大数据基础-2-Hadoop-1环境搭建测试

Hadoop环境搭建测试

1 安装软件

1.1 规划目录 /opt

[root@host2 ~]# cd /opt
[root@host2 opt]# mkdir java
[root@host2 opt]# mkdir cdh
[root@host2 opt]# ls
cdh  java

1.2 安装RZ工具

RZ工具：可以直接从win平台拖动下载好的软件到Linux平台

sudo yum -y install lrzsz

1.3 上传软件

将windows准备好的软件上传

1.4 解压

[root@host2 java]# tar -zxf jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gz   #解压
[root@host2 java]# rm -rf jdk-7u67-linux-x64.tar.gz #删除压缩包
[root@host2 java]# ls
jdk1.7.0_67
[root@host2 java]# cd /opt/cdh/
[root@host2 cdh]# tar -zxf hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6.tar.gz     #解压
[root@host2 cdh]# ls
hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6  hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6.tar.gz
[root@host2 cdh]# rm -rf hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6.tar.gz   #删除压缩包
[root@host2 cdh]# ls
hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6

1.5删除hadoop说明文档，系统瘦身

[root@host2 opt]# rm -rf /opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6/share/doc

2 配置JAVA、Hadoop环境变量

2.1 位置：/etc/profile

#JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.7.0_67
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

#HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib"
export HADOOP_PREFIX=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_MAPPER_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export HADOOP_YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_HOME
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/lib

2.2 刷新

[root@host2 opt]# source /etc/profile   #刷新
[root@host2 opt]# java -version     #查看版本
java version "1.7.0_67"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_67-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.65-b04, mixed mode)

3 配置Hadoop环境

当前目录：/opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6

3.1 配置JAVA环境变量

3.1.1 etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
3.1.2 etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh
3.1.3 etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/opt/java/jdk1.7.0_67

3.2 配置文件

3.2.1 etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

说明：主节点NameNode位置及交互端口

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://host2:8020</value>
    </property>
    
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>/opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6/hdfs/tmp</value>
    </property>
	
	<property>
		<name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts</name>
		<value>*</value>
	</property>
	
	<property>
		<name>hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups</name>
		<value>*</value>
	</property>
	
	</configuration>

3.2.2 etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

说明：系统中文件块的数据副本个数，是所有datanode总和，每个datanode上只能存放1个副本

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

3.2.3 etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml:
<configuration>
    <!-- reduce获取数据的方式  -->
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
	
	<!-- 指定ResourceManager的位置  -->
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>host2</value>
    </property>
	
</configuration>
3.2.4 etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# cp etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

<configuration>

    <!-- 指定MapReduce运行在yarn上  -->
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
	
	<!-- 配置历史服务器端口  -->
	<property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-senior02.ibeifeng.com:10020</value>
    </property>
	
	<!-- 开历史服务器的WEB UI界面  -->
	<property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>hadoop-senior02.ibeifeng.com:19888</value>
    </property>
</configuration>
3.2.5 etc/hadoop/salves

说明：配置在从节点DataNode的位置，直接添加主机名

4 启动HDFS文件系统测试读写文件

4.1 格式化HDFS文件系统

[root@host2 ~]# cd /opt/cdh/
[root@host2 cdh]# ls
hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6
[root@host2 cdh]# cd hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6/
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# ls
bin  bin-mapreduce1  cloudera  etc  examples  examples-mapreduce1  include  lib  libexec  sbin  share  src
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/hdfs namenode -format
18/06/03 10:57:06 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:


格式化成功

4.2 启动namenode和datanote

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
starting namenode, logging to /opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-host2.out
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start datanode
starting datanode, logging to /opt/cdh/hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-host2.out
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# jps
1255 Jps
1184 DataNode
1109 NameNode

4.3 登陆HDFS的WEB界面

端口号：50070

登陆WEB：http://host2:50070/explorer.html#/

5 文件操作

5.1 创建目录

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /test/day0603

5.2 上传文件

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/hdfs dfs -put hdfs/060318-TheWolfAndTheDog.txt /test/day0603


5.3 读取文件

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/hdfs dfs -cat /test/day0603/060318-TheWolfAndTheDog.txt

5.4 启动yarn并开启历史服务器

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start nodemanager
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start resourcemanager
[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]#  sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver         #启动历史服务器

yarn管理界面

http://host2:8088/cluster

6 运行MapReduce WordCount程序

6.1 找到hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6.jar

6.2 使用jar

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/yarn jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6.jar wordcount /test/day0603/060318-TheWolfAndTheDog.txt /test/output0603-1

6.3 查看结果

[root@host2 hadoop-2.5.0-cdh5.3.6]# bin/hdfs dfs -text /test/output0603-1/part*
18/06/03 14:10:14 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
After	1
Are	1
As	2
Asks	1
Come	1
He	2
I	12
If	1
In	2
It’s	1
I’m	3
My	1

MapReduce 会针对key进行排序

Hadoop2.X伪分布式搭建并且测试完成

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xuwei1/p/9129122.html