vue-router教程二（要素篇之新手入门）

注意，我们将在指南中使用es 2015代码样本。此外，所有示例都将使用VUE的完整版本来使在线模板编译成为可能。请参阅这里的更多细节。 

用vue路由器创建单页应用程序是非常简单的。使用vue.js，我们已经在用组件组合我们的应用程序。当将vue路由器添加到混合时，我们所需要做的就是将组件映射到路由，让vue路由器知道在哪里呈现它们。下面是一个基本示例：

HTML

<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>

<div id="app">
  <h1>Hello App!</h1>
  <p>
    <!-- use router-link component for navigation. -->
    <!-- specify the link by passing the `to` prop. -->
    <!-- `<router-link>` will be rendered as an `<a>` tag by default -->
    <router-link to="/foo">Go to Foo</router-link>
    <router-link to="/bar">Go to Bar</router-link>
  </p>
  <!-- route outlet -->
  <!-- component matched by the route will render here -->
  <router-view></router-view>
</div>

　

JavaScript

// 0. If using a module system (e.g. via vue-cli), import Vue and VueRouter
// and then call `Vue.use(VueRouter)`.

// 1. Define route components.
// These can be imported from other files
const Foo = { template: '<div>foo</div>' }
const Bar = { template: '<div>bar</div>' }

// 2. Define some routes
// Each route should map to a component. The "component" can
// either be an actual component constructor created via
// `Vue.extend()`, or just a component options object.
// We'll talk about nested routes later.
const routes = [
  { path: '/foo', component: Foo },
  { path: '/bar', component: Bar }
]

// 3. Create the router instance and pass the `routes` option
// You can pass in additional options here, but let's
// keep it simple for now.
const router = new VueRouter({
  routes // short for `routes: routes`
})

// 4. Create and mount the root instance.
// Make sure to inject the router with the router option to make the
// whole app router-aware.
const app = new Vue({
  router
}).$mount('#app')

// Now the app has started!

通过注入路由器，在任何组件的内部，我们可以访问它。this.$router，以及当前路由。

// Home.vue
export default {
  computed: {
    username () {
      // We will see what `params` is shortly
      return this.$route.params.username
    }
  },
  methods: {
    goBack () {
      window.history.length > 1
        ? this.$router.go(-1)
        : this.$router.push('/')
    }
  }
}

在整个文档中，我们经常使用路由器实例。记住这一点。$router与使用路由器完全一样。我们使用它的原因是。$router是因为我们不想在每个需要操作路由的组件中导入路由器。您也可以查看这个示例livevee。注意，当一个<router-link> 的目标路由匹配时，它会自动获得.router-link-activeclass。在它的API参考中了解更多有关它的信息。