验证码

1 pillow模块手撸实现

pip install pillow

def get_rgb():
　　return (random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255),random.randint(0,255))



def get_valid_code(request):
    
    # 生成一张图片(Image模块下的new函数，返回一个Image对象)
    img = Image.new('RGB', (450,30),(255,255,255))
    
    # 把图片放到画板上
    img_draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    
    # 验证码字体从下载的ttf文件中获取
    img_font = ImageFont.truetype('./static/font/ss/TTF', 25)
    
    # 随机生成5个验证码,包含数字,字母大小写
    valid_code = ''
    for i in range(5):
        low_char = chr(random.randint(97,122))
        num_char = random.randint(0,9)
        up_char = chr(random.randint(65,90))
        res = random.choice([low_char, num_char,  up_char])
        valide_code+=str(res)
        img_draw.text((i*63+50, 0), str(res), get_rgb(), img_font)
        
    # 把验证码存到session中
    request.session['valide_code'] = valid_code
    
    # 画线和点圈
    width = 450
    height = 30
    for i in range(10):
        x1 = random.randint(0, width)
        x2 = random.randint(0, width)
        y1 = random.randint(0, height)
        y2 = random.randint(0, height)
        # 在图片上画线
        img_draw.line((x1, y1, x2, y2), fill=get_rgb())
    
    # 画点
    for i in range(50):
        img_draw.point([random.randint(0, width), random.randint(0, height)], fill=get_rgb())
        x = random.randint(0, width)
        y = random.randint(0, height)
        
        # 画弧形
        img_draw.arc((x, y, x + 4, y + 4), 0, 90, fill=get_rgb())
    
    # 把生成的图片写到内存中
    f = BytesIO()
    img.save(f, 'png')
    
    # 把内容全取出来
    data = f.getvalue()
    return HttpResponse(data)

2 gvcode和captcha实现

1 gvcode

pip install graphic-verification-code
import gvcode

#序列解包
s, v = gvcode.generate()    

#显示生成的验证码图片
s.show()    

#打印验证码字符串
print(v)

2 captcha

pip install captcha
from captcha.image import ImageCaptcha
from random import randint
list = ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9',
        'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z',
        'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']
chars = ''
for i in range(4):
    chars += list[randint(0, 62)]
image = ImageCaptcha().generate_image(chars)

image.show()

3 图片验证码刷新

1 从前端拿到验证码控件src

$("id_valid_ code")
=>w.fn.init[img#id_valid_code]

$("id_valid_ code")[0]
=><img src="/get_valid/" height="30" width="450" id="id_valid_code">

$("#id_valid_code")[0].src
=>"http://127.0.0.1:8000/get_valid/"

2 图片路径发生变化时就会像后端发送请求,

$("#id_valid_code").click(function(){
    var url = $("id_valid_code")[0].src
    $("#id_valid_code")[0].src += url+'?'
})