和菜鸟一起学linux之双向链表list head的简单实例

       经常在linux内核中看到list head这个链表头,有时候看着也不是很懂,很早就打算拎出来好好理解理解了。这次趁着编写SDK后有点小空闲,就拿出来晒晒吧。

       简单的链表实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct list_head
{
       struct list_head *next, *prev;
};

 

#define INIT_LIST_HEAD(ptr) do{ \
       (ptr)->next = (ptr); (ptr)->prev = (ptr); \
       }while(0)
      

#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
      for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next) 

#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t)& ((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)     

#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({\
       const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);\
          (type*)((char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member));})  

 

#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
       container_of(ptr, type, member)

 

#define list_for_each_safe(pos, n, head) \
      for (pos = (head)->next, n = pos->next; pos != (head); \
              pos = n, n = pos->next)
 

static inline void __list_del(struct list_head * prev, struct list_head * next)
{
       next->prev = prev;
       prev->next = next;
}

 

static inline void __list_del_entry(struct list_head *entry)
{
       __list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
}

static inline void list_del_init(struct list_head *entry)
{
      __list_del_entry(entry);
      INIT_LIST_HEAD(entry);
}
      
static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new1,
                           struct list_head *prev,
                          struct list_head *next)
{

       next->prev = new1;
       new1->next = next;
       new1->prev = prev;
       prev->next = new1;

} 

static inline void list_add(struct list_head *new1, struct list_head *head)
{
       __list_add(new1, head, head->next);

} 

struct person
{
       int age;
       int weight;
       struct list_head list; 
};

int main(void)
{
       struct person *tmp;
       struct list_head *pos, *n;
       int age_i, weight_j;
       struct person person_head;

       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&person_head.list);
    
       for(age_i = 10, weight_j = 35; age_i < 40; age_i += 5, weight_j +=5)
       {
              tmp = (struct person *)malloc(sizeof(struct person));
              tmp->age = age_i;
              tmp->weight = weight_j;
              list_add(&(tmp->list), &person_head.list);
       }     

       printf("\n");

       printf("============ print the list =============\n");

       list_for_each(pos, &person_head.list)
       {
              tmp = list_entry(pos, struct person, list);
              printf("age:%d,      weight:    %d \n", tmp->age, tmp->weight);
       }
       printf("\n");              

       printf("======== print list after delete a node which age is 15 =======\n");

       list_for_each_safe(pos, n, &person_head.list)
       {
              tmp = list_entry(pos, struct person, list);
              if(tmp->age== 15)
              {
                     list_del_init(pos);
                     free(tmp);
              }
       }

       list_for_each(pos, &person_head.list)
       {
              tmp = list_entry(pos, struct person, list);
              printf("age:%d,      weight:%d\n", tmp->age, tmp->weight);
       }

       return 0;
}


 

下面还是分析下这个list head中的各个函数和宏定义吧。

1、  INIT_LIST_HEAD

这个就是初始化链表头了,指针都指向本身

2、  list_for_each

这个就是遍历了函数,看看函数原型就知道是for循环了。和一般的单链表的遍历没什么多大区别。

3、  container_of

这个在以前的blog中有写用法

4、  list_entry

这个就是上面的container_of了,具体的含义就是根据list这个链表头的指针得到整个定义的结构体的指针。

5、  list_for_each_safe

这个和list_for_each的功能其实是一样的,只是他多了一个n中间变量,因为可以pos这个指针被删除了,pos的指向就会变了,而引入了n这个变量,那么就不会出错了,就安全了。所以这里多了一个safe

6、  list_del_init

删除一个节点

7、  list_add

插入一个节点

 

     函数主要的功能也讲完了,实现方法也可以根据main函数看出来。这里只是用了一部分的函数和宏,具体的可以参照linux/list.h中。差不多知道这些也够用了,等碰到问题了,再学习。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wuyida/p/6300048.html