1、 准备工作
安装java环境即JDK
下载geoserver 官网：http://geoserver.org/display/GEOS/Welcome
我的描述使用的是geoserver1.7版本，2.0版本类似，只是1.7是中文的，2.0版本可以再使用过1.7版本后自己摸索，大同小异。
下载openLayers 官网：http://www.openlayers.org/
配置好JAVA_HOME
下载地图（shp格式） 可到此网站：http://nfgis.nsdi.gov.cn/asp/userinfo.asp?action=queding
填写信息后即可下载
2、 启动geoserver（安装目录binstart.bat）
打开浏览器，访问：http://localhost/:8080/geoserver/
3、 登录geoserver
点“配置”，在登录界面输入用户名 ‘admin’，密码’geoserver’
4、 配置数据
登录成功之后，再点“配置”。在配置界面，点“数据”。
在数据配置界面，点“数据库”。
5、 新建数据集
在Feature数据集配置界面，点“新建”
在新建界面，Feature 数据描述类型，选择Shaperfile，Feature数据集ID，输入“szmap_bingguanjiudian”，点“新建”(此时，由于地图信息还没部署，因此，先将shape格式的数据文件复制到C:geoserverdata_dirdataszmapnew。)
在数据文件配置界面中，url填写为：file:data/szmapnew/bingguanjiudian_custom_point.shp
(表示对应C:geoserverdata_dirdataszmapnewingguanjiudian_custom_point.shp)
Charset填写为：GBK，点“提交”。
6、 新建Feature Type
文件加载成功，进入Feature Type编辑界面，样式选择 point,SRS填写为4326,点生成.
再点“提交”。(千万不要勾上启用缓存，我就是勾上它，结果导致创建的FeaTure Type无法保存，走了弯路)
7、 应用保存配置
然后先点左上角的“应用”，
再点“保存”。
8、 使用openLayers编写测试页面
<html>
<head>
<title>OpenLayers map preview</title>
<style type="text/css">
#map {
800px;
height: 380px;
border: 1px solid black;
}
</style>
<script src="http://localhost:8080/geoserver/openlayers/OpenLayers.js"
type="text/javascript">
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function setHTML(response)
{
OpenLayers.Util.getElement('nodelist').innerHTML = response.responseText;
};
function init()
{
var map = new OpenLayers.Map("map",{controls:[], 'projection': 'EPSG:4326', 'units':'degrees'});
OpenLayers.IMAGE_RELOAD_ATTEMPTS = 5;
var bounds = new OpenLayers.Bounds(114.08473735,22.5444392,114.09911765000001,22.5517168);
tiled = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("topp:danwei_font_point", "http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms",
{height: '380', '800',layers: 'topp:danwei_font_point',styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326',format: 'image/png', tiled: 'true', tilesOrigin :"114.08473735,22.5444392"},
{maxExtent: bounds, maxResolution: 5.617304687505209E-5, projection: "EPSG:4326", buffer: 0});
map.addLayer(tiled);
jiaotonggandao_region = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("topp:jiaotonggandao_region", "http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms",
{height: '392', '800',layers: 'topp:jiaotonggandao_region',styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326', transparent: "true",format: 'image/png', tiled:'true', tilesOrigin :"114.0836293,22.543578500000002"},
{maxExtent: bounds, maxResolution: 6.49429687499814E-5, projection: "EPSG:4326", buffer: 0});
map.addLayer(jiaotonggandao_region);
daoluzhongxinxian_polyline = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("topp:daoluzhongxinxian_polyline", "http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms",
{height: '392', '800',layers: 'topp:daoluzhongxinxian_polyline',styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326', transparent: "true",format: 'image/png', tiled:'true', tilesOrigin : "114.0836293,22.543578500000002"},
{maxExtent: bounds, maxResolution: 6.49429687499814E-5, projection: "EPSG:4326", buffer: 0,isBaseLayer:false});
map.addLayer(daoluzhongxinxian_polyline);
shangsha_font_point = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS("topp:shangsha_font_point", "http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms",
{ '800',layers: 'topp:shangsha_font_point',styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326',height: '381',format: 'image/png', transparent: "true",tiled: 'true', tilesOrigin : "114.0838415,22.543650900000003"},
{maxExtent: bounds, maxResolution: 6.20898437499462E-5, projection: "EPSG:4326", buffer: 0,isBaseLayer:false});
map.addLayer(shangsha_font_point);
untiled = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS.Untiled("topp:danwei_font_point", "http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms",
{height: '380', '800',layers: 'topp:danwei_font_point',styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326',format: 'image/png'},
{maxExtent: bounds, maxResolution: 5.617304687505209E-5, projection: "EPSG:4326"});
untiled.ratio=1;
untiled.setVisibility(false, false);
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.PanZoomBar({div:$('nav')}));
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.MouseDefaults());
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.Scale($('scale')));
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.MousePosition({element: $('position')}));
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.LayerSwitcher());
map.addControl(new OpenLayers.Control.OverviewMap());
map.zoomToExtent(bounds);
map.events.register('click', map,
function (e)
{
OpenLayers.Util.getElement('nodelist').innerHTML = "Loading… please wait..." + map.layers[0].name;
var url = map.layers[0].getFullRequestString({
REQUEST: "GetFeatureInfo",
EXCEPTIONS: "application/vnd.ogc.se_xml",
BBOX: map.getExtent().toBBOX(),
X: e.xy.x,
Y: e.xy.y,
INFO_FORMAT: 'text/html',
QUERY_LAYERS: map.layers[0].params.LAYERS,
FEATURE_COUNT: 50,
layers: 'topp:danwei_font_point',
styles: '',srs: 'EPSG:4326',WIDTH: map.size.w,HEIGHT: map.size.h},
"http://localhost:8080/geoserver/wms");
OpenLayers.loadURL(url, '', this, setHTML, setHTML);
Event.stop(e);
});
}
</script>
</head>
<body onload="init()">
<table>
<tr>
<td style=" 40px" valign="middle" rowspan="3">
<div id="nav"></div>
</td>
<td colspan="3" align="right">
<a id="untiledLink" href="#"
onclick="map.removeLayer(tiled);map.addLayer(untiled);">Untiled</a>
<a id="tiledLink" href="#"
onclick="map.removeLayer(untiled);map.addLayer(tiled);">Tiled</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<div id="map"></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div id="scale"></div>
</td>
<td align="right">
<div id="position"></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div id="nodelist">
Click on the map to get feature
</div>
</body>
</html>
9、 部署示例
将该页面保存到C:geoserverwebappsgeoserver5.htm
10、查看效果
访问 http://localhost/:8080/geoserver/5.htm 拖动图层，并可点击数据
11、加上googlemap图层
申请Google 地图 API 的key
http://www.google.com/intl/zh-CN/apis/maps/signup.html
申请的url填写为： http://www.618119.com/:8080/
12、 将域名映射到本地
编辑hosts文件（C:WINDOWSsystem32driversetc目录下） 将localhost改为：www.618119.com，也就是将www.618119.com映射为127.0.0.1.否则在本地加载不了google map.
13、 编辑html
添加加载google map的javascript代码
</script>
在init方法里加上
var googlesatellite = new OpenLayers.Layer.Google("Google Satellite", {type:G_SATELLITE_MAP, 'maxZoomLevel':18} );
map.addLayers([googlesatellite]);
var googlebybrid = new OpenLayers.Layer.Google("Google Hybrid", {type:G_HYBRID_MAP});
map.addLayers([googlebybrid]);
var GMapsStreets = new OpenLayers.Layer.Google("Google Streets", {type:G_NORMAL_MAP, 'maxZoomLevel':18} );
map.addLayers([GMapsStreets]);
14、查看效果
访问 http://localhost/:8080/geoserver/5.htm
15、选择地图右边的上+号，选择Base Layer下的Google Streets
来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/ycsfwhh/archive/2009/12/16/1625373.html