webpack 前端构建

一、建立简单的项目目录

1、创建 manager 根目录(作为项目根目录)
2、执行 npm init,在根目录manager下自动生成 package.json文件
3、npm install webpack --save-dev,在项目中安装 webpack npm包
4、在根目录下 创建 webpack.config.js,所有的配置代码都写在里面
5、在根目录创建 src 目录,包含 html目录 > index.html,css目录 > index.css,js目录 > index.js,images目录 > index...

如图:

二、配置webpack.config.js文件

1、简单配置及使用

module.exports = {
    entry: {
        'js/index': './src/js/index.js'
    },
    output: {
        path: './build',
        filename: '[name].js'
    }
};

执行构建命令:./node_modules/webpack/bin/webpack.js

ok,生成下图的目录结构了

2、安装,使用html-webpack-plugin插件

上一步我们通过构建,在根目录下生成了 ./build/js/index.js 文件,我们希望 生成 ./build/html/index.html 文件
首先安装一下插件 npm install html-webpack-plugin --save-dev,再来看看我们的配置代码

var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
var plugins = [];

plugins.push(
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
        template: './src/html/index.html',
        filename: 'html/index.html',
        inject: 'body',
        hash: true, // index.js?hash
        cache: true, // if true (default) try to emit the file only if it was changed.
        showErrors: true, // if true (default) errors details will be written into the html page.
        chunks: ['js/index'] // filter chunks
    })
);

module.exports = {
    entry: {
        'js/index': './src/js/index.js'
    },
    output: {
        path: './build',
        filename: '[name].js'
    },
    plugins: plugins
};

执行构建命令:./node_modules/webpack/bin/webpack.js后

打开./build/html/index.html文件,发现html中自动加上了script标签,引用的js路径加上了hash值,是不是感觉很赞
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/index.js?f5f204be195973d9d81c"></script>

构建后的项目目录如图:

3、配合babel编译器,让我们所写的js代码支持es6语法

babel官网地址:https://babeljs.io/

安装babel编译器
npm install --save-dev babel-loader babel-core
npm install --save-dev babel-preset-es2015

在根目录下创建 .babelrc 配置文件

{
  "presets": ["es2015"]
}

webpack.config.js配置如下:

var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
var plugins = [];
var loaders = [
   { test: /.js$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: "babel-loader" },
   { test: /.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader" }
];

plugins.push(
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
        template: './src/html/index.html',
        filename: 'html/index.html',
        inject: 'body',
        hash: true, // index.js?hash
        cache: true, // if true (default) try to emit the file only if it was changed.
        showErrors: true, // if true (default) errors details will be written into the html page.
        chunks: ['js/index'] // filter chunks
    })
);

module.exports = {
    entry: {
        'js/index': './src/js/index.js'
    },
    output: {
        path: './build',
        filename: '[name].js'
    },
    module: {
        loaders: loaders
    },
    plugins: plugins
};

准备好了,我们在 ./src/js/index.js文件中写入:

function testEs6(a, ...args) {
    console.log(args); // [2,3,4]
}

testEs6(1,2,3,4);

console.log(Set);
console.log(Map);

new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {});

执行构建命令:./node_modules/webpack/bin/webpack.js,OK,编译成功了,并没有报错,这意味着你可以在你的项目中使用es6了

4、css文件可以作为模块在js中被引入

npm install css-loader --save-dev
npm install style-loader --save-dev

在webpack.config.js文件中配置

var loaders = [
   { test: /.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader" }
];

在./src/js/index.js中 引入css文件

require('../css/index.css');

执行构建命令:./node_modules/webpack/bin/webpack.js,可以看到 ./src/css/index.css中的css代码 放在了./build/html/index.html文件的style标签内

5、本地服务 webpack-dev-server

npm install --save-dev webpack-dev-server

执行服务启动命令:./node_modules/.bin/webpack-dev-server --progress --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8080 --colors --inline --hot --display-error-details --content-base src/

你可以通过浏览器输入下面地址来访问你的项目:
http://0.0.0.0:8080/html
localhost:8080/html
你的ip:8080/html

ok,也可以通过配置 webpack.config.js

var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
var plugins = [];
var loaders = [
   { test: /.js$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: "babel-loader" },
   { test: /.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader" }
];

plugins.push(
    new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
        template: './src/html/index.html',
        filename: 'html/index.html',
        inject: 'body',
        hash: true,
        cache: true,
        showErrors: true,
        chunks: ['js/index']
    })
);

module.exports = {
    entry: {
        'js/index': './src/js/index.js'
    },
    output: {
        path: './build',
        filename: '[name].js'
    },
    devServer: {
        progress: true,
        host: '0.0.0.0',
        port: 8080,
        colors: true,
        inline: true,
        // hot: true,
        contentBase: './src',
        displayErrorDetails: true
    },
    module: {
        loaders: loaders
    },
    plugins: plugins
};

配置完了后,我们 在执行命令 ./node_modules/.bin/webpack-dev-server,ok,成功了
我们随便修改一下 ./src/html/index.html代码(也可以修改css,js代码),浏览器页面将会自动刷新,实时预览,神奇吧....

6、多文件自动构建

// webpack.config.js

var glob = require('glob');
var path = require('path');
var HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');
var source = getSource();

var loaders = [
   { test: /.js$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: "babel-loader" },
   { test: /.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader" }
];

var plugins = (function() {
    var arr = [];

    source.htmlFiles.forEach(function(htmlFile) {
        arr.push(
            new HtmlWebpackPlugin({
                template: htmlFile.pageSource,
                filename: htmlFile.filename,
                inject: 'body',
                hash: true,
                cache: true,
                showErrors: true,
                chunks: [htmlFile.jsChunkName]
            })
        );
    });

    return arr;
}());

module.exports = {
    entry: source.entry,
    output: {
        path: './build',
        filename: '[name].js'
    },
    devServer: {
        progress: true,
        host: '0.0.0.0',
        port: 8080,
        colors: true,
        inline: true,
        hot: true,
        contentBase: './src',
        displayErrorDetails: true
    },
    module: {
        loaders: loaders
    },
    plugins: plugins
};

function getSource() {
    var source = {
        htmlFiles: [],
        entry: {}
    };

    var pageSource = glob.sync('./src/html/*.html');
    var jsSource = glob.sync('./src/js/**/*.js');
    var entry = {}; // 存储 all

    jsSource.forEach(function(item) {
        entry['js/' + path.basename(item, '.js')] = item;
    });

    pageSource.forEach(function(page) {
        var jsChunkName = 'js/' + path.basename(page, '.html');
        source.htmlFiles.push({
            filename: 'html/' + path.basename(page),
            pageSource: page,
            jsChunkName: jsChunkName
        });

        source.entry[jsChunkName] = entry[jsChunkName];
    });

    return source;
}

ps:转载请注明出处:杨君华

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yangjunhua/p/5615118.html