51nod 1743 雪之国度

题意:

给出一个有n(<=1e5)个点,m(<=5e5)条无向边的图,然后有q个询问(<=1e5),每次询问两个点u,v,询问他们之间两条及其以上没有重复边的路径,如果有,那么就选出两条路径使得组成这两条路径的边的最大值最小。

题解:

因为要求两条路径使得边的最大值最小,那么可以首先保证的是一条路径的边最小,那么就可以考虑先求一棵最小生成树以保证一条路径最小。

那么现在考虑将非树边的边从小到大加入生成树中,那么必定会在这条边的两个端点的LCA处形成一个环,环中的任意两点都会有两条路径,又因为是从小到大加入的,那么当前必定为最优解。更新环中的所有的点的值,更新过的不再更新。

对于询问u, v那么可以倍增到LCA,求路径最大值就好啦~

代码:

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

const int N = 1e6 + 7;
const int INF = (1 << 31) - 1;
int dep[N], anc[20][N], maxi[20][N], w[N], vis[N], n, m, q, pa[N];
struct edge {int u, v;} E[N];

vector <int> e[N];

int find (int x)
{
	return x == pa[x] ? x : pa[x] = find (pa[x]);
}

bool cmp (edge a, edge b) 
{
	return abs(w[a.u] - w[a.v]) < abs(w[b.u] - w[b.v]);
}

void Dfs (int u, int pre) 
{
	anc[0][u] = pre, dep[u] = dep[pre] + 1;
	for (int i = 0; i < e[u].size(); ++i) 
	{
		int v = e[u][i];
		if (v != pre) Dfs (v, u);
	} 
}

void getans(int u, int v)
{
	int d = 0;
	if (dep[u] < dep[v]) swap (u, v);
	for (int i = 18; i >= 0; --i)
	{
		if (dep[anc[i][u]] >= dep[v]) 
		{
			d = max (d, maxi[i][u]);
			u = anc[i][u];
		}
	}
	while (u != v)
	{
		for (int i = 18; i >= 0; --i)
		{
			if (anc[i][u] == anc[i][v] && i) continue;
			d = max (d, max (maxi[i][u], maxi[i][v]));
			u = anc[i][u], v = anc[i][v];
		}
	}
	if (d == INF) puts("infinitely");
	else printf ("%d
", d);
}

int main () 
{
	scanf ("%d%d%d", &n, &m, &q);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) scanf ("%d", &w[i]);
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) 
		scanf ("%d%d", &E[i].u, &E[i].v);
	sort (E + 1, E + 1 + m, cmp);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) pa[i] = i;
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) 
	{
		int u = find (E[i].u), v = find (E[i].v);
		if (u != v) 
		{
			vis[i] = 1;
			pa[u] = v;
			e[E[i].u].push_back(E[i].v);
			e[E[i].v].push_back(E[i].u);
		}
	}
	Dfs (1, 0);
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) pa[i] = i, maxi[0][i] = INF;
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i)
	{
		if (vis[i]) continue;
		int u = find (E[i].u), v = find (E[i].v);
		while (u != v)
		{
			if (dep[u] < dep[v]) swap(u, v);
			maxi[0][u] = abs (w[E[i].u] - w[E[i].v]);
			pa[u] = anc[0][u];
			u = find(u);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= 18; ++i) 
	{
		for (int j = 1; j <= n; ++j)
		{
			anc[i][j] = anc[i - 1][anc[i - 1][j]];
			maxi[i][j] = max (maxi[i - 1][j], maxi[i - 1][anc[i - 1][j]]);
		}
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= q; ++i)
	{
		int u, v;
		scanf ("%d%d", &u, &v);
		getans(u, v);
	}
	return 0;;
}

  

总结:

既然要求两条路,那么首先需要保证第一条路QAQ

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xgtao/p/6017525.html