一、handle案例
1、main.go如下，http访问：127.0.0.1:9990/static/mytest.txt
package main
import (
"net/http"
)
func main(){
addr :=":9990"
//www目录和main文件在同一级，查找www目录下的static文件下的mytest.txt文件
http.Handle("/static/",http.FileServer(http.Dir("./www")))
http.ListenAndServe(addr,nil)
}
2、handle接口如下：
func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler) { DefaultServeMux.Handle(pattern, handler) }
第二个参数是Handler这个接口, 这个接口有一个ServeHTTP()的方法
type Handler interface {
ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)
}
所以这个方法使用的时候需要自己去定义struct实现这个Handler接口。
package main
import (
"net/http"
"log"
)
type httpServer struct {
}
func (server httpServer) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
}
func main() {
var server httpServer
http.Handle("/", server)
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9000", nil))
}
ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)返回结果方式有：
第一种：w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
func (server httpServer) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
}
第二种：fmt.Fprintln
func (server httpServer) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "你好世界！！！")
}
二、handlefunc案例
package main
import (
"net/http"
"log"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9000", nil))
}
r *http.Request返回值分析
r.Method //返回请求方法 r.URL //返回请求url r.Proto //返回请求协议
请求：http://127.0.0.1:9000/?a=5&b=6
r.ParseForm //解析
r.Form //返回请求的数据a,b
等价于r.FormValue
三、http上传文件
1、上传文件
http.HandleFunc("/form-data/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
r.ParseMultipartForm(10*1024*1024)
fmt.Println(r.MultipartForm.File)
for k,fileHeaders := range r.MultipartForm.File {
fmt.Println("file",k)
for idx,fileHeader :=range fileHeaders {
fmt.Printtln(idx,fileHeader.Filename,fileHeader.Header,fileHeader.Size)
if file,err :=fileHeader.Open();err ==nil{
defer file.Close()
io.Copy(os.Stdout,file)
fmt.Println()
}
}
}
}
2、输出文件内容
http.HandleFunc("/form-data/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
f,fh,_ :=r.FormFile("a")
fmt.Println(fh.Filename,fh.Header,fh.Size)
io.Copy(os.Stdout,f)
fmt.Println()
f,fh,_ =r.FormFile("a")
fmt.Println(fh.Filename,fh.Header,fh.Size)
io.Copy(os.Stdout,f)
fmt.Println()
}
四、重定向跳转URL
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/redirect/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
//重定向跳转到 /home/
http.Redirect(w, r, "/home/", http.StatusFound)
})
http.HandleFunc("/home/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Fprintln(w, "home")
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9099", nil))
}
五、客户端访问请求
例子1、书写服务端
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
fmt.Println(r.Method) //返回请求方法
fmt.Println(r.URL) //返回请求url
fmt.Println(r.Proto) //返回请求协议<br><br>请求：http://127.0.0.1:9000/?a=5&b=6<br>r.ParseForm
fmt.Fprintln(w,time.Now())
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9000", nil))
}
书写客户端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
)
func main(){
url :="http://127.0.0.1:9000/"
resp,err :=http.Get(url)
if err !=nil{
log.Fatal(err.Error())
}
fmt.Println(resp.Proto)
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
fmt.Println(resp.Header)
io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body)
}
例子2、书写服务端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"net/http"
"log"
"time"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
w.Write([]byte(r.URL.Path))
fmt.Fprintln(w,time.Now())
r.ParseForm()
//接收来自客户端的请求
fmt.Println(r.Form.Get("a"))
fmt.Println(r.Form.Get("b"))
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9000", nil))
}
书写客户端，通过get类型向http://127.0.0.1:9000/?a=1&b=2"提交数据
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"net/http"
"os"
)
func main(){
url :="http://127.0.0.1:9000/?a=1&b=2"
resp,err :=http.Get(url)
if err !=nil{
log.Fatal(err.Error())
}
fmt.Println(resp.Proto)
fmt.Println(resp.StatusCode)
fmt.Println(resp.Header)
io.Copy(os.Stdout,resp.Body)
}
六、post提交数据
提交数据格式 http://127.0.0.1:9000/form?name=小明
1、书写服务端
package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/form", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
r.ParseForm()
fmt.Println(r.PostFormValue("name"))
fmt.Println(r.PostFormValue("sex"))
//返回一个map
fmt.Println(r.Form)
})
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:9000", nil))
}
2、客户端发送请求，postman测试
