https://developers.google.com/edu/python/sorting
利用字典来描述数据， 例如： 有log数据， IP地址数据，可以用ip作为key，
dict = {}
dict['a'] = 'alpha'
dict['g'] = 'gamma'
dict['o'] = 'omega'
dict['a'] = 6
对字典的遍历默认是对key的遍历
for key in dict: print key <==> for key in dict.keys(): print key
列举字典所有的键
dict.keys()
列举排过序的key 和值
for key in sorted(dict.keys()):
print key, dict[key]
列举键值对.items 生成二元组形式
dict.items() ## [('a', 'alpha'), ('o', 'omega'), ('g', 'gamma')]
获取每个键和值
for k, v in dict.items():
print k, '>', v
列举字典所有的值
## Get the .values（） list:
dict.values() ##
File：
The special mode 'rU' is the "Universal" option for text files where it's smart about converting different line-endings so they always come through as a simple '
'.
# Echo the contents of a file
f = open('foo.txt', 'rU')
for line in f: ## iterates over the lines of the file
print line, ## trailing , so print does not add an end-of-line char
## since 'line' already includes the end-of line.
f.close()
Files Unicode
The "codecs" module provides support for reading a unicode file.
import codecs
f = codecs.open('foo.txt', 'rU', 'utf-8')
for line in f:
# here line is a *unicode* string
For writing, use f.write() since print does not fully support unicode.
http://www.saltycrane.com/blog/2008/01/saving-python-dict-to-file-using-pickle/