258. Add Digits


 

Given a non-negative integernum, repeatedly add all its digits until the result has only one digit.

For example:

Givennum = 38, the process is like:3 + 8 = 11,1 + 1 = 2. Since2has only one digit, return it.

Follow up:
Could you do it without any loop/recursion in O(1) runtime?

题目让求各个数位的和,直到和小于10为止,

方法一

直观的想法就是直接相加,先想一下如何求各数位的和

while(num != 0)
{
    tmp += num % 10;
    num /= 10;
}
 
下面是完整代码
class Solution {
    public int addDigits(int num) {
        
        
        while(num / 10 > 0)
        {   int sum = 0;   ////注意定义变量的位置
            while(num != 0)
            {
                sum += num % 10;
                num /= 10;
            }
            num = sum;
        }
        return num;
    }
}
 

方法二

题目中说了不使用循环且时间复杂度为o(1),可以猜测必定有某种规律,题目是Add Digits,实际上这在数学上面被称为数根,先看下面例子:
1    1
2    2
3    3
4    4
5    5
6    6
7    7
8    8    
9    9    
10    1
11    2
12    3    
13    4
14    5
15    6
16    7
17    8
18    9
19    1
20    2
 
这20个数的数根有循环,且循环周期为9,循环的计算公式为(n-1)% + 1,所以该题目i可以使用一行代码搞定
class Solution {
public:
    int addDigits(int num) {
        return (num - 1) % 9 + 1;  //周期第一位为1,若为2 则 + 2
    }
};
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wxshi/p/7598402.html