IOS开发基础知识--碎片47

1:解决ios静态库中的类别(category)在工程中不能使用

解决方法为:找到 target 的图标,更改其 Other Linker Flags 为: -all_load 或 -force_load
-force_load,后跟随一个文件位置,可以更精确地加载所需文件。

简单点说就是,Objective-C 的动态特性使得需要,为链接器添加一个标签(设置 Other Linker Flags 为 -ObjC)来解决通过 Category 向类添加方法的问题。
但这个标签 -ObjC 在 64 位 和 iOS 中有问题,需要使用 -all_load 或 -force_load。

总结如下:
如果,第三库中没有 category,Other Linker Flags 无需设置
如果,第三方库中有 category,需要设置为 -ObjC
如果,某些 Xcode 版本中,出现问题,修改设置为 -all_load

2:画虚线的两种方式

a:重写drawRect

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{
     [super drawRect:rect];
     CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
     //设置虚线颜色 
     CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(currentContext, [UIColor BlackColor].CGColor); 
     //设置虚线宽度 
     CGContextSetLineWidth(currentContext, 1); 
     //设置虚线绘制起点 
     CGContextMoveToPoint(currentContext, 0, 0); 
     //设置虚线绘制终点
     CGContextAddLineToPoint(currentContext, self.frame.origin.x + self.frame.size.width, 0);
     //设置虚线排列的宽度间隔:下面的arr中的数字表示先绘制3个点再绘制1个点
     CGFloat arr[] = {3,1}; 
     //下面最后一个参数“2”代表排列的个数。   
     CGContextSetLineDash(currentContext, 0, arr, 2); 
     CGContextDrawPath(currentContext, kCGPathStroke); 
}
b:通过UIImage的绘图方法来绘制

// 画虚线
// 创建一个imageView 高度是你想要的虚线的高度 一般设为2
 _lineImg = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, kScreenWidth, 2)]; 
// 调用方法 返回的iamge就是虚线 
_lineImg.image = [self drawLineByImageView:_lineImg]; 
// 添加到控制器的view上 
[self.view addSubview:_lineImg];


// 返回虚线image的方法
- (UIImage *)drawLineByImageView:(UIImageView *)imageView{ 
      UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(imageView.frame.size); //开始画线 划线的frame 
      [imageView.image drawInRect:CGRectMake(0, 0, imageView.frame.size.width, imageView.frame.size.height)]; 
      //设置线条终点形状 
      CGContextSetLineCap(UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(), kCGLineCapRound); 
      // 5是每个虚线的长度 1是高度 
      float lengths[] = {5,1}; 
      CGContextRef line = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); 
      // 设置颜色 
      CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(line, [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.408 alpha:1.000].CGColor); 
      CGContextSetLineDash(line, 0, lengths, 2); //画虚线
      CGContextMoveToPoint(line, 0.0, 2.0); //开始画线
      CGContextAddLineToPoint(line, kScreenWidth - 10, 2.0);       

      CGContextStrokePath(line); 
      // UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()返回的就是image 
      return UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
  }

3:CGContextRef介绍

Graphics Context是图形上下文,也可以理解为一块画布,我们可以在上面进行绘画操作,绘制完成后,将画布放到我们的view中显示即可,view看作是一个画框.

1:写文字

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    //获得当前画板
    CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    //颜色
    CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(ctx, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0);
    //画线的宽度
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 0.25);
    //开始写字
    [@"我是文字" drawInRect:CGRectMake(10, 10, 100, 30) withFont:font];  
    [super drawRect:rect];
}


2:画直线

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    //获得当前画板
    CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    //颜色
    CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(ctx, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0);
    //画线的宽度
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 0.25);
    //顶部横线
    CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, 0, 10);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, self.bounds.size.width, 10);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    [super drawRect:rect];
}


3:画圆

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    //获得当前画板
    CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    //颜色
    CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(ctx, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0);
    //画线的宽度
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 0.25);
    //void CGContextAddArc(CGContextRef c,CGFloat x, CGFloat y,CGFloat radius,CGFloat startAngle,CGFloat endAngle, int clockwise)1弧度=180°/π (≈57.3°) 度=弧度×180°/π 360°=360×π/180 =2π 弧度
    // x,y为圆点坐标,radius半径,startAngle为开始的弧度,endAngle为 结束的弧度,clockwise 0为顺时针,1为逆时针。
    CGContextAddArc(ctx, 100, 20, 20, 0, 2*M_PI, 0); //添加一个圆
    CGContextDrawPath(ctx, kCGPathStroke); //绘制路径
    [super drawRect:rect];
}

4:画矩形

- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect
{
    //获得当前画板
    CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    //颜色
    CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(ctx, 0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0);
    //画线的宽度
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 0.25);
    CGContextAddRect(ctx, CGRectMake(2, 2, 30, 30));
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    [super drawRect:rect];
}

 4:判断当前ViewController是push还是present的方式显示的

NSArray *viewcontrollers=self.navigationController.viewControllers;

if (viewcontrollers.count > 1)
{
    if ([viewcontrollers objectAtIndex:viewcontrollers.count - 1] == self)
    {
        //push方式
       [self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];
    }
}
else
{
    //present方式
    [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}

5:获取实际使用的LaunchImage图片

- (NSString *)getLaunchImageName
{
    CGSize viewSize = self.window.bounds.size;
    // 竖屏    
    NSString *viewOrientation = @"Portrait";  
    NSString *launchImageName = nil;    
    NSArray* imagesDict = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] infoDictionary] valueForKey:@"UILaunchImages"];
    for (NSDictionary* dict in imagesDict)
    {
        CGSize imageSize = CGSizeFromString(dict[@"UILaunchImageSize"]);
        if (CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, viewSize) && [viewOrientation isEqualToString:dict[@"UILaunchImageOrientation"]])
        {
            launchImageName = dict[@"UILaunchImageName"];        
        }    
    }    
    return launchImageName;
}

6:判断对象是否遵循了某协议

if ([self.selectedController conformsToProtocol:@protocol(RefreshPtotocol)])
{
     [self.selectedController performSelector:@selector(onTriggerRefresh)];
}

7:判断view是不是指定视图的子视图

BOOL isView = [textView isDescendantOfView:self.view];

8:阿拉伯数字转中文格式

+(NSString *)translation:(NSString *)arebic
{  
    NSString *str = arebic;
    NSArray *arabic_numerals = @[@"1",@"2",@"3",@"4",@"5",@"6",@"7",@"8",@"9",@"0"];
    NSArray *chinese_numerals = @[@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@""];
    NSArray *digits = @[@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"",@"亿",@"",@"",@"",@""];
    NSDictionary *dictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:chinese_numerals forKeys:arabic_numerals];

    NSMutableArray *sums = [NSMutableArray array];
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i ++) {
        NSString *substr = [str substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i, 1)];
        NSString *a = [dictionary objectForKey:substr];
        NSString *b = digits[str.length -i-1];
        NSString *sum = [a stringByAppendingString:b];
        if ([a isEqualToString:chinese_numerals[9]])
        {
            if([b isEqualToString:digits[4]] || [b isEqualToString:digits[8]])
            {
                sum = b;
                if ([[sums lastObject] isEqualToString:chinese_numerals[9]])
                {
                    [sums removeLastObject];
                }
            }else
            {
                sum = chinese_numerals[9];
            }

            if ([[sums lastObject] isEqualToString:sum])
            {
                continue;
            }
        }

        [sums addObject:sum];
    }

    NSString *sumStr = [sums componentsJoinedByString:@""];
    NSString *chinese = [sumStr substringToIndex:sumStr.length-1];
    NSLog(@"%@",str);
    NSLog(@"%@",chinese);
    return chinese;
}

9:如何获取WebView所有的图片地址

//UIWebView
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView
{
    //这里是js,主要目的实现对url的获取
    static  NSString * const jsGetImages =
    @"function getImages(){
    var objs = document.getElementsByTagName("img");
    var imgScr = '';
    for(var i=0;i<objs.length;i++){
    imgScr = imgScr + objs[i].src + '+';
    };
    return imgScr;
    };";

    [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:jsGetImages];//注入js方法
    NSString *urlResult = [webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"getImages()"];
    NSArray *urlArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:[urlResult componentsSeparatedByString:@"+"]];
    //urlResurlt 就是获取到得所有图片的url的拼接;mUrlArray就是所有Url的数组
}
//WKWebView
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(null_unspecified WKNavigation *)navigation
{
    static  NSString * const jsGetImages =
    @"function getImages(){
    var objs = document.getElementsByTagName("img");
    var imgScr = '';
    for(var i=0;i<objs.length;i++){
    imgScr = imgScr + objs[i].src + '+';
    };
    return imgScr;
    };";

    [webView evaluateJavaScript:jsGetImages completionHandler:nil];
    [webView evaluateJavaScript:@"getImages()" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        NSLog(@"%@",result);
    }];
}

10:navigationBar根据滑动距离的渐变色实现

//第一种
- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
{
    CGFloat offsetToShow = 200.0;//滑动多少就完全显示
    CGFloat alpha = 1 - (offsetToShow - scrollView.contentOffset.y) / offsetToShow;
    [[self.navigationController.navigationBar subviews] objectAtIndex:0].alpha = alpha;
}
//第二种
- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
{
    CGFloat offsetToShow = 200.0;
    CGFloat alpha = 1 - (offsetToShow - scrollView.contentOffset.y) / offsetToShow;

    [self.navigationController.navigationBar setShadowImage:[UIImage new]];
    [self.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:[self imageWithColor:[[UIColor orangeColor]colorWithAlphaComponent:alpha]] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
}

//生成一张纯色的图片
- (UIImage *)imageWithColor:(UIColor *)color
{
    CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
    CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
    CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, [color CGColor]);
    CGContextFillRect(context, rect);
    UIImage *theImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return theImage;
}

11:iOS 开发中一些相关的路径

模拟器的位置:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs 

文档安装位置:
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Documentation/DocSets

插件保存路径:
~/Library/ApplicationSupport/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins

自定义代码段的保存路径:
~/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/CodeSnippets/ 
如果找不到CodeSnippets文件夹,可以自己新建一个CodeSnippets文件夹。

描述文件路径
~/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wujy/p/5788591.html