MySQL基础

https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/join.html

1、JOIN语法

table_references:
    table_reference [, table_reference] …

table_reference:
    table_factor
  | join_table

table_factor:
    tbl_name [[AS] alias]
        [{USE|IGNORE|FORCE} INDEX (key_list)]
  | ( table_references )
  | { OJ table_reference LEFT OUTER JOIN table_reference
        ON conditional_expr }

join_table:
    table_reference [INNER | CROSS] JOIN table_factor [join_condition]
  | table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor
  | table_reference STRAIGHT_JOIN table_factor ON condition
  | table_reference LEFT [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_condition
  | table_reference NATURAL [LEFT [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor
  | table_reference RIGHT [OUTER] JOIN table_reference join_condition
  | table_reference NATURAL [RIGHT [OUTER]] JOIN table_factor

join_condition:
    ON conditional_expr
  | USING (column_list)

INNER JOIN和，（逗号）在无联合条件下是语义相同的：
两者都可以对指定的表计算出笛卡儿乘积（也就是说，第一个表中的每一行被联合到第二个表中的每一行）。

在MySQL中，CROSS JOIN 从语法上说与 INNER JOIN 等同，[INNER | CROSS]可以省略就变成了 JOIN。

内连接
[INNER] JOIN
外连接
LEFT [OUTER] JOIN
RIGHT [OUTER] JOIN