这是第二次安装，在第一次安装过程部分内容参考自如下：
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_d840ff330102v4j0.html docker下oracle11g安装
http://blog.csdn.net/yangyinbo/article/details/6221220 HP-UX静默安装oracle11g过程
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-03/56606p4.htm CentOS 6.2 X64上64位Oracle 11gR2 静默安装
但是并没一次成功，中途遇到好多问题，一个一个逐步解决，最终安装成功。在这里只是做一个总结，欢迎指点和纠正。
这次是在安装的过程中同时记录，以备后续参考。
系统环境：
虚拟机Centos7 64位
docker：1.13.1
oracle：11gR2
容器：centos：6.6
第一次安装时最后能够保证连网，如不能连网需要提前准备好相应的包。
保证虚拟机ok，docker已经安装好，同时将oracle包拷贝至centos6.6的容器中的 /oracle_package目录下。
[root@bogon install_package]# docker cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 22edf28f349d:/oracle_package [root@bogon install_package]# docker cp linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip 22edf28f349d:/oracle_package
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# ls linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
开始安装
1.安装oracle所需要的 gcc* 、glibc*相关的包
gcc*在装的时候看到有很多个，每个都不是很大，只要网速不是特别差还是很快的。
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install gcc* [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install glibc*
也可以指安装所需的包，并且要注意顺序：
Oracle 对GCC的顺序：
glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64.rpm libgcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm libgomp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm nscd-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 注：以上是安装gcc，软件安装顺序不能错 libstdc++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libstdc++-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm gcc-c++-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 注：以上是安装gcc-c++
也可以使用yum的方式进行安装
#yum -y install gcc #yum -y install make #yum -y install binutils #yum -y install gcc-c++ #yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33 #yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel #yum -y install elfutils-libelf-devel-static #yum -y install ksh #yum -y install libaio #yum -y install libaio-devel #yum -y install numactl-devel #yum -y install sysstat #yum -y install unixODBC #yum -y install unixODBC-devel #yum -y install pcre-devel
注意：
在使用yum安装时如果出现如下错误：
[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# yum -y install gcc* Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Examining gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm: gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 Marking gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm to be installed base | 3.7 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:05 epel | 4.3 kB 00:00 epel/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:10 Error: xz compression not available [root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]#
这个错误主要意思是没有epel或者存在错误的epel，可以这样来解决：
1.remove 错误的epel
有可能会出现如下：说明系统还没有epel
[root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]# yum remove epel-release Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Remove Process No Match for argument: epel-release Determining fastest mirrors Error: xz compression not available [root@d0361c82ec77 oracle_package]#
或者：移除epel成功
[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum remove epel-release Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Remove Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:6-8 will be erased --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================ Removing: epel-release noarch 6-8 installed 22 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Remove 1 Package(s) Installed size: 22 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Erasing : epel-release-6-8.noarch 1/1 warning: /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo saved as /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.rpmsave Verifying : epel-release-6-8.noarch 1/1 Removed: epel-release.noarch 0:6-8 Complete!
这两种情况都没有问题，接着执行下面步骤
2.清理epel 缓存
[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# rm -rf /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/epel
3.重新安装正确的epel：
[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm Retrieving http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.M6IbHz: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 1:epel-release ########################################### [100%]
4.使用 yum search munin 检测是否安装正确
[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum search munin
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror base | 3.7 kB 00:00 base/primary_db | 4.7 MB 00:14 epel/metalink | 5.4 kB 00:00 epel | 4.3 kB 00:00 epel/primary_db | 5.9 MB 00:27 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 extras/primary_db | 37 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates/primary_db | 5.4 MB 00:09 ============================== N/S Matched: munin ============================== PyMunin.noarch : Python Module for developing Munin Multigraph Monitoring : Plugins munin-java-plugins.noarch : java-plugins for munin munin-ruby-plugins.noarch : ruby-plugins for munin munin.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (grapher/gatherer) munin-async.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (asynchronous client tools) munin-cgi.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (cgi files for apache) munin-common.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (common files) munin-netip-plugins.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (dhcpd3 and ntp : plugins) munin-nginx.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (cgi files for nginx) munin-node.noarch : Network-wide graphing framework (node) Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything.
到此这个问题就已经解决了，如果还有问题可以重复上述1.2.3.4步骤。
再次运行：
[root@d0361c82ec77 yum]# yum -y install gcc* Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Setting up Install Process Determining fastest mirrors * epel: mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libgomp = 4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libgcc >= 4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: glibc-devel >= 2.2.90-12 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64
...
在安装过程中如果提示：
Public key for gcc-objc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm is not installed
在网上找到了解决方法：
此时要导入rpm的签名信息即可
以root登录，执行下面命令
# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
根据我的Linux版本是CentOS 6.6
于是我执行下面命令
#rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
安装 unzip指令 vim指令，因为centos6.6容器中没有这两个指令的，后边需要用到，容器中自带了vi，看个人习惯了
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install unzip [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# yum -y install vim
2.修改主机名
这里主要将容器id 加入hostname中，如果hostname不正确后边启动监听可能会出现问题。
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=no HOSTNAME=hadoop
3.修改host文件
先用hostname查看当前的主机名为：
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# hostname 22edf28f349d
内容如下：
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 hadoop
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
#172.17.0.2 1c0d06324543
4. 创建用户oracle及组dba
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# vim /etc/hosts [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# groupadd dba [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# useradd -g dba oracle [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word BAD PASSWORD: is too simple Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]#
5.创建oracle目录和设置权限
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# mkdir -p /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1 //数据库系统安装目录 [root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory //清单目录 [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# chown -R oracle:dba /u01 [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# chmod -R 775 /u01 [root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /opt/oradata //数据存放目录 [root@22edf28f349d oracle]# mkdir /opt/oradata_back //数据备份目录
记录一下：
mkdir -p 中-p 的作用，如果递归创建目录没有-p会报错，同时-p有如下作用：
-p, --parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed
chown 用户名:组名 文件路径（可以是就对路径也可以是相对路径）
例1：chown oracle:dba /tmp/tmp1
就是把tmp下的tmp1的用户名和用户组改成oracle和dba（只修改了tmp1的属组）.
例2：chown -R oracle:dba /tmp/tmp1
就是把tmp下的tmp1下的所有文件的属组都改成oracle和oracle。
chmod -R 775 /u01
chmod用法
用来修改某个目录或文件的访问权限
语法：chmod [who] [+ | - | =] [mode] 文件名 命令中各选项的含义为： 操作对象who可是下述字母中的任一个或者它们的组合： u 表示“用户（user）”，即文件或目录的所有者。 g 表示“同组（group）用户”，即与文件属主有相同组ID的所有用户。 o 表示“其他（others）用户”。 a 表示“所有（all）用户”。它是系统默认值。 操作符号可以是： + 添加某个权限。 - 取消某个权限。 = 赋予给定权限并取消其他所有权限（如果有的话）。 设置 mode 所表示的权限可用下述字母的任意组合： r 可读。 w 可写。 x 可执行。 X 只有目标文件对某些用户是可执行的或该目标文件是目录时才追加x 属性。 s 在文件执行时把进程的属主或组ID置为该文件的文件属主。 方式“u＋s”设置文件的用户ID位，“g＋s”设置组ID位。 t 保存程序的文本到交换设备上。 u 与文件属主拥有一样的权限。 g 与和文件属主同组的用户拥有一样的权限。 o 与其他用户拥有一样的权限。 文件名：以空格分开的要改变权限的文件列表，支持通配符。
在Unix和Linux的各种操作系统下，每个文件（文件夹也被看作是文件）都按读、写、运行设定权限。 例如我用ls -l命令列文件表时，得到如下输出: -rw-r--r-- 1 bu users 2254 2006-05-20 13:47 tt.htm 从第二个字符起rw-是说用户bu有读、写权，没有运行权，接着的r--表示用户组users只有读权限，没有运行权，最后的r--指其他人（others）只有读权限，没有写权和运行权。
这是系统默认设置，我可以改写tt.htm，同组的人和其他人只有权读，没人有权运行，因为只是一个html文件，不必运行。这在Novell的directory services之前很先进。 读、写、运行三项权限可以用数字表示，就是r=4,w=2,x=1。所以，上面的例子中的rw-r--r--用数字表示成644。 反过来说777就是rwxrwxrwx，意思是该登录用户（可以用命令id查看）、他所在的组和其他人都有最高权限。 再多说一句。我用chmod o-r tt.htm命令改权限，o-r是others的权限中减掉读。结果是 -rw-r----- 1 bu users 2254 2006-05-20 13:47 tt.htm 如果用命令chmod 777 tt.htm，结果是 -rwxrwxrwx 1 bu users 2254 2006-05-20 13:47 tt.htm 任何人都有读、写、运行三项权限。
理论上就是这样，但实际运用上往往需要加上1执行权，否则执行不了读或写
6.设置环境变量，修改oracle用户的 .bash_profile 文件
[oracle@22edf28f349d ~]# vim .bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=orcl export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
使环境变量生效
[root@22edf28f349d ~]# source .bash_profile
7.将oracle的两个安装包解压到同一个目录下，如果不是同一个目录后边会报错
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d ./oracle [root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d ./oracle
8.将刚解压后的rsp文件复制到 /home/oracle目录下
[root@22edf28f349d oracle_package]# cp ./oracle/database/response/* /home/oracle/
查看 /home/oracle目录下的rsp文件
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# ls dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
9.修改db_install.rsp文件的内容：
详细解释来自：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23886490-id-3565908.html
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# vim db_install.rsp #################################################################### ## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.## ## ## ## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ## ## your installation. ## ## ## ## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ## ## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ## ## values. ## ## ## ## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ## ## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ## ## or db administrator who owns this installation. ## ## ## #################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Do not change the following system generated value. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#标注响应文件版本，这个版本必须和要#安装的数据库版本相同，安装检验无法通过,不能更改
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the installation option.#选择安装类型：1.只装数据库软件 2.安装数据库软件并建库 3.升级数据库 # It can be one of the following: # 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY # 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG # 3. UPGRADE_DB #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used # to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the # first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames # and network interfaces) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_HOSTNAME=hadoop #指定操作系统主机名，通过hostname命令获得 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- UNIX_GROUP_NAME=dba #指定oracle inventory目录的所有者，通常会是oinstall或者dba #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the location which holds the inventory files. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory #指定产品清单oracle inventory目录的路径,如果是Win平台下可以省略 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the languages in which the components will be installed. # # en : English ja : Japanese # fr : French ko : Korean # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian # hr : Croatian pl : Polish # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese # da : Danish ro : Romanian # nl : Dutch ru : Russian # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish # de : German sv : Swedish # el : Greek th : Thai # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese # it : Italian # # Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN #指定数据库语言，可以选择多个，用逗号隔开。选择en, zh_CN(英文和简体中文) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1 #设置ORALCE_HOME的路径 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #设置ORALCE_BASE的路径 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the installation edition of the component. # # The value should contain only one of these choices. # EE : Enterprise Edition # SE : Standard Edition # SEONE : Standard Edition One # PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY) #选择Oracle安装数据库软件的版本（企业版，标准版，标准版1），不同的版本功能不同 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable is used to enable or disable custom install. # # true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property # are considered for install. # false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#是否自定义Oracle的组件，如果选择false，则会使用默认的组件
#如果选择true否则需要自己在下面一条参数将要安装的组件一一列出。
#安装相应版权后会安装所有的组件，后期如果缺乏某个组件，再次安装会非常的麻烦。
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true. # # Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install. # # The following choices are available. You may specify any # combination of these choices. The components you choose should # be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version" # Below is a list of components you may specify to install. # # oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning # oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining # oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault # oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security # oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing # oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,
oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,
oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,
oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 ############################################################################### # # # PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS # # ------------------------------------------ # # Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges # # needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the # # group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. # # # ############################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba #指定拥有OSDBA、OSOPER权限的用户组，通常会是dba组 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES= #如果是RAC的安装，在这里指定所有的节点 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the type of database to create. # It can be one of the following: # - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING # - DATA_WAREHOUSE #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE #选择数据库的用途，一般用途/事物处理，数据仓库 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl #指定GlobalName #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the Starter Database SID. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the Starter Database character set. # # It can be one of the following: # AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2, # EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257, # BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6, # AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8, # IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE, # KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950, # ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#选择字符集。不正确的字符集会给数据显示和存储带来麻烦无数。
#通常中文选择的有ZHS16GBK简体中文库，建议选择unicode的AL32UTF8国际字符集
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management # in Database is desired. # If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation # is to be done manually, then set it to false. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#11g的新特性自动内存管理，也就是SGA_TARGET和PAG_AGGREGATE_TARGET都#不用设置了，Oracle会自动调配两部分大小
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be # at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available # on the system. # Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#指定Oracle自动管理内存的大小，最小是256MB
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter # database or not. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false #是否载入模板示例 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles # and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default. # These settings may also be disabled. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true #是否启用安全设置 ############################################################################### # # # Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the # # starter database: # # SYS # # SYSTEM # # SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) # # DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) # # # # Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) # # or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) # # # ############################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the # starter database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle #设定所有数据库用户使用同一个密码，其它数据库用户就不用单独设置了。 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the SYS password for the starter database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database. # It can be one of the following: # 1. GRID_CONTROL # 2. DB_CONTROL #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL #数据库本地管理工具DB_CONTROL，远程集中管理工具GRID_CONTROL #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage # the database. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL= #GRID_CONTROL需要设定grid control的远程路径URL #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical # alerts when using DB control. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false #是否启用Email通知, 启用后会将告警等信息发送到指定邮箱 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress= #设置通知EMAIL地址 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer= ############################################################################### # # # SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS # # ------------------------------------ # # Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned # # using the entries below. # # # ############################################################################### #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else # this can be set to true. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false #设置自动备份，和OUI里的自动备份一样。 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if # automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at # 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system # user that is specified in this variable. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid= #自动备份会启动一个job，指定启动JOB的系统用户ID #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if # automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at # 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user # specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the # above operating system user. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd= #自动备份会开启一个job，需要指定OSUser的密码 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the type of storage to use for the database. # It can be one of the following: # - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE # - ASM_STORAGE #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType= #自动备份，要求指定使用的文件系统存放数据库文件还是ASM #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control # files, redo logs. # # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定数据文件、控制文件、Redo log的存放目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the backup and recovery location. # # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用文件系统存放数据库文件才需要指定备份恢复目录
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage. # # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定存放的磁盘组
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance. # # Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
##使用ASM存放数据库文件才需要指定ASM实例密码
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username. # # Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= ##指定metalink账户用户名 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password. # # Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= ## 指定metalink账户密码 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for # My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false. # If left blank it will be assumed to be false. # # Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT= ## 用户是否可以设置metalink密码 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection. # The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed # to be false. # # Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# False表示不需要设置安全更新，注意，在11.2的静默安装中疑似有一个BUG
# Response File中必须指定为true，否则会提示错误,不管是否正确填写了邮件地址
# 这里必须为 true 否则会失败
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero. # # Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROXY_HOST= ##代理服务器名 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars. # # Example : PROXY_PORT=25 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROXY_PORT= ##代理服务器端口 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication. # # Example : PROXY_USER=username #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROXY_USER= ##代理服务器用户名 #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD # blank if your proxy server requires no authentication. # # Example : PROXY_PWD=password #------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PROXY_PWD= ##代理服务器密码
10.开始安装oracle11g 容器中没有图形界面，只能静默安装(silent),所以需要配置以上文件
切换到oracle用户下
[root@22edf28f349d oracle]# su oracle [oracle@22edf28f349d ~]$ cd /
进去刚才解压oracle两个zip包的目标目录，并且进入database目录下 执行安装：
[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ ls doc install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
安装过程中，如果提示[WARNING]不必理会，此时安装程序仍在进行，如果出现[FATAL]，则安装程序已经停止了。
打开另一个终端，执行
#tail -100f /home/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions......log
可以实时跟踪查看安装日志，了解安装的进度。
[root@22edf28f349d /]# tail -100f /tmp/OraInstall2017-03-08_06-02-45PM/installActions2017-03-08_06-02-45PM.log
安装过程比较花时间，慢慢等待吧。
当出现如下语句就表示安装成功了：
[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user. #!/bin/sh #Root scripts to run /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh To execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue Successfully Setup Software.
11.按照提示在root用户下执行两个脚本
[root@22edf28f349d /]# /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh Check /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/install/root_22edf28f349d_2017-03-08_18-45-38.log for the output of root script
查看日志：
[root@22edf28f349d /]# tail -100f /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/install/root_22edf28f349d_2017-03-08_18-45-38.log Running Oracle 11g root.sh script... The following environment variables are set as: ORACLE_OWNER= oracle ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1 Creating /etc/oratab file... Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created Finished running generic part of root.sh script. Now product-specific root actions will be performed. Finished product-specific root actions.
执行脚本：
[root@22edf28f349d /]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory. Adding read,write permissions for group. Removing read,write,execute permissions for world. Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to dba. The execution of the script is complete. [root@22edf28f349d /]#
到此oracle11g软件已经安装成功了。。。
12.安装listener
[oracle@22edf28f349d database]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/netca.rsp UnsatisfiedLinkError exception loading native library: njni11 java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/lib/libnjni11.so: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: jniGetOracleHome at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.jniGetOracleHome(Native Method) at oracle.net.common.NetGetEnv.getOracleHome(Unknown Source) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.getOracleHome(NetCALogger.java:230) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initOracleParameters(NetCALogger.java:215) at oracle.net.ca.NetCALogger.initLogger(NetCALogger.java:130) at oracle.net.ca.NetCA.main(NetCA.java:404) Error: jniGetOracleHome Oracle Net Services configuration failed. The exit code is 1
安装时报错，按照网上的解决办法：
安装 libaio.so.1 并将 libaio.so.1拷贝到$ORACLE_HOME/lib目录下
[root@22edf28f349d /]# yum -y install libaio*
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ cp /lib64/libaio.so.1 $ORACLE_HOME/lib
重现安装listener：
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/netca.rsp Parsing command line arguments: Parameter "silent" = true Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/netca.rsp Done parsing command line arguments. Oracle Net Services Configuration: Profile configuration complete. Oracle Net Listener Startup: Running Listener Control: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER Listener Control complete. Listener started successfully. Listener configuration complete. Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0 [oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$
显示listener安装成功。
查看listener的状态：
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 08-MAR-2017 18:55:11 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 08-MAR-2017 18:54:17 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 54 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/22edf28f349d/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) The listener supports no services The command completed successfully [oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$
13.使用dbca 静默建库（创建数据库实例）
由于我们在安装数据库的时候在db_install.rsp配置了：
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Specify the installation option.#选择安装类型：1.只装数据库软件 2.安装数据库软件并建库 3.升级数据库 # It can be one of the following: # 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY # 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG # 3. UPGRADE_DB #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
此时还没有数据库和实例，可以通过dbca.rsp 来创建数据库和实例
编辑dbca.rsp文件：
RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0" //不能更改 OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase" GDBNAME = "orcl" //数据库的名字 SID = "orcl" //对应的实例名字 TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" //建库用的模板文件 SYSPASSWORD = "oracle" //SYS管理员密码 SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle" //SYSTEM管理员密码 DATAFILEDESTINATION = //数据文件存放目录 默认为 $ORACLE_BASE/oradata RECOVERYAREADESTINATION= //恢复数据存放目录 默认为$ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area CHARACTERSET = "UTF8" //字符集，重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。 TOTALMEMORY = "5120" //oracle内存5120MB
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory /bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory /bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory sh: /bin/ksh: No such file or directory /bin/cat: /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_default: No such file or directory Copying database files 1% complete 3% complete 11% complete 18% complete 26% complete 37% complete Creating and starting Oracle instance 40% complete 45% complete 50% complete 55% complete 56% complete 60% complete 62% complete Completing Database Creation 66% complete 70% complete 73% complete 85% complete 96% complete 100% complete Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.
14.再次查看监听：
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ lsnrctl status LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 08-MAR-2017 19:27:33 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 08-MAR-2017 18:54:17 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 33 min. 16 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /u01/app/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/22edf28f349d/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully [oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$
15.连接sqlplus
[oracle@22edf28f349d lib64]$ sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Mar 8 19:28:08 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining, Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options SQL> select * from v$instance; INSTANCE_NUMBER INSTANCE_NAME --------------- ---------------- HOST_NAME ---------------------------------------------------------------- VERSION STARTUP_T STATUS PAR THREAD# ARCHIVE LOG_SWITCH_WAIT ----------------- --------- ------------ --- ---------- ------- --------------- LOGINS SHU DATABASE_STATUS INSTANCE_ROLE ACTIVE_ST BLO ---------- --- ----------------- ------------------ --------- --- 1 orcl 22edf28f349d 11.2.0.1.0 08-MAR-17 OPEN NO 1 STOPPED ALLOWED NO ACTIVE PRIMARY_INSTANCE NORMAL NO SQL>
到此docker下成功完成oracle11g实例的安装完成。
16.建立表空间和用户
在创建之前需要目标目录需要存在即：
[root@7a0b6182a059 orcl]# pwd
/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl
并赋予权限：
[root@7a0b6182a059 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /opt/oracle [root@7a0b6182a059 ~]# chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
创建临时表空间：
SQL> create temporary tablespace user_temp tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/user_temp.dbf' size 50m 2 autoextend on 3 next 50m maxsize 20480m 4 extent management local; Tablespace created. SQL>
创建数据表空间
SQL> create tablespace user_data 2 logging 3 datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/user_data.dbf' 4 size 50m 5 autoextend on 6 next 50m maxsize 20480m 7 extent management local; Tablespace created. SQL>
创建用户并指定表空间
SQL> create user jzptpub identified by jzptpub 2 default tablespace user_data 3 temporary tablespace user_temp; User created.
给用户授予权限
SQL> grant connect,resource to jzptpub; Grant succeeded.
此时在其他机器上可以远程登录这个用户，命令为：
$sqlplus test/test@ip/orcl
17.用新建的用户连接数据库，并建立一个表
$ export NLS_LANG=American_America.AL32UTF8
注意：UTF8是为了使得sqlplus和linux终端环境一致起来，此时发往数据库的是UTF8，数据库存储前会转为ZHS16GBK.
当读取时，Sqlplus会把收到的ZHS16GBK转换为UTF8发送到Linux终端。
$sqlplus test/test@ip/orcl
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Mar 14 08:22:11 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> create table STUDENT(ID int, NAME varchar(20));
Table created.
SQL> insert into STUDENT values(1, '张三');
1 row created.
SQL> select * from student;
ID NAME
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1 张三
需要注意的地方：
客户端连接配置tnsname.ora文件
docker =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.114.130)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = oracle11g)
)
)
用pl/sql连接
注1:192.168.114.130为宿主机IP,1521也是宿主机端口,而容器中oracle服务端口1521是映射到宿主机的1521端口
注2:在容器中启动listener,要主意$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin下的listener.ora和tnsname.ora文件中的host参数，这个参数不能写成IP,也不能写成/etc/sysconfig/network中的hostname，只能写成
容器启动时的容器ID号,也可在容器中使用命令查看主机信息uname -a
如：
[oracle@d2126eb6637e ~]$ uname -a
Linux d2126eb6637e 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Nov 22 03:15:09 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux