环境:
1、操作系统:CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
2、安装版本: mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
3、下载地址:http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
4、下载说明:上边的下载地址是最新版的,如果想下载老版本可以点击页面中的超链接“Looking for previous GA versions?”
5、特殊说明:Linux下MySQL5.6与MySQL5.7安装方法略有不同,本文以5.6为主
安装步骤
0、卸载老版本MySQL
查找并删除mysql有关的文件
find / -name mysql rm -rf 上边查找到的路径,多个路径用空格隔开 #或者下边一条命令即可 find / -name mysql|xargs rm -rf
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-305617e34955e4d3.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
1、在安装包存放目录下执行命令解压文件:
tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-f8b6174388c8531d.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
2、删除安装包,重命名解压后的文件
rm -f mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mv mysql-5.6.31-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-7c5b2ca42cf623e1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
3、添加mysql用户组和mysql用户
先检查是否有mysql用户组和mysql用户
groups mysql
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-cc398fb960e0cb76.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
若无,则添加;
groupadd mysql useradd -r -g mysql mysql
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-f80edc428a9e61cf.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
若有,则跳过;
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-6aee55a3221c0446.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
4、进入mysql目录更改权限
cd mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql ./
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-ad018015ea413b53.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
5、执行安装脚本
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-e07b0b2383d9fc81.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
安装完之后修改当前目录拥有者为root用户,修改data目录拥有者为mysql
chown -R root:root ./ chown -R mysql:mysql data
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-4e2b1c5c2fd75d24.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
6、更改mysql密码
上一步安装脚本执行输出的日志中告诉我们如何更改密码了
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-ccd379696682e6c6.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
但是如果直接执行这两条命令就会报错
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-151811b1ccfd6b75.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
因为这时还没有启动mysql,这算是一个坑。启动方法如下:
./support-files/mysql.server start
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-31eacd5fca58b5b5.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
如果MySQL启动报错,则可能是已经存在MySQL进程,杀掉即可
ps aux|grep mysql kill -9 上边的进程号 #或者下边一条命令即可杀掉所有MySQL进程 ps aux|grep mysql|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-6572db71fdf5faa7.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
杀掉后再启动即可。
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-f417bdc69058de74.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
MySQL启动之后再执行如下命令更改密码:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhost.localdomain password 'root'
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-d1a1c4478febf199.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
密码更改后即可登录MySQL
./bin/mysql -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -proot
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-c22b674ff3f96009.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
登录之后将其他用户的密码也可改为root
update mysql.user set password=password('root') where user='root'; flush privileges;
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-010a473ab72f59fc.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
7、增加远程登录权限
上一步即可本地登录,但远程登录会报错
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-2185d688960a5413.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)
为解决这一问题,需要本地登陆MySQL后执行如下命令
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'root'; flush privileges;
![](https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/1899977-8488efcf4d8d96a1.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2)