go ethereum源码分析 PartIV Transaction相关

核心数据结构：

core.types.transaction.go

type Transaction struct {
    data txdata
    // caches
    hash atomic.Value
    size atomic.Value
    from atomic.Value
}

Transaction.data

type txdata struct {
    AccountNonce uint64          `json:"nonce"    gencodec:"required"`
    Price        *big.Int        `json:"gasPrice" gencodec:"required"`
    GasLimit     uint64          `json:"gas"      gencodec:"required"`
    Recipient    *common.Address `json:"to"       rlp:"nil"` // nil means contract creation
    Amount       *big.Int        `json:"value"    gencodec:"required"`
    Payload      []byte          `json:"input"    gencodec:"required"`

    // Signature values
    V *big.Int `json:"v" gencodec:"required"`
    R *big.Int `json:"r" gencodec:"required"`
    S *big.Int `json:"s" gencodec:"required"`

    // This is only used when marshaling to JSON.
    Hash *common.Hash `json:"hash" rlp:"-"`
}

辅助数据结构

core/tx_list.go

txList

type txList struct {
//nonces是否严格递增
    strict bool         // Whether nonces are strictly continuous or not 

    txs    *txSortedMap // Heap indexed sorted hash map of the transactions
//costing最高的会话的价格（只有当超过balance时才重置）
    costcap *big.Int // Price of the highest costing transaction (reset only if exceeds balance)
//spending最高的会话的gas limit
    gascap  uint64   // Gas limit of the highest spending transaction (reset only if exceeds block limit)
}

txList.txs txSortedMap

// txSortedMap is a nonce->transaction hash map with a heap based index to allow
// iterating over the contents in a nonce-incrementing way.
type txSortedMap struct {
    items map[uint64]*types.Transaction // Hash map storing the transaction data
    index *nonceHeap                    // Heap of nonces of all the stored transactions (non-strict mode)
    cache types.Transactions            // Cache of the transactions already sorted
}

txSortedMap.index nonceHeap

type nonceHeap []uint64

类似的结构，txPricedList

// txPricedList is a price-sorted heap to allow operating on transactions pool
// contents in a price-incrementing way.
type txPricedList struct {
    all    *txLookup  // Pointer to the map of all transactions
    items  *priceHeap // Heap of prices of all the stored transactions
    stales int        // Number of stale price points to (re-heap trigger)
}

tx.PricedList.items priceHeap，令人有点吃惊，不够对称

type priceHeap []*types.Transaction

在tx_list.go中需要分析两个数据结构，1. txList, 2. txPricedList

调用到tx_list.go的主要是tx_pool.go

tx_pool.go的主要数据结构是txPool，

txPool中包含目前已知的所有会话。会话上传到blockchain上的时候就会离开会话池。

// TxPool contains all currently known transactions. Transactions
// enter the pool when they are received from the network or submitted
// locally. They exit the pool when they are included in the blockchain.
//
// The pool separates processable transactions (which can be applied to the
// current state) and future transactions. Transactions move between those
// two states over time as they are received and processed.
//TxPool包含目前所有已知的会话，会话直接从本地提交，或者从网络传送过来之后，紧接着就进入池中
//会话被上传到blockchain的时候就会离开会话池
//会话池将processable的会话（可处理的会话）与future会话(未来的会话）分开。
//会话收发的过程中就不断在这两种状态之见切换
type TxPool struct {
    config       TxPoolConfig
    chainconfig  *params.ChainConfig//有专用的ChainConfig
    chain        blockChain
    gasPrice     *big.Int
    txFeed       event.Feed
    scope        event.SubscriptionScope
    chainHeadCh  chan ChainHeadEvent
    chainHeadSub event.Subscription
    signer       types.Signer
    mu           sync.RWMutex
//blockchain头节点的状态-currentState
    currentState  *state.StateDB      // Current state in the blockchain head
    pendingState  *state.ManagedState // Pending state tracking virtual nonces
//目前会话的gasLimit，有待具体确认
    currentMaxGas uint64              // Current gas limit for transaction caps



    locals  *accountSet // Set of local transaction to exempt from eviction rules
    journal *txJournal  // Journal of local transaction to back up to disk
//可处理的
    pending map[common.Address]*txList   // All currently processable transactions
//排着队的但是还没处理的
    queue   map[common.Address]*txList   // Queued but non-processable transactions
//最后的波纹，啊不，临近节点的心跳
    beats   map[common.Address]time.Time // Last heartbeat from each known account
 // all，有可能与txPricedList的all是同一个实例
    all     *txLookup                    // All transactions to allow lookups
    priced  *txPricedList                // All transactions sorted by price
//for shutdown
    wg sync.WaitGroup // for shutdown sync

    homestead bool
}

PoolConfig可以设定的内容以及默认参数

// TxPoolConfig are the configuration parameters of the transaction pool.
type TxPoolConfig struct {
    Locals    []common.Address // Addresses that should be treated by default as local
    NoLocals  bool             // Whether local transaction handling should be disabled
    Journal   string           // Journal of local transactions to survive node restarts
    Rejournal time.Duration    // Time interval to regenerate the local transaction journal

    PriceLimit uint64 // Minimum gas price to enforce for acceptance into the pool
    PriceBump  uint64 // Minimum price bump percentage to replace an already existing transaction (nonce)

    AccountSlots uint64 // Number of executable transaction slots guaranteed per account
    GlobalSlots  uint64 // Maximum number of executable transaction slots for all accounts
    AccountQueue uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots permitted per account
    GlobalQueue  uint64 // Maximum number of non-executable transaction slots for all accounts

    Lifetime time.Duration // Maximum amount of time non-executable transaction are queued
}

// DefaultTxPoolConfig contains the default configurations for the transaction
// pool.
var DefaultTxPoolConfig = TxPoolConfig{
    Journal:   "transactions.rlp",
    Rejournal: time.Hour,

    PriceLimit: 1,
    PriceBump:  10,

    AccountSlots: 16,
    GlobalSlots:  4096,
    AccountQueue: 64,
    GlobalQueue:  1024,

    Lifetime: 3 * time.Hour,
}

ChainConfig-区块链的核心设置

// ChainConfig is the core config which determines the blockchain settings.
//
// ChainConfig is stored in the database on a per block basis. This means
// that any network, identified by its genesis block, can have its own
// set of configuration options.
type ChainConfig struct {
    ChainID *big.Int `json:"chainId"` // chainId identifies the current chain and is used for replay protection

    HomesteadBlock *big.Int `json:"homesteadBlock,omitempty"` // Homestead switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already homestead)

    DAOForkBlock   *big.Int `json:"daoForkBlock,omitempty"`   // TheDAO hard-fork switch block (nil = no fork)
    DAOForkSupport bool     `json:"daoForkSupport,omitempty"` // Whether the nodes supports or opposes the DAO hard-fork

    // EIP150 implements the Gas price changes (https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/150)
    EIP150Block *big.Int    `json:"eip150Block,omitempty"` // EIP150 HF block (nil = no fork)
    EIP150Hash  common.Hash `json:"eip150Hash,omitempty"`  // EIP150 HF hash (needed for header only clients as only gas pricing changed)

    EIP155Block *big.Int `json:"eip155Block,omitempty"` // EIP155 HF block
    EIP158Block *big.Int `json:"eip158Block,omitempty"` // EIP158 HF block

    ByzantiumBlock      *big.Int `json:"byzantiumBlock,omitempty"`      // Byzantium switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already on byzantium)
    ConstantinopleBlock *big.Int `json:"constantinopleBlock,omitempty"` // Constantinople switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already activated)
    PetersburgBlock     *big.Int `json:"petersburgBlock,omitempty"`     // Petersburg switch block (nil = same as Constantinople)
    EWASMBlock          *big.Int `json:"ewasmBlock,omitempty"`          // EWASM switch block (nil = no fork, 0 = already activated)

    // Various consensus engines
    Ethash *EthashConfig `json:"ethash,omitempty"`
    Clique *CliqueConfig `json:"clique,omitempty"`
}

// EthashConfig is the consensus engine configs for proof-of-work based sealing.
type EthashConfig struct{}

// CliqueConfig is the consensus engine configs for proof-of-authority based sealing.
type CliqueConfig struct {
    Period uint64 `json:"period"` // Number of seconds between blocks to enforce
    Epoch  uint64 `json:"epoch"`  // Epoch length to reset votes and checkpoint
}

BlockChain的定义，主要是起索引

type blockChain interface {
    CurrentBlock() *types.Block
    GetBlock(hash common.Hash, number uint64) *types.Block
    StateAt(root common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error)

    SubscribeChainHeadEvent(ch chan<- ChainHeadEvent) event.Subscription
}

状态DB的定义

// StateDBs within the ethereum protocol are used to store anything
// within the merkle trie. StateDBs take care of caching and storing
// nested states. It's the general query interface to retrieve:
// * Contracts
// * Accounts
type StateDB struct {
    db   Database
    trie Trie

    // This map holds 'live' objects, which will get modified while processing a state transition.
    stateObjects      map[common.Address]*stateObject
    stateObjectsDirty map[common.Address]struct{}

    // DB error.
    // State objects are used by the consensus core and VM which are
    // unable to deal with database-level errors. Any error that occurs
    // during a database read is memoized here and will eventually be returned
    // by StateDB.Commit.
    dbErr error

    // The refund counter, also used by state transitioning.
    refund uint64

    thash, bhash common.Hash
    txIndex      int
    logs         map[common.Hash][]*types.Log
    logSize      uint

    preimages map[common.Hash][]byte

    // Journal of state modifications. This is the backbone of
    // Snapshot and RevertToSnapshot.
    journal        *journal
    validRevisions []revision
    nextRevisionId int
}

ManagedState定义，比普通的StateDB多了accounts的管理

type ManagedState struct {
    *StateDB

    mu sync.RWMutex

    accounts map[common.Address]*account
}

type account struct {
   stateObject *stateObject
   nstart      uint64
   nonces      []bool
}

tx_pool.go中的主要逻辑