java操作excel
可参考https://blog.csdn.net/xunwei0303/article/details/53213130
直接上代码：
一、java生成excel文件：
package com.excel; public class Man { private String name; private int sex; private String idCard; private float salary; public Man(String name, int sex, String idCard, float salary) { super(); this.name = name; this.sex = sex; this.idCard = idCard; this.salary = salary; } public Man() { super(); } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(int sex) { this.sex = sex; } public String getIdCard() { return idCard; } public void setIdCard(String idCard) { this.idCard = idCard; } public float getSalary() { return salary; } public void setSalary(float salary) { this.salary = salary; } }
package com.excel; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.text.DecimalFormat; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPalette; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress; public class ExcelExportUtil { HttpServletResponse response; // 文件名 private String fileName ; //文件保存路径 private String fileDir; //sheet名 private String sheetName; //表头字体 private String titleFontType = "Arial Unicode MS"; //表头背景色 private String titleBackColor = "C1FBEE"; //表头字号 private short titleFontSize = 12; //添加自动筛选的列 如 A:M private String address = ""; //正文字体 private String contentFontType = "Arial Unicode MS"; //正文字号 private short contentFontSize = 12; //Float类型数据小数位 private String floatDecimal = ".00"; //Double类型数据小数位 private String doubleDecimal = ".00"; //设置列的公式 private String colFormula[] = null; DecimalFormat floatDecimalFormat=new DecimalFormat(floatDecimal); DecimalFormat doubleDecimalFormat=new DecimalFormat(doubleDecimal); private HSSFWorkbook workbook = null; public ExcelExportUtil(String fileDir,String sheetName){ this.fileDir = fileDir; this.sheetName = sheetName; workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); } public ExcelExportUtil(HttpServletResponse response,String fileName,String sheetName){ this.response = response; this.sheetName = sheetName; workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); } /** * 设置表头字体. * @param titleFontType */ public void setTitleFontType(String titleFontType) { this.titleFontType = titleFontType; } /** * 设置表头背景色. * @param titleBackColor 十六进制 */ public void setTitleBackColor(String titleBackColor) { this.titleBackColor = titleBackColor; } /** * 设置表头字体大小. * @param titleFontSize */ public void setTitleFontSize(short titleFontSize) { this.titleFontSize = titleFontSize; } /** * 设置表头自动筛选栏位,如A:AC. * @param address */ public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; } /** * 设置正文字体. * @param contentFontType */ public void setContentFontType(String contentFontType) { this.contentFontType = contentFontType; } /** * 设置正文字号. * @param contentFontSize */ public void setContentFontSize(short contentFontSize) { this.contentFontSize = contentFontSize; } /** * 设置float类型数据小数位 默认.00 * @param doubleDecimal 如 ".00" */ public void setDoubleDecimal(String doubleDecimal) { this.doubleDecimal = doubleDecimal; } /** * 设置doubel类型数据小数位 默认.00 * @param floatDecimalFormat 如 ".00 */ public void setFloatDecimalFormat(DecimalFormat floatDecimalFormat) { this.floatDecimalFormat = floatDecimalFormat; } /** * 设置列的公式 * @param colFormula 存储i-1列的公式 涉及到的行号使用@替换 如A@+B@ */ public void setColFormula(String[] colFormula) { this.colFormula = colFormula; } /** * 写excel. * @param titleColumn 对应bean的属性名 * @param titleName excel要导出的表名 * @param titleSize 列宽 * @param dataList 数据 * @param sheetName excel 页名 */ public void wirteExcel(String titleColumn[],String titleName[],int titleSize[],List<?> dataList, String sheetName){ //添加Worksheet（不添加sheet时生成的xls文件打开时会报错) Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(this.sheetName); //新建文件 OutputStream out = null; try { if(fileDir!=null){ //有文件路径 out = new FileOutputStream(fileDir); }else{ //否则，直接写到输出流中 out = response.getOutputStream(); fileName = fileName+".xls"; response.setContentType("application/x-msdownload"); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8")); } //写入excel的表头 Row titleNameRow = workbook.getSheet(sheetName).createRow(0); //设置样式 HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setFontAndBorder(titleStyle, titleFontType, (short) titleFontSize); titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setColor(titleStyle, titleBackColor, (short)10); for(int i = 0;i < titleName.length;i++){ sheet.setColumnWidth(i, titleSize[i]*256); //设置宽度 Cell cell = titleNameRow.createCell(i); cell.setCellStyle(titleStyle); cell.setCellValue(titleName[i].toString()); } //为表头添加自动筛选 if(!"".equals(address)){ CellRangeAddress c = (CellRangeAddress) CellRangeAddress.valueOf(address); sheet.setAutoFilter(c); } //通过反射获取数据并写入到excel中 if(dataList!=null&&dataList.size()>0){ //设置样式 HSSFCellStyle dataStyle = workbook.createCellStyle(); titleStyle = (HSSFCellStyle) setFontAndBorder(titleStyle, contentFontType, (short) contentFontSize); if(titleColumn.length>0){ for(int rowIndex = 1;rowIndex<=dataList.size();rowIndex++){ Object obj = dataList.get(rowIndex-1); //获得该对象 Class clsss = obj.getClass(); //获得该对对象的class实例 Row dataRow = workbook.getSheet(sheetName).createRow(rowIndex); for(int columnIndex = 0;columnIndex<titleColumn.length;columnIndex++){ String title = titleColumn[columnIndex].toString().trim(); if(!"".equals(title)){ //字段不为空 //使首字母大写 String UTitle = Character.toUpperCase(title.charAt(0))+ title.substring(1, title.length()); // 使其首字母大写; String methodName = "get"+UTitle; // 设置要执行的方法 Method method = clsss.getDeclaredMethod(methodName); //获取返回类型 String returnType = method.getReturnType().getName(); String data = method.invoke(obj)==null?"":method.invoke(obj).toString(); Cell cell = dataRow.createCell(columnIndex); if(data!=null&&!"".equals(data)){ if("int".equals(returnType)){ cell.setCellValue(Integer.parseInt(data)); }else if("long".equals(returnType)){ cell.setCellValue(Long.parseLong(data)); }else if("float".equals(returnType)){ cell.setCellValue(floatDecimalFormat.format(Float.parseFloat(data))); }else if("double".equals(returnType)){ cell.setCellValue(doubleDecimalFormat.format(Double.parseDouble(data))); }else{ cell.setCellValue(data); } } }else{ //字段为空 检查该列是否是公式 if(colFormula!=null){ String sixBuf = colFormula[columnIndex].replace("@", (rowIndex+1)+""); Cell cell = dataRow.createCell(columnIndex); cell.setCellFormula(sixBuf.toString()); } } } } } } workbook.write(out); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 将16进制的颜色代码写入样式中来设置颜色 * @param style 保证style统一 * @param color 颜色：66FFDD * @param index 索引 8-64 使用时不可重复 * @return */ public CellStyle setColor(CellStyle style,String color,short index){ if(color!=""&&color!=null){ //转为RGB码 int r = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(0,2)),16); //转为16进制 int g = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(2,4)),16); int b = Integer.parseInt((color.substring(4,6)),16); //自定义cell颜色 HSSFPalette palette = workbook.getCustomPalette(); palette.setColorAtIndex((short)index, (byte) r, (byte) g, (byte) b); //style.setFillPattern(CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); style.setFillForegroundColor(index); } return style; } /** * 设置字体并加外边框 * @param style 样式 * @param style 字体名 * @param style 大小 * @return */ public CellStyle setFontAndBorder(CellStyle style,String fontName,short size){ HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont(); font.setFontHeightInPoints(size); font.setFontName(fontName); font.setBold(true); style.setFont(font); //style.setBorderBottom(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框 //style.setBorderLeft(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框 //style.setBorderTop(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框 //style.setBorderRight(CellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框 return style; } /** * 删除文件 * @param fileDir * @return */ public boolean deleteExcel(){ boolean flag = false; File file = new File(this.fileDir); // 判断目录或文件是否存在 if (!file.exists()) { // 不存在返回 false return flag; } else { // 判断是否为文件 if (file.isFile()) { // 为文件时调用删除文件方法 file.delete(); flag = true; } } return flag; } /** * 删除文件 * @param fileDir * @return */ public boolean deleteExcel(String path){ boolean flag = false; File file = new File(path); // 判断目录或文件是否存在 if (!file.exists()) { // 不存在返回 false return flag; } else { // 判断是否为文件 if (file.isFile()) { // 为文件时调用删除文件方法 file.delete(); flag = true; } } return flag; } }
package com.excel; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class ExcelTest { public static void main(String[] args) { //1.获取数据[数据库] List<Man> dataList = new ArrayList(); Man man1 = new Man("张三",20,"男",(float)10000.8); Man man2 = new Man("李四",21,"男",(float)11000.8); Man man3 = new Man("王五",22,"女",(float)1200.8); Man man4 = new Man("赵六",23,"男",(float)13000.8); Man man5 = new Man("田七",24,"男",(float)14000.8); Man man6 = new Man(); man6.setName("老八"); dataList.add(man1);dataList.add(man2);dataList.add(man3);dataList.add(man4);dataList.add(man5); dataList.add(man6); //2.分页,每页显示2行 int pageSize = 2;// 定义每页数据数量 int listCount = dataList.size(); //总数量除以每页显示条数等于页数 int exportTimes = listCount % pageSize > 0 ? listCount / pageSize + 1 : listCount / pageSize; //3.通用的设置(标题、公式等) String titleColumn[] = {"name","sex","idCard","salary",""}; String titleName[] = {"姓名","性别","身份证号","月薪","年薪"}; int titleSize[] = {13,13,13,13,13}; //其他设置 set方法可全不调用 String colFormula[] = new String[5]; colFormula[4] = "D@*12"; //设置第5列的公式 //工具对象 ExcelExportUtil pee = new ExcelExportUtil("E:/test.xls","sheet"); //4.循环获取产生每页数据 for (int i = 0; i < exportTimes; i++) { pee.setColFormula(colFormula); pee.setAddress("A:D"); //自动筛选 List<Man> subList = dataList.subList(i*pageSize, ((i+1)*pageSize)); pee.wirteExcel(titleColumn, titleName, titleSize, subList, "sheet" + (i + 1)); } System.out.println("excel生成完毕！"); } }
二、java读取excel文件：
package com.excel; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray; /** * Excel数据封装对象 * @author kongzhimin * */ public class ExcelEntity { /** * EXCEL表头字段 */ private String[] heard; /** * EXCEL内容封装 */ private JSONArray context; public String[] getHeard() { return heard; } public void setHeard(String[] heard) { this.heard = heard; } public JSONArray getContext() { return context; } public void setContext(JSONArray context) { this.context = context; } @Override public String toString() { return JSON.toJSONString(this); } }
package com.excel; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.text.DecimalFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Map; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONArray; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; /** * excel工具类 * @author weijiaquan * */ public class ExcelUtil { private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ExcelUtil.class); /** * EXCEL读取的数据表对象 */ private static Sheet sheet; /** * 行数 */ private static Integer rowNum; /** * 列数 */ private static Integer colNum; /** * 数据表表头位置 */ private static Integer headNum; /** * 数据表表头字段与bean字段映射 */ private Map<String,String> headMap; /** * excel 内容 */ private static JSONArray excelContent = new JSONArray(); /** * excel 标题 */ private static String[] excelTitle = new String[0]; /** * 表头字段列表 */ private static String[] heads = {"dateTime","hours","publicNum","mediaName","mediaSource","sums","dNum","iNum"}; /** * workbook */ private static Workbook workbook; /** * 解析excel * @param file * @return * @throws IOException */ public static void readerExcel(File file) throws IOException { // 1.检查文件 checkFile(file); // 2.获得Workbook工作薄对象 workbook = getWorkBook(file); if (workbook != null) { System.out.println("excel总页数sheetNum= "+ workbook.getNumberOfSheets()); for (int sheetNum = 0; sheetNum < workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); sheetNum++) { // 3.初始化init System.out.println("第" + sheetNum + "页"); init(sheetNum); // 4.读取Excel // 4.1 获取title[不用分页读取]--title理应一样 // 4.2获取内容[取所有页的内容] JSONArray currentContent = readExcelContent(); System.out.println("currentContent" + sheetNum + "--" + currentContent.size()); for (Object object : currentContent) { excelContent.add(object); } if (sheet == null) { continue; } } } } /** * 获取每个单元格的值 * @param cell * @return */ public static String getCellValue(Cell cell) { String cellValue = ""; if (cell == null) { return cellValue; } // 判断数据的类型 switch (cell.getCellType()) { case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: // 数字 cellValue = stringDateProcess(cell); break; case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING: // 字符串 cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue()); break; case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN: // Boolean cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue()); break; case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: // 公式 cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getCellFormula()); break; case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK: // 空值 cellValue = ""; break; case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR: // 故障 cellValue = "非法字符"; break; default: cellValue = "未知类型"; break; } return cellValue; } /** * 时间格式处理 * @return * @author weijiaquan */ public static String stringDateProcess(Cell cell){ String result = new String(); if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {// 处理日期格式、时间格式 SimpleDateFormat sdf = null; if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("h:mm")) { sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm"); } else {// 日期 sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); } Date date = cell.getDateCellValue(); result = sdf.format(date); } else if (cell.getCellStyle().getDataFormat() == 58) { // 处理自定义日期格式：m月d日(通过判断单元格的格式id解决，id的值是58) SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); double value = cell.getNumericCellValue(); Date date = org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil .getJavaDate(value); result = sdf.format(date); } else { double value = cell.getNumericCellValue(); CellStyle style = cell.getCellStyle(); DecimalFormat format = new DecimalFormat("#,#######"); String temp = style.getDataFormatString(); // 单元格设置成常规 if (temp.equals("General")) { format.applyPattern("#"); } result = format.format(value); } return result; } /** * 检查文件 * @param file * @throws IOException */ public static void checkFile(File file) throws IOException{ //判断文件是否存在 if(null == file){ log.error("文件不存在！"); } //获得文件名 String fileName = file.getName(); //判断文件是否是excel文件 if(!fileName.endsWith("xls") && !fileName.endsWith("xlsx")){ log.error(fileName + "不是excel文件"); } } /** * 获得Workbook工作薄对象 * @param file * @return */ public static Workbook getWorkBook(File file) { //获得文件名 String fileName = file.getName(); //创建Workbook工作薄对象，表示整个excel Workbook workbook = null; try { //获取excel文件的io流 InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file); //根据文件后缀名不同(xls和xlsx)获得不同的Workbook实现类对象 if(fileName.endsWith("xls")){ //2003 workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(is); }else if(fileName.endsWith("xlsx")){ //2007 及2007以上 workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(is); } } catch (IOException e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } return workbook; } /** * 读取Excel表格表头的内容 * @param InputStream * @return String 表头内容的数组 */ private static String[] readExcelTitle() { Row row = sheet.getRow(headNum); System.out.println("colNum:" + colNum); String[] title = new String[colNum]; for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) { title[i] = getCellValue(row.getCell(i)); } return title; } /** * reader初始化方法 * @throws IOException */ private static void init(Integer sheetNum) throws IOException { sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(sheetNum); rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum(); headNum = 0; colNum = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); heads = readExcelTitle(); } /** * 解析EXCEL文件成为Entity对象 * @return ExcelEntity Excel解析实体对象 * @throws IOException */ public static ExcelEntity parseExcelToEntity(File file) throws IOException { //1.解析excel readerExcel(file); //2.封装对象 ExcelEntity entity = new ExcelEntity(); entity.setHeard(readExcelTitle()); entity.setContext(excelContent); return entity; } /** * 读取Excel数据内容 * @param InputStream * @return JSONArray 包含单元格数据内容的对象 */ private static JSONArray readExcelContent() { JSONArray array = new JSONArray(); for (int i = headNum+1; i <= rowNum; i++) { array.add(parseRowToObject(i)); } return array; } /** * 数据表行转化JSONObject * @param rowNum * @return */ private static JSONObject parseRowToObject(Integer rowNum) { JSONObject object = new JSONObject(); Row row = sheet.getRow(rowNum); for (int i = 0; i < colNum; i++) { object.put(heads[i], getCellValue(row.getCell(i))); } return object; } public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { File file = new File("C:\Users\weijiaquan\excel\201807091922.xls"); ExcelEntity excelEntity = parseExcelToEntity(file); JSONArray context = excelEntity.getContext(); for (int i = 0; i < context.size(); i++) { com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject jsonObject = context.getJSONObject(i); String sql = "INSERT INTO T(groupId,lenderId,lenderUrlId,nPriority,nStatus,createBy,createdDate,updateBy,updatedDate) VALUES (17101,%s,%s,%s,0,'system',now(),'system',now());"; String format = String.format(sql, jsonObject.get("lenderid"), jsonObject.get("urlid"), jsonObject.get("order")); System.out.println(format); //System.out.println(jsonObject); } } }