Forms

Forms被用来收集用户的输入，它们通常被作为web应用的接口。

在实际中经常用到的相关标签 form, input, textarea, select 以及 option.

form

一个表单元素看起来是这样的

<form action="processingscript.php" method="post">

</form>

action决定表单内容将被发送到哪里。

method决定了数据的发送形式。

input

input是表单世界里的爸爸。

想看它的整个家族，请参看这里。（还有例如文件上传等等）

像br和img一样，input是不包含内容的标签，不需要“关闭”

它具有极为丰富的类型，下面仅仅是最常用的几种，认真看一下就清楚了。

textarea

<textarea rows="5" cols="20">A big load of text</textarea>

A big load of text

select

<select>
    <option>Option 1</option>
    <option>Option 2</option>
    <option value="third option">Option 3</option>
</select>

select需要和option配合使用，

提交值默认是<option></option>中间的文本，如果设置了value，那么提交的是value的值。

select也是有默认选项的，例如，在上面的代码上补充一句

<option selected>Rodent</option>

将呈现如下情景

Names

上面的标签看上去都很漂亮，

然而一旦把表单提交给一个“表单处理脚本”，它们都会被直接无视掉！！！

原因是它们没有名字！所以上面的所有标签都需要修改一下，

改成这样——>>>>> <input type="text" name="talkingsponge">.

例如：

<form action="contactus.php" method="post">

    <p>Name:</p>
    <p><input type="text" name="name" value="Your name"></p>

    <p>Species:</p>
    <p><input name="species"></p>
    <!-- remember: 'type="text"' isn't actually necessary -->

    <p>Comments: </p>
    <p><textarea name="comments" rows="5" cols="20">Your comments</textarea></p>

    <p>Are you:</p>
    <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="male"> Male</p>
    <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="female"> Female</p>
    <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="hermaphrodite"> An hermaphrodite</p>
    <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="asexual"> Asexual</p>

    <p><input type="submit"></p>

</form>

一个完整的 demo

就一篇文章而言，下面的标签已经完全够用了

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

    <head>

        <title>My first web page</title>

        <!-- This is a comment, by the way -->

    </head>

    <body>

        <h1>My first web page</h1>

        <h2>What this is</h2>
        <p>A simple page put together using HTML. <em>I said a simple page put together using HTML.</em> A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML. A simple page put together using HTML.</p>

        <h2>Why this is</h2>
        <ul>
            <li>To learn HTML</li>
            <li>
                To show off
                <ol>
                    <li>To my boss</li>
                    <li>To my friends</li>
                    <li>To my cat</li>
                    <li>To the little talking duck in my brain</li>
                </ol>
            </li>
            <li>Because I have fallen in love with my computer and want to give her some HTML loving.</li>
        </ul>

        <h2>Where to find the tutorial</h2>
        <p>
            <a href="http://www.htmldog.com"><img src="http://www.htmldog.com/badge1.gif" width="120" height="90" alt="HTML Dog"></a>
        </p>

        <h3>Some random table</h3>
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>Row 1, cell 1</td>
                <td>Row 1, cell 2</td>
                <td>Row 1, cell 3</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Row 2, cell 1</td>
                <td>Row 2, cell 2</td>
                <td>Row 2, cell 3</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Row 3, cell 1</td>
                <td>Row 3, cell 2</td>
                <td>Row 3, cell 3</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Row 4, cell 1</td>
                <td>Row 4, cell 2</td>
                <td>Row 4, cell 3</td>
            </tr>
        </table>

        <h3>Some random form</h3>
        <p><strong>Note:</strong> It looks the part, but won't do a damned thing.</p>

        <form action="somescript.php" method="post">

            <p>Name:</p>
            <p><input name="name" value="Your name"></p>

            <p>Comments: </p>
            <p><textarea rows="10" cols="20" name="comments">Your comments</textarea></p>

            <p>Are you:</p>
            <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="male"> Male</p>
            <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="female"> Female</p>
            <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="hermaphrodite"> An hermaphrodite</p>
            <p><input type="radio" name="areyou" value="asexual" checked> Asexual</p>

            <p><input type="submit"></p>

        </form>

    </body>

</html>
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