python自定义排序

发现不是很清楚，遂整理StackOverflow如下

Generally, you want to use the built-in sorted() function which takes a custom comparator as its parameter.

We need to pay attention to the fact that in Python 3 the parameter name and semantics have changed.

How the custom comparator works

When providing a custom comparator, it should generally return an integer/float value that follows the following pattern (as with most other programming languages and frameworks):

return a negative value (< 0) when the left item should be sorted before the right item
return a positive value (> 0) when the left item should be sorted after the right item
return 0 when both the left and the right item have the same weight and should be ordered "equally" without precedence

In the particular case of the OP's question, the following custom compare function can be used:

def compare(item1, item2):
    return fitness(item1) - fitness(item2)

Using the minus operation is a nifty trick because it yields to positive values when the weight of left item1 is bigger than the weight of the right item2. Hence item1 will be sorted after item2.

If you want to reverse the sort order, simply reverse the subtraction:

return fitness(item2) - fitness(item1)

Calling sorted() in Python 2

sorted(mylist, cmp=compare)

sorted(mylist, cmp=lambda item1, item2: fitness(item1) - fitness(item2))

Calling sorted() in Python 3

from functools import cmp_to_key
sorted(mylist, key=cmp_to_key(compare))

from functools import cmp_to_key
sorted(mylist, key=cmp_to_key(lambda item1, item2: fitness(item1) - fitness(item2)))