Bootstrap(前端框架)

大纲

1. Bootstrap

Bootstrap中文网
-》Bootstrap3中文文档-》全局CSS样式 即可查询CSS样式(CSS直通车
-》Bootstrap3中文文档-》组件样式 即可查询组件 (组件直通车
-》Bootstrap3中文文档-》JavaScript插件 即可查询JavaScript插件(JavaScript插件直通车

Bootstrap:

1. 概念: 一个前端开发的框架,Bootstrap,来自 Twitter,是目前很受欢迎的前端框架。Bootstrap 是基于 HTML、CSS、JavaScript 的,它简洁灵活,使得 Web 开发更加快捷。
	* 框架:一个半成品软件,开发人员可以在框架基础上,在进行开发,简化编码。
	* 好处:
		1. 定义了很多的css样式和js插件。我们开发人员直接可以使用这些样式和插件得到丰富的页面效果。
		2. 响应式布局。
			* 同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备。

2. 快速入门
	1. 下载Bootstrap
	2. 在项目中将这三个文件夹复制
	3. 创建html页面,引入必要的资源文件
                    jquery-3.2.1.min.js一般放在js文件夹下

	<!DOCTYPE html>
	<html lang="zh-CN">
	<head>
	    <meta charset="utf-8">
	    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
	    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
	    <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
	    <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title>
	
	    <!-- Bootstrap -->
	    <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
	
	    <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery,所以必须放在前边) -->
	    <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
	    <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 -->
	    <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
	</head>
	<body>
	<h1>你好,世界!</h1>
	
	</body>
	</html>

响应式布局

* 同一套页面可以兼容不同分辨率的设备。
* 实现:依赖于栅格系统:将一行平均分成12个格子,可以指定元素占几个格子
* 步骤:
	1. 定义容器。相当于之前的table、
		* 容器分类:
			1. container:两边留白
			2. container-fluid:每一种设备都是100%宽度
	2. 定义行。相当于之前的tr   样式:row
	3. 定义元素。指定该元素在不同的设备上,所占的格子数目。样式:col-设备代号-格子数目
		* 设备代号:
			1. xs:超小屏幕 手机 (<768px):col-xs-12
			2. sm:小屏幕 平板 (≥768px)
			3. md:中等屏幕 桌面显示器 (≥992px)
			4. lg:大屏幕 大桌面显示器 (≥1200px)

	* 注意:
		1. 一行中如果格子数目超过12,则超出部分自动换行。
		2. 栅格类属性可以向上兼容。栅格类适用于与屏幕宽度大于或等于分界点大小的设备。
		3. 如果真实设备宽度小于了设置栅格类属性的设备代码的最小值,会一个元素沾满一整行。

CSS样式和JS插件

  1. 全局CSS样式:
    class="btn btn-default"
    例:    <a class="btn btn-default" href="#" role="button">Link</a>
            <button class="btn btn-default" type="submit">Button</button>
            <input class="btn btn-default" type="button" value="Input">
            <input class="btn btn-default" type="submit" value="Submit">
            
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">(默认样式)Default</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">(首选项)Primary</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-success">(成功)Success</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-info">(一般信息)Info</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-warning">(警告)Warning</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger">(危险)Danger</button>
            <button type="button" class="btn btn-link">(链接)Link</button>
*  class="img-responsive":图片在任意尺寸都占100%
    *  图片形状
    *  <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-rounded">:方形
    *  <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-circle"> : 圆形
    *  <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-thumbnail"> :相框
        <img src="..." alt="..." class="img-responsive img-thumbnail">
    * table
    * table-bordered 边框
    * table-hover 选中
    例:   <table class="table table-bordered table-hover">
            <tr>
                <td>编号</td>
                <td>姓名</td>
                <td>年龄</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>001</td>
                <td>张三</td>
                <td>23</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>002</td>
                <td>李四</td>
                <td>18</td>
            </tr>
            </table>
* 给表单项添加:class="form-control"
    例:      <form>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="exampleInputEmail1">Email address</label>
                    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail1" placeholder="Email">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="exampleInputPassword1">Password</label>
                    <input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword1" placeholder="Password">
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                    <label for="exampleInputFile">File input</label>
                    <input type="file" id="exampleInputFile">
                    <p class="help-block">Example block-level help text here.</p>
                </div>
                <div class="checkbox">
                    <label>
                        <input type="checkbox"> Check me out
                    </label>
                </div>
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
             </form>
  1. 组件:
  • 导航条
    navbar-default 可改为 navbar-inverse (黑色)
<nav class="navbar navbar-default">
        <div class="container-fluid">
            <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
            <div class="navbar-header">
                <!--定义汉堡按钮-->
                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                </button>
                <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a>
            </div>

            <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
            <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                    <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">One more separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
                <form class="navbar-form navbar-left">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Search">
                    </div>
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
                </form>
                <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
                    <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                    <li class="dropdown">
                        <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Dropdown <span class="caret"></span></a>
                        <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                            <li><a href="#">Action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Another action</a></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Something else here</a></li>
                            <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                            <li><a href="#">Separated link</a></li>
                        </ul>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
        </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
    </nav>
<nav aria-label="Page navigation">
    <ul class="pagination">
        <!--禁用 disabled-->
        <li class="disabled">
            <a href="#" aria-label="Previous">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span>
            </a>
        </li>
        <li><a href="#">1</a></li>
        <!--选中 active-->
        <li class="active"><a href="#">2</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">3</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">4</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">5</a></li>
        <li>
            <a href="#" aria-label="Next">
                <span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span>
            </a>
        </li>
    </ul>
</nav>
  1. 插件:
    * 轮播图
<div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
        <!-- Indicators -->
        <ol class="carousel-indicators">
            <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
            <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li>
            <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li>
        </ol>

        <!-- Wrapper for slides -->
        <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
            <div class="item active">
                <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="...">
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="...">
            </div>
            <div class="item">
                <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="...">
            </div>
            ...
        </div>

        <!-- Controls -->
        <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev">
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span>
            <span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
        </a>
        <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next">
            <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>
            <span class="sr-only">Next</span>
        </a>
    </div>

案例

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面,任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后! -->
    <title>Bootstrap HelloWorld</title>

    <!-- Bootstrap -->
    <link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!-- jQuery (Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件都依赖 jQuery,所以必须放在前边) -->
    <script src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
    <!-- 加载 Bootstrap 的所有 JavaScript 插件。你也可以根据需要只加载单个插件。 -->
    <script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
    <style>
        .paddtop{
            padding-top: 10px;
        }
        .search-btn{
            float: left;
            border:1px solid #ffc900;
             90px;
            height: 35px;
            background-color:#ffc900 ;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 35px;//垂直居中
            margin-top: 15px;
        }

        .search-input{
            float: left;
            border:2px solid #ffc900;
             400px;
            height: 35px;
            padding-left: 5px;
            margin-top: 15px;
        }
        .jx{
            border-bottom: 2px solid #ffc900;
            padding: 5px;
        }
        .company{
            height: 40px;
            background-color: #ffc900;
            text-align: center;
            line-height:40px ;
            font-size: 8px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

   <!-- 1.页眉部分-->
   <header class="container-fluid">
       <div class="row">
           <img src="img/top_banner.jpg" class="img-responsive">
       </div>
       <div class="row paddtop">
           <div class="col-md-3">
               <img src="img/logo.jpg" class="img-responsive">
           </div>
           <div class="col-md-5">
               <input class="search-input" placeholder="请输入线路名称">
               <a class="search-btn" href="#">搜索</a>
           </div>
           <div class="col-md-4">
               <img src="img/hotel_tel.png" class="img-responsive">
           </div>

       </div>
       <!--导航栏-->
       <div class="row">
           <nav class="navbar navbar-default">
               <div class="container-fluid">
                   <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
                   <div class="navbar-header">
                       <!-- 定义汉堡按钮 -->
                       <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
                           <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                           <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                           <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                           <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                       </button>
                       <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">首页</a>
                   </div>

                   <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->
                   <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1">
                       <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                           <li class="active"><a href="#">Link <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li>
                           <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                           <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                           <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                           <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>
                           <li><a href="#">Link</a></li>

                       </ul>
                   </div><!-- /.navbar-collapse -->
               </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
           </nav>

       </div>

       <!--轮播图-->
       <div class="row">
           <div id="carousel-example-generic" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">
               <!-- Indicators -->
               <ol class="carousel-indicators">
                   <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
                   <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="1"></li>
                   <li data-target="#carousel-example-generic" data-slide-to="2"></li>
               </ol>

               <!-- Wrapper for slides -->
               <div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">
                   <div class="item active">
                       <img src="img/banner_1.jpg" alt="...">
                   </div>
                   <div class="item">
                       <img src="img/banner_2.jpg" alt="...">
                   </div>
                   <div class="item">
                       <img src="img/banner_3.jpg" alt="...">
                   </div>

               </div>

               <!-- Controls -->
               <a class="left carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="prev">
                   <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span>
                   <span class="sr-only">Previous</span>
               </a>
               <a class="right carousel-control" href="#carousel-example-generic" role="button" data-slide="next">
                   <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>
                   <span class="sr-only">Next</span>
               </a>
           </div>
       </div>
   </header>
   <!-- 2.主体部分-->
   <div class="container">
        <div class="row jx">
            <img src="img/icon_5.jpg">
            <span>黑马精选</span>
        </div>

       <div class="row paddtop">
           <div class="col-md-3">
                <div class="thumbnail">
                    <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                    <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                    <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                </div>
           </div>
           <div class="col-md-3">
               <div class="thumbnail">
                   <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                   <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                   <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
               </div>

           </div>
           <div class="col-md-3">

               <div class="thumbnail">
                   <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                   <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                   <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
               </div>
           </div>
           <div class="col-md-3">

               <div class="thumbnail">
                   <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                   <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                   <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
               </div>
           </div>
       </div>
       <div class="row jx">
           <img src="img/icon_6.jpg">
           <span>国内游</span>
       </div>
       <div class="row paddtop">
           <div class="col-md-4">
               <img src="img/guonei_1.jpg">
           </div>
           <div class="col-md-8">
               <div class="row">
                   <div class="col-md-4">
                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>
                   </div>
                   <div class="col-md-4">
                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>

                   </div>
                   <div class="col-md-4">

                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>
                   </div>

               </div>
               <div class="row">
                   <div class="col-md-4">
                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>
                   </div>
                   <div class="col-md-4">
                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>

                   </div>
                   <div class="col-md-4">

                       <div class="thumbnail">
                           <img src="img/jiangxuan_3.jpg" alt="">
                           <p>上海直飞三亚5天4晚自由行(春节预售+亲子/蜜月/休闲游首选+豪华酒店任选+接送机)</p>
                           <font color="red">&yen; 699</font>
                       </div>
                   </div>
               </div>
           </div>
       </div>
   </div>
   <!-- 3.页脚部分-->
   <footer class="container-fluid">
       <div class="row">
           <img src="img/footer_service.png" class="img-responsive">
       </div>
       <div class="row company">
           江苏传智播客教育科技股份有限公司 版权所有Copyright 2006-2018, All Rights Reserved 苏ICP备16007882
       </div>

   </footer>
</body>
</html>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xingkongcanghai/p/14294821.html