvocationCallback invocation) throws Throwable {

        // If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
        TransactionAttributeSource tas = getTransactionAttributeSource();
        final TransactionAttribute txAttr = (tas != null ? tas.getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass) : null);
        final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr); // 确定要用于给定交易的特定交易管理器
        final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass, txAttr);

        if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
            // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
            TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification); // 开启事务
            Object retVal = null;
            try {
                // This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
                // This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
                retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation(); // 执行业务方法
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                // target invocation exception
                completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex); // 回滚事务
                throw ex; // 仍往上抛出异常,供上层捕获
            }
            finally {
                cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo); // Reset the TransactionInfo ThreadLocal.
            }
            commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo); // 提交事务
            return retVal;
        }

        else {
            ...
        }
    }

  回滚事务:

  /**
     * Handle a throwable, completing the transaction.
     * We may commit or roll back, depending on the configuration.
     * @param txInfo information about the current transaction
     * @param ex throwable encountered
     */
    protected void completeTransactionAfterThrowing(@Nullable TransactionInfo txInfo, Throwable ex) {
        if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() +
                        "] after exception: " + ex);
            }
            if (txInfo.transactionAttribute != null && txInfo.transactionAttribute.rollbackOn(ex)) {
                try {
                    txInfo.getTransactionManager().rollback(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
                }
                catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
                    logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
                    ex2.initApplicationException(ex);
                    throw ex2;
                }
                catch (RuntimeException | Error ex2) {
                    logger.error("Application exception overridden by rollback exception", ex);
                    throw ex2;
                }
            }
            else {
                // We don't roll back on this exception.
                // Will still roll back if TransactionStatus.isRollbackOnly() is true.
                // 默认回滚(ex instanceof RuntimeException || ex instanceof Error) 异常,其他异常不会回滚,仍提交事务
                try {
                    txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());
                }
                catch (TransactionSystemException ex2) {
                    logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
                    ex2.initApplicationException(ex);
                    throw ex2;
                }
                catch (RuntimeException | Error ex2) {
                    logger.error("Application exception overridden by commit exception", ex);
                    throw ex2;
                }
            }
        }
    }

   最终回滚代码为:DataSourceTransactionManager#doRollback

DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction();
Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
con.rollback();

  提交事务:

    /**
     * Execute after successful completion of call, but not after an exception was handled.
     * Do nothing if we didn't create a transaction.
     * @param txInfo information about the current transaction
     */
    protected void commitTransactionAfterReturning(@Nullable TransactionInfo txInfo) {
        if (txInfo != null && txInfo.getTransactionStatus() != null) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Completing transaction for [" + txInfo.getJoinpointIdentification() + "]");
            }
            txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus()); // 提交事务
        }
    }

   最终提交代码为:

DataSourceTransactionObject txObject = (DataSourceTransactionObject) status.getTransaction();
Connection con = txObject.getConnectionHolder().getConnection();
con.commit();

  

 拓展原理

  BeanPostProcessor:bean的后置处理器,在bean创建对象之后的初始化前后做一些拦截工作

一、BeanFactoryPostProcessor:beanFactory的后置处理器,在BeanFactory初始化之后调用【postProcessBeanFactory()】,来定制和修改BeanFactory的内容,这时候所有的bean定义都已经保存到了beanFactory中,但是bean的实例还未创建

BeanFactoryPostProcessor执行时机和原理:

    1、创建Spring容器

    2、refresh()-->invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

      1):直接在BeanFactory中找到所有类型是BeanFactoryProcessor的组件,并执行它们的方法

      2):在初始化创建其他组件前面执行

二、BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor【BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor extends BeanFactoryPostProcessor】

  postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry);在所有的bean定义信息将要被加载,bean实例还未创建。

  因此在BeanFactoryPostProcessor的postProcessBeanFactory()之前执行,可以利用其往容器中再额外添加一些组件,如:

  RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition = new RootBeanDefinition(Computer.class);

  registry.registerBeanDefinition("computer", beanDefinition);

 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor执行时机和原理:

    1、创建Spring容器

    2、refresh()-->invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

    3、从容器中获取到所有的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor组件

      1):依次触发所有的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry()方法

      2):再来触发postProcessBeanFactory()方法BeanFactoryPostProcessor;

    4、再来从容器中找到BeanFactoryPostProcessor组件;然后依次触发postProcessBeanFactory()方法

三、ApplicationListener

  监听容器中发布的事件。事件驱动模型开发。监听ApplicationEvent及其子类事件

public interface ApplicationListener<E extends ApplicationEvent> extends EventListener {
    /**
     * Handle an application event.
     * @param event the event to respond to
     */
    void onApplicationEvent(E event);

}

监听事件步骤:

  1、自定义监听器实现ApplicationListener来监听某个事件(ApplicationEvent及其子类)

  2、把监听器注册到Spring容器中@Component

  3、只要容器中有相关事件的发布,我们就能监听到这个事件

    ContextRefreshedEvent:容器刷新完成(所有bean都完全创建)会发布这个事件

    ContextClosedEvent:关闭容器会发布这个事件

  4、如何发布一个事件: applicationContext.publishEvent(); 如:【applicationContext.publishEvent(new ContextStartedEvent(applicationContext));】

监听原理:

  以ContextRefreshedEvent事件为例:

  1、创建Spring容器

  2、refresh()-->finishRefresh();  refresh的最后一步完成容器刷新进行事件发布

  3、publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

    事件发布流程:

      1):获取事件的多播器(派发器)

      2):multicastEvent 派发事件

      【getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(applicationEvent, eventType);】

      3):获取到所有的上下文监听器的集合 getApplicationListeners(event, type),然后遍历

        (1)、如果线程池Executor不为null,则使用Executor进行异步派发

        (2)、否则,以同步的方式直接执行listener方法:【invokeListener(listener, event);】,拿到listener然后调用其的

        【listener.onApplicationEvent(event); 】

   

那流程中的事件多播器如何获取呢?

  1、创建Spring容器

  2、refresh()-->initApplicationEventMulticaster(); 在registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);之后为容器初始化事件多播器

    1)、先去容器中找有没有id=“applicationEventMulticaster”的组件;
    2)、如果没有this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
      并且加入到容器中,我们就可以在其他组件要派发事件,自动注入这个applicationEventMulticaster;

this.applicationEventMulticaster = new SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster(beanFactory);
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(APPLICATION_EVENT_MULTICASTER_BEAN_NAME, this.applicationEventMulticaster);

容器中有哪些监听器呢?

  1、创建Spring容器

  2、refresh()-->registerListeners();  从容器中检查到所有的监听器bean并将它们注册到applicationEventMulticaster中

for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
            getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
        }

        // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
        // uninitialized to let post-processors apply to them!
        String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
        for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
            getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
        }

监听事件除了自定义监听器实现ApplicationListener,也可以使用@EventListener标注在方法上指定监听的事件,当事件发生时就会触发方法执行

    @EventListener(classes = ApplicationEvent.class)
    public void listen(ApplicationEvent event) {
        // doSomeThing
    }

  @EventListener的原理是通过EventListenerMethodProcessor 处理器解析方法上的@EventListener注解来实现的。

  【public class EventListenerMethodProcessor implements SmartInitializingSingleton, ApplicationContextAware】

  SmartInitializingSingleton:

public interface SmartInitializingSingleton {

    /**
     * Invoked right at the end of the singleton pre-instantiation phase,
     * with a guarantee that all regular singleton beans have been created
     * already. {@link ListableBeanFactory#getBeansOfType} calls within
     * this method won't trigger accidental side effects during bootstrap.
     * <p><b>NOTE:</b> This callback won't be triggered for singleton beans
     * lazily initialized on demand after {@link BeanFactory} bootstrap,
     * and not for any other bean scope either. Carefully use it for beans
     * with the intended bootstrap semantics only.
     */
    void afterSingletonsInstantiated();

}

 SmartInitializingSingleton原理:

  再次说【finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);】,完成BeanFactory初始化工作,创建剩下的除了BeanPostProcessor之外的单实例bean;

  refresh()--> finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);--> beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();--> smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();

DefaultListableBeanFactory:
@Override
    public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
        if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            this.logger.debug("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
        }

        // Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
        // While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
        List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<String>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

        // Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...创建所有的单实例bean
        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
            RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
            if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
                if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
                    final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
                    boolean isEagerInit;
                    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
                        isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
                            @Override
                            public Boolean run() {
                                return ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit();
                            }
                        }, getAccessControlContext());
                    }
                    else {
                        isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
                                ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
                    }
                    if (isEagerInit) {
                        getBean(beanName);
                    }
                }
                else {
                    getBean(beanName);
                }
            }
        }

        // Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...创建完之后,判断其是否是SmartInitializingSingleton类型,是的话,调用afterSingletonsInstantiated();
        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
            Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
            if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
                final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
                if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                    AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
                        @Override
                        public Object run() {
                            smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
                            return null;
                        }
                    }, getAccessControlContext());
                }
                else {
                    smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
                }
            }
        }
    }

  1)、先创建所有的单实例bean;getBean();

  2)、获取所有创建好的单实例bean,判断是否是SmartInitializingSingleton类型的;如果是就调用afterSingletonsInstantiated();

  3)、EventListenerMethodProcessor 在重写SmartInitializingSingleton接口的afterSingletonsInstantiated()方法上对bean方法上的@EventListener注解进行处理,实现其监听功能

protected void processBean(final List<EventListenerFactory> factories, final String beanName, final Class<?> targetType) {
        if (!this.nonAnnotatedClasses.contains(targetType)) {
            Map<Method, EventListener> annotatedMethods = null;
            try {
                annotatedMethods = MethodIntrospector.selectMethods(targetType,
                        new MethodIntrospector.MetadataLookup<EventListener>() {
                            @Override
                            public EventListener inspect(Method method) {
                                return AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotation(method, EventListener.class);
                            }
                        });
            }
            catch (Throwable ex) {
                // An unresolvable type in a method signature, probably from a lazy bean - let's ignore it.
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Could not resolve methods for bean with name '" + beanName + "'", ex);
                }
            }
            if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(annotatedMethods)) {
                this.nonAnnotatedClasses.add(targetType);
                if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                    logger.trace("No @EventListener annotations found on bean class: " + targetType.getName());
                }
            }
            else {
                // Non-empty set of methods
                for (Method method : annotatedMethods.keySet()) {
                    for (EventListenerFactory factory : factories) {
                        if (factory.supportsMethod(method)) {
                            Method methodToUse = AopUtils.selectInvocableMethod(
                                    method, this.applicationContext.getType(beanName));
                            ApplicationListener<?> applicationListener =
                                    factory.createApplicationListener(beanName, targetType, methodToUse);
                            if (applicationListener instanceof ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter) {
                                ((ApplicationListenerMethodAdapter) applicationListener)
                                        .init(this.applicationContext, this.evaluator);
                            }
                            this.applicationContext.addApplicationListener(applicationListener);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug(annotatedMethods.size() + " @EventListener methods processed on bean '" +
                            beanName + "': " + annotatedMethods);
                }
            }
        }
    }

梳理Spring容器创建及初始化过程

AbstractApplicationContext:

Spring的refresh()  容器的创建和刷新

@Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            prepareRefresh();

            // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Initialize message source for this context.
                initMessageSource();

                // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();

                // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
                onRefresh();

                // Check for listener beans and register them.
                registerListeners();

                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                finishRefresh();
            }

            catch (BeansException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
                }

                // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
                destroyBeans();

                // Reset 'active' flag.
                cancelRefresh(ex);

                // Propagate exception to caller.
                throw ex;
            }

            finally {
                // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
                // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
                resetCommonCaches();
            }
        }
    }

1、prepareRefresh()  刷新前的预处理

  1)-->initPropertySources();  初始化一些属性配置资源文件到容器中的environment对象中,子类需自定义属性初始化方法

  2)-->getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();  获取属性内容并校验合法性等

  3)-->this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<ApplicationEvent>();  初始化用来保存容器中的一些早期事件

2、ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();  获取beanFactory

  1):refreshBeanFactory();  刷新【创建】BeanFactory;创建了一个this.beanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();设置并设置serializationId;

  2):ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();  返回上一步创建的beanFactory

  3):默认的beanFactory是DefaultListableBeanFactory

3、prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);  beanFactory的预准备工作,对其属性赋值

  1):设置beanFactory的类加载器,支持表达式解析器等

  2):添加部分后置处理器,如【beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));】ApplicationListenerDetector等

  3):设置忽略的自动装配的接口EnvironmentAware、EmbeddedValueResolverAware、ApplicationContextAware等;

  4):注册可以解析的依赖;我们能直接在任何组件中自动注入:BeanFactory、ResourceLoader、ApplicationEventPublisher、ApplicationContext

  5):添加编译时的AspectJ支持

  6):给BeanFactory中注册一些能用的组件;

      environment【ConfigurableEnvironment】、
      systemProperties【Map<String, Object>】、
      systemEnvironment【Map<String, Object>】

4、postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);  BeanFactory准备工作完成后进行的后置处理工作,此时bean的定义信息还未加载

  此方法默认没有方法体,子类通过重写这个方法来在BeanFactory创建并预准备完成以后做进一步的设置

以上是beanFactory的创建及预准备工作。

5、invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);  实例化并调用所有注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor执行其方法,

  beanFactory的后置处理器,其postProcessBeanFactory()方法在beanFactory标准初始化之后执行的,这时候所有bean定义都将被加载,但是还没有bean被实例化,这时允许重写或者添加bean的属性。

  不过BeanFactoryPostProcessor有个子接口BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor,其方法postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry在所有常规bean定义都将被加载,但是还没有bean被实例化,这时允许在下一个后处理阶段开始之前添加bean的定义信息

  1)、先执行BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
    (1)、从beanFactory中获取所有的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor;
    (2)、先执行实现了PriorityOrdered优先级接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor【postProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry)】
    (3)、再次执行实现了Ordered顺序接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor【postProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry)】
    (4)、最后执行没有实现任何优先级或者是顺序接口的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors【postProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry)】
        
  2)、再执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor的方法
    (1)、从beanFactory中获取所有的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
    (2)、先执行实现了PriorityOrdered优先级接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor【postProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()】
    (3)、再执行实现了Ordered顺序接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor【postProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()】
    (4)、最后执行没有实现任何优先级或者是顺序接口的BeanFactoryPostProcessor【postProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory()】
      

6、registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);  注册并实例化所有的BeanPostProcessor,bean的后置处理器,用来拦截bean的创建过程

  不同接口类型的BeanPostProcessor;在Bean创建前后的执行时机是不一样的
  BeanPostProcessor、
  DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor、
  InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor、
  SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor、
  MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor:

    if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
      internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
    }

  1)、获取所有的 BeanPostProcessor;后置处理器都默认可以通过PriorityOrdered、Ordered接口来执行优先级
  2)、先注册实现了PriorityOrdered优先级接口的BeanPostProcessor;把每一个BeanPostProcessor;添加到BeanFactory中【beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(postProcessor);】
  3)、再注册实现了Ordered接口的
  4)、最后注册没有实现任何优先级接口的
  5)、最终注册MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor;
  6)、注册一个ApplicationListenerDetector;来在Bean创建完成后检查是否是ApplicationListener,如果是applicationContext.addApplicationListener((ApplicationListener<?>) bean);

7、initMessageSource();  初始化MessageSource组件(做国际化功能;消息绑定,消息解析);

  1):获取BeanFactory

  2):看容器中是否有id为messageSource的,类型是MessageSource的组件,如果有赋值给messageSource,如果没有自己创建一个DelegatingMessageSource;

    MessageSource:取出国际化配置文件中的某个key的值;能按照区域信息获取;

  3):把创建好的MessageSource注册在容器中,以后获取国际化配置文件的值的时候,可以自动注入MessageSource;

    beanFactory.registerSingleton(MESSAGE_SOURCE_BEAN_NAME, this.messageSource);
    MessageSource.getMessage(String code, Object[] args, String defaultMessage, Locale locale);

8、initApplicationEventMulticaster();  初始化事件派发器 

  1)、获取BeanFactory
  2)、从BeanFactory中获取applicationEventMulticaster的ApplicationEventMulticaster;
  3)、如果上一步没有配置;创建一个SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster
  4)、将创建的ApplicationEventMulticaster添加到BeanFactory中,以后其他组件直接自动注入

9、onRefresh();  留给子容器(子类)

  子类重写这个方法,在容器刷新的时候可以自定义逻辑;

10、registerListeners();  给容器中将项目里面所有的ApplicationListener注册进来

  1)、从容器中拿到所有的ApplicationListener

  2)、将每个监听器添加到事件派发器中;【getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);】

  3)、派发之前步骤产生的事件;

11、finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);  初始化所有剩下的单实例bean,因为BeanPostFactory类型的bean已经已经创建完成了

  beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();

  1):获取容器中所有的beanNames(ArrayList<String>),遍历并依次进行初始化和创建对象

  2):根据beanName从【ConcurrentHashMap<String, RootBeanDefinition>】获取每一个bean的定义信息RootBeanDefinition

  3):判断如果当前bean不是抽象的,是单例的和是懒加载的则:

    (1):判断bean是否实现了FactoryBean接口,如果是则用工厂方法创建对象

    (2):如果不是,getBean(beanName);  来创建对象,和【applicationContext.getBean("beanName");】执行代码相同

      1、doGetBean(name, null, null, false)

      2、getSingleton(String beanName)  获取到了直接返回bean实例

        1):先从缓存【private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Object>(256);】中获取保存的单实例

           Bean。如果能获取到说明这个Bean之前被创建过(所有创建过的单实例Bean都会被缓存起来);

        2):如果singletonObjects 中没有,再从当前创建bean池中去获取

          【private final Set<String> singletonsCurrentlyInCreation=Collections.newSetFromMap(newConcurrentHashMap<String, Boolean>(16));】

        3):如果beanName在当前创建bean池中,则尝试从earlySingletonObjects缓存中获取

          【private final Map<String, Object> earlySingletonObjects = new HashMap<String, Object>(16);】

        4):如果earlySingletonObjects中也没有,则再次尝试从singletonFactories中获取提前曝光的ObjectFactory,如果根据beanName找到了ObjectFactory,

             则从ObjectFactory中获取bean实例,然后将其放在earlySingletonObjects 缓存中,再将其ObjectFactory从singletonFactories中移除

        因为在创建单实例bean的时候会存在依赖注入的情况,为了避免循环依赖,Spring在创建bean的过程中,若发现有依赖bean,则尝试去创建依赖的bean,因

        此Spring将每一个正在创建的bean的beanName放在一个“当前创建bean池”中,bean在创建过程中,BeanName将一直存在这个池中。另外,为了避免循环依

        赖,在Spring中创建bean的原则是不等bean创建完就会将创建bean的ObjectFactory提早曝光加入到缓存中,一旦下一个bean创建时候需要依赖上一个bean则

        直接使用ObjectFactory去获取依赖bean的实例。

      3、如果获取不到,开始创建流程,先标记bean已经创建,避免多线程创建多个bean【markBeanAsCreated(beanName);】

      4、获取当前bean的定义信息,并校验合法性【

        RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
        checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);】

      5、获取当前bean的所有依赖bean【String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();】如果不为空,则依此创建其依赖bean【getBean(depBeanName);】回到步骤(2)

      6、启动单实例bean的创建流程,使用用ObjectFactory

        sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
                        @Override
                        public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
                            try {
                                return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                            }
                            catch (BeansException ex) {
                                // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                                // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                                // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                                destroySingleton(beanName);
                                throw ex;
                            }
                        }
                    });

        1):createBean(beanName, mbd, args);

        2):Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);  尝试让InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor先拦截返回代理对象

          拿到所有的BeanPostProcessor【getBeanPostProcessors()】并遍历,如果有InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor类型的BeanPostProcessor,则让

          InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的后置处理器提前执行,先触发其【postProcessBeforeInstantiation(beanClass, beanName);】如果其返回的对象不为

          空,则执行所有BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization返回其代理对象,然后结束bean对象的创建。如果返回的对象为空,继续步骤3)

          (亲测,即使切面的目标类在此时返回的也是空,会继续后面的doCreateBean),因此切面的代理类是在bean实例化之后的InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的

          postProcessAfterInitialization方法中创建代理对象的。

        3):Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);

          (1):BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);  利用工厂方法或者对象的构造器创建出Bean实例

          (2):applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);  执行MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor后置处理器的

               postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanType, beanName)方法

          (3):populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);  给bean的属性赋值

            赋值之前有1、2、3三步:

            1、遍历所有的后置处理器,只执行InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor类型的后置处理器的postProcessAfterInstantiation方法,如果其返回false,则停止

              赋值操作return;

            2、依此byName和byType自动装配为bean的依赖注入值

            3、遍历所有的后置处理器,只执行InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor类型的后置处理器的postProcessPropertyValues,如果返回pvs==null,则停止下

              面的赋值操作并return;

            3、applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);  应用Bean属性的值;为属性利用setter方法等进行赋值;

          (4):initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);  Bean初始化

            1、invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);  如果bean实现了xxxAware接口,则调用其的setXxx方法为bean的xxx属性赋值

            2、wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);执行所有的BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的

              postProcessBeforeInitialization方法

            3、invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);  执行初始化方法

              1):如果bean实现了InitializingBean接口,则执行其afterPropertiesSet()方法

              2):String initMethodName = mbd.getInitMethodName();获取自定义初始化方法,如果有自定义初始化方法,则执行其自定义初始化方法

                  invokeCustomInitMethod(beanName, bean, mbd);

            4、wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);执行所有的BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的

              postProcessAfterInitialization方法(创建bean的代理在此执行的)

          (5):registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);  注册bean的销毁方法

          (6):返回bean实例

        4)、afterSingletonCreation(String beanName)  将beanName从singletonsCurrentlyInCreation移除

        5)、addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);  

            this.singletonObjects.put(beanName, (singletonObject != null ? singletonObject : NULL_OBJECT));
            this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
            this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
            this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);

        所以Spring容器就是这些各种Map,保存了单实例bean,环境信息等。

  4):遍历beanNames,根据beanName拿到每一个bean实例,判断其是否实现了SmartInitializingSingleton接口,如果实现了则调用其afterSingletonsInstantiated()方法

  完成BeanFactory的初始化创建工作;IOC容器就创建完成;

12、finishRefresh();

  1)、initLifecycleProcessor();  初始化和生命周期有关的后置处理器:LifecycleProcessor
    默认从容器中找是否有lifecycleProcessor的组件【LifecycleProcessor】;如果没有new DefaultLifecycleProcessor();加入到容器;

    如果我们写一个LifecycleProcessor的实现类,那么下面的方法在BeanFactory进行到相应的生命周期处就会进行调用
      void onRefresh();
      void onClose();

  2)、getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();  拿到前面定义的生命周期处理器(BeanFactory);回调onRefresh();

  3)、publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));  发布容器刷新完成事件;

  4)、LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);  

总结:

1、Spring容器启动的时候,先会保存所有注册进来的Bean的定义信息

  1):xml注册bean:<bean>

  2):注解注册Bean;@Service、@Component、@Bean、xxx

2、Spring容器会合适的时机创建这些Bean

  1)、用到这个bean的时候;利用getBean创建bean;创建好以后保存在容器中;
  2)、统一创建剩下所有的bean的时候;finishBeanFactoryInitialization();

3、非常重要的BeanPostProcessor,后置处理器

  1)、每一个bean创建完成,都会使用各种后置处理器进行处理;来增强bean的功能;

    AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:处理自动注入
    AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator:来做AOP功能;

    AsyncAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:异步相关

    ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:调度相关

    等等

4、事件驱动模型;

  ApplicationListener;事件监听
  ApplicationEventMulticaster;事件派发

问题汇总:

Spring如何实现DI及时机?

  AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:处理自动注入

public class AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor extends InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter
        implements MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor, PriorityOrdered, BeanFactoryAware ;
    public abstract class InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter implements SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor;
        public interface SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor;

  1、在doGetBean中执行createBean之前,先获取当前bean的所有依赖bean【String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();】如果不为空,则依此创建其依赖

bean【getBean(depBeanName);】

  2、在populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);  给bean的属性赋值,这一步中,先执行InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor的后置处理器,

  即用AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 为依赖注入值。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yangyongjie/p/10992272.html