Websocket
使用的第三方模块:gevent-websocket
群聊
ws群聊.py中的内容
from flask import Flask, request, render_template from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer import json from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket app = Flask(__name__) user_socket_dict = {} @app.route('/ws/<user>') def ws(user): # print(request.environ) user_socket = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') # type:WebSocket if user_socket: user_socket_dict[user] = user_socket print(len(user_socket_dict), user_socket_dict) while 1: msg = user_socket.receive() print(msg) # b"{from_user:jinwangba ,to_user:yinwangba,msg:"doushidawangba"}" msg_dict = json.loads(msg) to_usocket = user_socket_dict.get(msg_dict.get('to_user')) to_usocket.send(json.dumps({'from_user': user, 'to_user': msg_dict.get('to_user'), 'msg': msg_dict.get('msg')})) @app.route('/') def index(): return render_template('ws.html') if __name__ == '__main__': # app.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, debug=True) http_serv = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler) http_serv.serve_forever()
ws群聊.html中的内容
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <p>发送内容:<input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p> <div id="msg_list" style=" 500px"> </div> </body> <script type="application/javascript"> var ws = new WebSocket('ws://192.168.12.11:5000/ws'); ws.onmessage = function (ws_status) { console.log(ws_status.data); var ptag = document.createElement('p'); ptag.innerText = ws_status.data; document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag); }; function send_msg() { var msg = document.getElementById('message').value; var ptag = document.createElement('p'); ptag.style.cssText = 'text-align: right;'; ptag.innerText = msg; document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag); ws.send(msg); {#console.log('成功');#} } </script> </html>
单聊
ws.py中的内容
from flask import Flask, request, render_template from geventwebsocket.handler import WebSocketHandler from gevent.pywsgi import WSGIServer import json from geventwebsocket.websocket import WebSocket app = Flask(__name__) user_socket_dict = {} @app.route('/ws/<user>') def ws(user): # print(request.environ) user_socket = request.environ.get('wsgi.websocket') # type:WebSocket if user_socket: user_socket_dict[user] = user_socket print(len(user_socket_dict), user_socket_dict) while 1: msg = user_socket.receive() print(msg) # b"{from_user:jinwangba ,to_user:yinwangba,msg:"doushidawangba"}" msg_dict = json.loads(msg) to_usocket = user_socket_dict.get(msg_dict.get('to_user')) to_usocket.send(json.dumps({'from_user': user, 'to_user': msg_dict.get('to_user'), 'msg': msg_dict.get('msg')})) @app.route('/') def index(): return render_template('ws.html') if __name__ == '__main__': # app.run('0.0.0.0', 5000, debug=True) http_serv = WSGIServer(('0.0.0.0', 5000), app, handler_class=WebSocketHandler) http_serv.serve_forever()
ws.html中的内容
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <p>您的昵称: <input type="text" id="nick"><button onclick="openws()">进入聊天室</button></p> {#<p>发送内容:<input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p>#} <p>给<input type="text" id="to_user">发送: <input type="text" id="message"><button onclick="send_msg()">发送消息</button></p> <div id="msg_list" style=" 500px"> </div> </body> <script type="application/javascript"> var ws = null; function openws() { var nick = document.getElementById('nick').value; ws = new WebSocket('ws://192.168.12.11:5000/ws/' + nick); ws.onmessage = function (ws_status) { console.log(ws_status.data); var msg_obj = JSON.parse(ws_status.data); var ptag = document.createElement('p'); ptag.innerText = msg_obj.from_user + " : " + msg_obj.msg; document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag); }; } function send_msg() { var msg = document.getElementById('message').value; var from_user = document.getElementById('nick').value; var to_user = document.getElementById('to_user').value; var ptag = document.createElement('p'); ptag.style.cssText = 'text-align: right;'; ptag.innerText = msg + " : " + from_user; document.getElementById('msg_list').appendChild(ptag); var msg_obj = { msg: msg, from_user: from_user, to_user: to_user, }; ws.send(JSON.stringify(msg_obj)); {#console.log('成功');#} } </script> </html>
websocket握手信息及封包解包原理
import socket import base64 import hashlib #封包 def send_msg(conn, msg_bytes): """ WebSocket服务端向客户端发送消息 :param conn: 客户端连接到服务器端的socket对象,即: conn,address = socket.accept() :param msg_bytes: 向客户端发送的字节 :return: """ import struct token = b"x81" length = len(msg_bytes) if length < 126: token += struct.pack("B", length) elif length <= 0xFFFF: token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length) else: token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length) msg = token + msg_bytes conn.send(msg) return True def get_headers(data): """ 将请求头格式化成字典 :param data: :return: """ header_dict = {} data = str(data, encoding='utf-8') header, body = data.split(' ', 1) header_list = header.split(' ') for i in range(0, len(header_list)): if i == 0: if len(header_list[i].split(' ')) == 3: header_dict['method'], header_dict['url'], header_dict['protocol'] = header_list[i].split(' ') else: k, v = header_list[i].split(':', 1) header_dict[k] = v.strip() return header_dict sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8002)) sock.listen(5) conn, address = sock.accept() data = conn.recv(1024) headers = get_headers(data) # 提取请求头信息 # 对请求头中的sec-websocket-key进行加密 response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols " "Upgrade:websocket " "Connection: Upgrade " "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: %s " "WebSocket-Location: ws://%s%s " magic_string = '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11' value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + magic_string ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest()) response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'), headers['Host'], headers['url']) # 响应【握手】信息 conn.send(bytes(response_str, encoding='utf-8')) # b'x81x87xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3' # msg[1] & 127 # # 10100011 # 01111111 # 00100011 <= 125 # x81x87 xbe0xb4xc7xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3' # 00100011 == 126 # x81x87xbe0xb4 xc7xc7Qxdaxab xd1^xd3'xbe0xb4xc7xc7Qxdaxabxd1^xd3' # 00100011 == 127 # x81x87 + 8个字节 内容 # mask # for i in xc7Q xdaxabxd1^xd3': # xc7Q mask #解包 while True: info = conn.recv(8096) print('收到数据',info) payload_len = info[1] & 127 if payload_len == 126: extend_payload_len = info[2:4] mask = info[4:8] decoded = info[8:] elif payload_len == 127: extend_payload_len = info[2:10] mask = info[10:14] decoded = info[14:] else: extend_payload_len = None mask = info[2:6] decoded = info[6:] bytes_list = bytearray() for i in range(len(decoded)): chunk = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4] bytes_list.append(chunk) body = str(bytes_list, encoding='utf-8') print(body) send_msg(conn,b'nononononono') conn.close()