上一篇简单介绍了Quartz.net的概念和基本用法,这一篇记录一下Quartz.net通过数据库持久化Trigger和Jobs等数据,并简单配置Quartz.net的集群。
1.JobStore介绍
学习持久化和集群前我们先了解一下Quartz.net中的JobStore,JobStore用于追踪任务调度相关的所有数据,如Job,Trigger,Calendar等。Quartz.net 提供了两种JobStore:RAMJobStore,AdoJobStore。
RAMJobStore
RAMJobStore是最简单的JobStore,顾名思义这种JobStore将所有的数据都存放在内存中,这也是它运行速度快的原因,但是弊端也很明显:一旦应用结束或者遇到断电所有的数据都会丢失。RAMJobStore是默认的JobStore,我们也已通过下边的代码来显式设置使用的JobStore为RAMJobStore。
quartz.jobStore.type = Quartz.Simpl.RAMJobStore, Quartz
AdoJobStore
AdoJobStore通过Ado.net将数据存储在数据库中,因此可以解决断电数据丢失的问题,但是因为要读写数据库所以效率相对较低。AdoJobStore官方支持的数据库有:MySql,SqlServer,Sqllite,Oracle等,当前AdoJobStore只有一种类型JobStoreTX,这一点不同于Jave版本,java版本还有JobStoreCMT类型。
2.Db持久化和集群配置
Quartz.net配置数据库持久化和集群比较容易,可以分为简单的两步:
第一步:添加数据库表
我们首先要在数据库中添加一系列的表(在Quartz项目的database/tables文件夹下可以找到各种数据库表的生成脚本,Git地址https://github.com/quartznet/quartznet/tree/master/database/tables)。以Sqlserver为例,Sqlserver的数据表生成脚本如下:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
-- this script is for SQL Server and Azure SQL create database [QuartzDb] go USE [QuartzDb] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISFOREIGNKEY') = 1) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] DROP CONSTRAINT FK_QRTZ_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISFOREIGNKEY') = 1) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] DROP CONSTRAINT FK_QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISFOREIGNKEY') = 1) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] DROP CONSTRAINT FK_QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISFOREIGNKEY') = 1) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS] DROP CONSTRAINT FK_QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS]') AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS]')) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FK_QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS]') AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS]')) ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS] IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_CALENDARS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CALENDARS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS]') AND type in (N'U')) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_LISTENERS] IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_LOCKS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_LOCKS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS]') AND type in (N'U')) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGER_LISTENERS] IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM dbo.sysobjects WHERE id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS]') AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'ISUSERTABLE') = 1) DROP TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CALENDARS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [CALENDAR_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (200) NOT NULL , [CALENDAR] [VARBINARY](MAX) NOT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [CRON_EXPRESSION] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TIME_ZONE_ID] [NVARCHAR] (80) ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [ENTRY_ID] [NVARCHAR] (140) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [INSTANCE_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (200) NOT NULL , [FIRED_TIME] [BIGINT] NOT NULL , [SCHED_TIME] [BIGINT] NOT NULL , [PRIORITY] [INTEGER] NOT NULL , [STATE] [NVARCHAR] (16) NOT NULL, [JOB_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NULL , [JOB_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NULL , [IS_NONCONCURRENT] BIT NULL , [REQUESTS_RECOVERY] BIT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [INSTANCE_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (200) NOT NULL , [LAST_CHECKIN_TIME] [BIGINT] NOT NULL , [CHECKIN_INTERVAL] [BIGINT] NOT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_LOCKS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [LOCK_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (40) NOT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [JOB_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [JOB_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [DESCRIPTION] [NVARCHAR] (250) NULL , [JOB_CLASS_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (250) NOT NULL , [IS_DURABLE] BIT NOT NULL , [IS_NONCONCURRENT] BIT NOT NULL , [IS_UPDATE_DATA] BIT NOT NULL , [REQUESTS_RECOVERY] BIT NOT NULL , [JOB_DATA] [VARBINARY](MAX) NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [REPEAT_COUNT] [INTEGER] NOT NULL , [REPEAT_INTERVAL] [BIGINT] NOT NULL , [TIMES_TRIGGERED] [INTEGER] NOT NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [STR_PROP_1] [NVARCHAR] (512) NULL, [STR_PROP_2] [NVARCHAR] (512) NULL, [STR_PROP_3] [NVARCHAR] (512) NULL, [INT_PROP_1] [INT] NULL, [INT_PROP_2] [INT] NULL, [LONG_PROP_1] [BIGINT] NULL, [LONG_PROP_2] [BIGINT] NULL, [DEC_PROP_1] [NUMERIC] (13,4) NULL, [DEC_PROP_2] [NUMERIC] (13,4) NULL, [BOOL_PROP_1] BIT NULL, [BOOL_PROP_2] BIT NULL, [TIME_ZONE_ID] [NVARCHAR] (80) NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [BLOB_DATA] [VARBINARY](MAX) NULL ) GO CREATE TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (120) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [JOB_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [JOB_GROUP] [NVARCHAR] (150) NOT NULL , [DESCRIPTION] [NVARCHAR] (250) NULL , [NEXT_FIRE_TIME] [BIGINT] NULL , [PREV_FIRE_TIME] [BIGINT] NULL , [PRIORITY] [INTEGER] NULL , [TRIGGER_STATE] [NVARCHAR] (16) NOT NULL , [TRIGGER_TYPE] [NVARCHAR] (8) NOT NULL , [START_TIME] [BIGINT] NOT NULL , [END_TIME] [BIGINT] NULL , [CALENDAR_NAME] [NVARCHAR] (200) NULL , [MISFIRE_INSTR] [INTEGER] NULL , [JOB_DATA] [VARBINARY](MAX) NULL ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CALENDARS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_CALENDARS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [CALENDAR_NAME] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [ENTRY_ID] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_PAUSED_TRIGGER_GRPS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_SCHEDULER_STATE] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [INSTANCE_NAME] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_LOCKS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_LOCKS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [LOCK_NAME] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [JOB_NAME], [JOB_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS WITH NOCHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_QRTZ_BLOB_TRIGGERS] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_CRON_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS] FOREIGN KEY ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_SIMPLE_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS] FOREIGN KEY ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_SIMPROP_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_TRIGGERS] FOREIGN KEY ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] ( [SCHED_NAME], [TRIGGER_NAME], [TRIGGER_GROUP] ) ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[QRTZ_TRIGGERS] ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_QRTZ_TRIGGERS_QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] FOREIGN KEY ( [SCHED_NAME], [JOB_NAME], [JOB_GROUP] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[QRTZ_JOB_DETAILS] ( [SCHED_NAME], [JOB_NAME], [JOB_GROUP] ) GO CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_J ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_JG ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_C ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,CALENDAR_NAME) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_G ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_N_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_N_G_STATE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NEXT_FIRE_TIME ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,NEXT_FIRE_TIME) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_STATE,NEXT_FIRE_TIME) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_MISFIRE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST_MISFIRE ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_STATE) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_T_NFT_ST_MISFIRE_GRP ON QRTZ_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,MISFIRE_INSTR,NEXT_FIRE_TIME,TRIGGER_GROUP,TRIGGER_STATE) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_TRIG_INST_NAME ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_INST_JOB_REQ_RCVRY ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,INSTANCE_NAME,REQUESTS_RECOVERY) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_J_G ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_NAME,JOB_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_JG ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,JOB_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_T_G ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) CREATE INDEX IDX_QRTZ_FT_TG ON QRTZ_FIRED_TRIGGERS(SCHED_NAME,TRIGGER_GROUP) GO
在Sqlserver管理器中新建查询,粘贴上边的脚本,运行即可生成Quartz的数据库表,数据库的结构如下:
第二部:配置QuartzFactory属性,直接看代码:
class Program { public static void Main(string[] args) { NameValueCollection pars = new NameValueCollection { //scheduler名字 ["quartz.scheduler.instanceName"] = "MyScheduler", //线程池个数 ["quartz.threadPool.threadCount"] = "20", //类型为JobStoreXT,事务 ["quartz.jobStore.type"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.JobStoreTX, Quartz", //JobDataMap中的数据都是字符串 //["quartz.jobStore.useProperties"] = "true", //数据源名称 ["quartz.jobStore.dataSource"] = "myDS", //数据表名前缀 ["quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix"] = "QRTZ_", //使用Sqlserver的Ado操作代理类 ["quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateType"] = "Quartz.Impl.AdoJobStore.SqlServerDelegate, Quartz", //数据源连接字符串 ["quartz.dataSource.myDS.connectionString"] = "Server=[yourserver];Database=quartzDb;Uid=sa;Pwd=[yourpass]", //数据源的数据库 ["quartz.dataSource.myDS.provider"] = "SqlServer", //序列化类型 ["quartz.serializer.type"] = "json",//binary //自动生成scheduler实例ID,主要为了保证集群中的实例具有唯一标识 ["quartz.scheduler.instanceId"] = "AUTO", //是否配置集群 ["quartz.jobStore.clustered"] = "true", }; StdSchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory(pars); IScheduler scheduler = factory.GetScheduler().Result; scheduler.Start(); IJobDetail job = JobBuilder.Create<MyJob>() .WithIdentity("job1", "g1") .Build(); ITrigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.Create().WithIdentity("trigger1", "g1").WithCronSchedule("0/1 * * * * ?").Build(); if (scheduler.CheckExists(job.Key).Result) { scheduler.DeleteJob(job.Key).Wait(); } scheduler.ScheduleJob(job, trigger).Wait(); } } public class MyJob : IJob { public async Task Execute(IJobExecutionContext context) { await Task.Run(() => { Console.WriteLine($"hello! 当前时间:{DateTime.Now}"); Console.WriteLine($"触发时间:{context.ScheduledFireTimeUtc?.LocalDateTime},下次触发时间:{context.NextFireTimeUtc?.LocalDateTime}"); Console.WriteLine(); }); } }
上边的代码配置信息在代码中都有注释,这个栗子实现了一个简单的任务调度:每秒打印一次任务的触发时间和下次触发时间。然后运行项目即可,到这里Db持久化和集群都配置完成了。运行程序Quartz会自动在数据库中记录调度任务相关的数据
Quartz自动向数据库写入的trigger信息:
Quartz自动向数据库写入的Job信息:
程序执行结果:
到这里我们看到了Db持久化已经实现了,但是上边的栗子,我们在代码中通过 ["quartz.jobStore.clustered"] = "true" 配置了集群,这个有什么用呢?
首先添加一个debug文件夹的副本
然后运行这两个文件夹下的xxx.exe文件(如果使用的是.net core,生成的是xxx.dll文件,进入dll文件所在目录,命令行运行 dotnet xxx.dll 即可启动),运行结果如下:
如上所示,运行两个xxx.exe(core中是dll)后,原文件和副本在同一时间只有一个在运行,所以我们调度的任务没有重复执行。如果我们关掉正在执行的那个程序,那么另一个程序会开始执行。我们可以得出结论:Quartz的集群并不会造成任务重复执行,而且当一个服务器挂了后,另一个服务器会自动开始执行,这种机制大大增加了任务调度的容灾性能。
3.一些需要注意的地方
1.Quartz3.x支持async和await,为提高性能,我们最好将Job中的Execute方法都写成异步方法;
2.不管使用的是RAMJobStore还是AdoJobStore,千万不要通过代码来直接操作JobStore(比如我们直接通过代码修改数据库中的数据),JobStore让Quartz自动操作即可。无论使用场景是web应用还是桌面程序,我们只使用Scheduler提供的接口方法来实现Job和Trigger等的增/删/改/查/暂停/恢复即可。