首先要在项目中安装Unity，通过NuGet搜索Unity。
1.定义接口 IDependencyResolver
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IOCContainer
{
public interface IDependencyResolver : IDisposable
{
/// <summary>
/// 注册 T类型实例
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="instance"></param>
void Register<T>(T instance);
/// <summary>
/// 注入
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="existing"></param>
void Inject<T>(T existing);
/// <summary>
/// 解析
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
T Resolve<T>(Type type);
T Resolve<T>(Type type, string name);
T Resolve<T>();
T Resolve<T>(string name);
IEnumerable<T> ResolveAll<T>();
}
}
2.具体实现接口 UnityDependencyResolver
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IOCContainer
{
[Serializable]
public class UnityDependencyResolver : IDisposable, IDependencyResolver
{
//注入容器
private IUnityContainer _container;
public UnityDependencyResolver() : this(new UnityContainer())
{
UnityConfigurationSection configuration = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");
_container.LoadConfiguration(configuration, "UnityContainer");
}
public UnityDependencyResolver(IUnityContainer container)
{
_container = container;
}
public void Register<T>(T instance)
{
//注册实例
_container.RegisterInstance(instance);
}
public void Inject<T>(T existing)
{
//注入加载
_container.BuildUp(existing);
}
public T Resolve<T>(Type type)
{
//解析
return (T)_container.Resolve(type);
}
public T Resolve<T>(Type type, string name)
{
return (T)_container.Resolve(type, name);
}
public T Resolve<T>()
{
return _container.Resolve<T>();
}
public T Resolve<T>(string name)
{
return _container.Resolve<T>(name);
}
public IEnumerable<T> ResolveAll<T>()
{
//解析容器中所有
IEnumerable<T> namedInstances = _container.ResolveAll<T>();
T unnamedInstance = default(T);
try
{
unnamedInstance = _container.Resolve<T>();
}
catch (ResolutionFailedException)
{
//When default instance is missing
}
if (Equals(unnamedInstance, default(T)))
{
return namedInstances;
}
return new ReadOnlyCollection<T>(new List<T>(namedInstances) { unnamedInstance });
}
public void Dispose()
{
if (_container != null)
{
_container.Dispose();
}
}
}
}
3.定义工厂接口 IDependencyResolverFactory
using IOCContainer;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IOCContainer
{
public interface IDependencyResolverFactory
{
/// <summary>
/// 创建IDependencyResolver的实例
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
IDependencyResolver CreateInstance();
}
}
4.具体实现工厂接口 DependencyResolverFactory
using IOCContainer;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IOCContainer
{
public class DependencyResolverFactory : IDependencyResolverFactory
{
private Type _resolverType;
public DependencyResolverFactory(string resolverTypeName)
{
_resolverType = Type.GetType(resolverTypeName, true, true);
}
public DependencyResolverFactory()
{
_resolverType = Type.GetType(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DependencyResolverTypeName"], true, true);
}
public IDependencyResolver CreateInstance()
{
//根据类型创建实例对象
return Activator.CreateInstance(_resolverType) as IDependencyResolver;
}
}
}
5.调用工厂封装 IoC
using IOCContainer;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IOCContainer
{
public static class IoC
{
//解析器
private static IDependencyResolver _resolver;
/// <summary>
/// 初始化，创建实例对象
/// </summary>
/// <param name="factory"></param>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static void InitializeWith(IDependencyResolverFactory factory)
{
_resolver = factory.CreateInstance();
}
/// <summary>
/// 注册对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="instance"></param>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static void Register<T>(T instance)
{
_resolver.Register(instance);
}
/// <summary>
/// 注入对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="existing"></param>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static void Inject<T>(T existing)
{
_resolver.Inject(existing);
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static T Resolve<T>(Type type)
{
return _resolver.Resolve<T>(type);
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static T Resolve<T>(Type type, string name)
{
return _resolver.Resolve<T>(type, name);
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns></returns>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static T Resolve<T>()
{
return _resolver.Resolve<T>();
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static T Resolve<T>(string name)
{
return _resolver.Resolve<T>(name);
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析对象
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <returns></returns>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static IEnumerable<T> ResolveAll<T>()
{
return _resolver.ResolveAll<T>();
}
/// <summary>
/// 销毁
/// </summary>
[DebuggerStepThrough]
public static void Reset()
{
if (_resolver != null)
{
_resolver.Dispose();
}
}
}
}
6.配置文件
<configuration>
<configSections>
<!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
<section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
<!--声明容器-->
<section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration"/>
</configSections>
<unity>
<!--定义类型别名-->
<aliases>
<add alias="IProduct" type="UnityTest.IProduct,UnityTest" />
<add alias="Milk" type="UnityTest.Milk,UnityTest" />
<add alias="Sugar" type="UnityTest.Sugar,UnityTest" />
</aliases>
<!--容器-->
<container name="UnityContainer">
<!--映射关系-->
<register type="IProduct" mapTo="Milk" name="Milk"></register>
<register type="IProduct" mapTo="Sugar" name="Sugar"></register>
</container>
</unity>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)MSSQLLocalDB;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|aspnet-UnityTest-20160816022913.mdf;Initial Catalog=aspnet-UnityTest-20160816022913;Integrated Security=True" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings>
<add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
<!--Unity IOC容器-->
<add key="DependencyResolverTypeName" value="IOCContainer.UnityDependencyResolver,IOCContainer"/>
</appSettings>
<!--省略了其他配置...-->
</configuration>
7.具体实体类
/// <summary>
/// 商品
/// </summary>
public interface IProduct
{
string ClassName { get; set; }
string ShowInfo();
}
/// <summary>
/// 牛奶
/// </summary>
public class Milk : IProduct
{
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public string ShowInfo()
{
return "牛奶";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 糖
/// </summary>
public class Sugar : IProduct
{
public string ClassName { get; set; }
public string ShowInfo()
{
return "糖";
}
}
8.使用Ioc得到对象
//初始化 指定注册器
IoC.InitializeWith(new DependencyResolverFactory("IOCContainer.UnityDependencyResolver"));
//初始化 使用默认注册器，配置文件中配置，IOCContainer.UnityDependencyResolver 的无参构造函数
//IoC.InitializeWith(new DependencyResolverFactory());
//得到实例
IProduct sugar = IoC.Resolve<IProduct>("Sugar");
string result = sugar.ShowInfo();
Response.Write(result);
来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/qqlin/archive/2012/10/18/2720830.html