Jsp的学习算是告一段落，针对这段时间的学习，写了一个Jsp小项目来巩固学到的知识。
框架示意图
User list process
UserAdd process
需要的界面效果：
需要工具：Eclipse、TomCat v8.0和PL/SQL
先用PL/SQL创建一个用户c##cms，并创建一个cms_user表单
首先，需要写一个JSP——add界面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>" /> <title>用户添加</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/validator/component.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/navbar/nav.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/table/skin.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/time/skin.css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="jscript/time/calendar.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jscript/time/calendar-zh.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jscript/time/calendar-setup.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jscript/common.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jscript/validator/form_validator.js" /></script> <style type="text/css"> body, table, td, select, textarea, input { font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } </style> </head> <body> <div id="main"> <form name="backuserform" method="post" action="admin/UserAddServlet" onSubmit='return submitForm(document.forms[0]);'> <table class="standard"> <thead> <tr> <th align="center" colspan="2">用户添加</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td align="left">用户名</td> <td align="left"><input name="name" type="text" TABINDEX="1" id="name" /> <div class="Info"> <div id="name_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">用户密码</td> <td align="left"><input name="password" type="password" value="" TABINDEX="2" id="password" /> <div class="Info"> <div id="password_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">角色</td> <td align="left"><select name="role" TABINDEX="4" id="role"> <option value="1">超级管理员</option> </select> <div class="Info"> <div id="role_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">是否有效</td> <td align="left"><select name="valid" TABINDEX="3" id="valid"> <option value="1">有效</option> <option value="0">无效</option> </select> <div class="Info"> <div id="valid_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">EMAIL</td> <td align="left"><input name="email" type="text" value="" TABINDEX="5" id="email" /> <div class="Info"> <div id="email_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left">电话</td> <td align="left"><input name="phone" type="text" value="" TABINDEX="6" id="phone" /> <div class="Info"> <div id="phone_info"></div> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><input class="submitButton" type="submit" TABINDEX="7" name="submit" value="提 交"> <input type="button" name="返回" class="submitButton" value="返回" onclick="history.back();"></td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"></td> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>
本页面接收的数据打包封装并发送到UserServlet，
package com.jaovo.jcms.user; import java.io.IOException; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.util.Date; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.ServletRequest; import javax.servlet.ServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import com.jaovo.jcms.service.UserService; public class UserAddServlet extends HttpServlet{ public UserAddServlet() { super(); } @Override public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { //获取 客户端（浏览器）提交的数据 String name = request.getParameter("name"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); String valid = request.getParameter("valid"); String email = request.getParameter("email"); String phone = request.getParameter("phone"); //把数据封装到User对象里面去 User user = new User(); user.setName(name); user.setEmail(email); user.setPassword(password); user.setPhone(phone); user.setTime_stamp(new Timestamp(new Date().getTime()));//获取系统当前时间，当做注册时间 //这里要进行插入数据库 UserService us = new UserService(); us.addUser(user); this.getServletContext() .getRequestDispatcher("/admin/user_list.jsp") .forward(request, response); } }
UserServlet接收到之后，还需要一个实体类，来封装数据，创建User实体类：
package com.jaovo.jcms.user; import java.util.Date; public class User { private String name; private String password; private int valid; private String email; private String phone; private Date time_stamp; private int id; //private String role; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public int getValid() { return valid; } public void setValid(int valid) { this.valid = valid; } public String getEmail() { return email; } public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; } public String getPhone() { return phone; } public void setPhone(String phone) { this.phone = phone; } public Date getTime_stamp() { return time_stamp; } public void setTime_stamp(Date time_stamp) { this.time_stamp = time_stamp; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public User() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public User(String name, String password, int valid, String email, String phone, Date time_stamp, int id) { super(); this.name = name; this.password = password; this.valid = valid; this.email = email; this.phone = phone; this.time_stamp = time_stamp; this.id = id; } @Override public String toString() { return "User [name=" + name + ", password=" + password + ", valid=" + valid + ", email=" + email + ", phone=" + phone + ", time_stamp=" + time_stamp + ", id=" + id + "]"; } }
调用UserService方法写入数据库（注: 真正连接数据库的方法另外写在一个工具类中，以方便后面优化）：
package com.jaovo.jcms.service; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Date; import com.jaovo.jcms.user.User; import com.jaovo.jcms.util.DB; //服务：是为了往数据库中操作（添加）来创建一个层 public class UserService { //---------------用户添加的方法 public void addUser(User user) { Connection conn = DB.getConnection();//-------已经把事务提交给关闭了 PreparedStatement pstmt = null; String sql = "insert into cms_user(name,password,valid,email,phone,time_stamp) values(?,?,?,?,?,?)"; try { pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); pstmt.setString(1, user.getName()); pstmt.setString(2, user.getPassword()); pstmt.setInt(3, user.getValid()); pstmt.setString(4, user.getEmail()); pstmt.setString(5, user.getPhone()); pstmt.setTimestamp(6, new Timestamp(new Date().getTime())); //执行到数据库 pstmt.executeUpdate(); DB.commit(conn); } catch (SQLException e) { DB.rollback(conn);//回滚 其实一条语句失败了不需要回滚 e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ DB.close(pstmt); DB.close(conn); } } //用户的查询方法 public ArrayList getUser(String name){ String sql = "select name,password,valid,time_stamp,email,phone,id from cms_user where name like ?"; Connection conn = DB.getConnection(); PreparedStatement pstmt = null; ResultSet rs = null; ArrayList<User> list = new ArrayList<User>(); try { pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql); pstmt.setString(1, "%"+name+"%"); rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); while (rs.next()) { User user = new User(); user.setName(rs.getString(1)); user.setPassword(rs.getString(2)); user.setValid(rs.getInt(3)); user.setTime_stamp(rs.getTimestamp(4)); user.setEmail(rs.getString(5)); user.setPhone(rs.getString(6)); user.setId(rs.getInt(7));//------返回数据库，查看序列 list.add(user); } } catch (SQLException e) { DB.rollback(conn); e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ DB.close(rs); DB.close(pstmt); DB.commit(conn); DB.close(conn); } return list; } }
真正连接数据库的工具类，DB类：
package com.jaovo.jcms.util; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; //DB.java 是一个Jdbc链接类 /* * 只是一个工具类 */ public class DB { //用来获取数据库链接 public static Connection getConnection() { Connection conn = null; try { Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"); conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl","c##cms","cms"); //------------------- //事务提交为false conn.setAutoCommit(false); } catch (SQLException | ClassNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return conn; } //关闭语句对象 public static void close(PreparedStatement pstmt){ try { if (pstmt != null) { pstmt.close(); } } catch (SQLException e) { System.out.println("关闭异常-语句对象DB---------"); e.printStackTrace(); } } //关闭返回集 public static void close(ResultSet rs) { try { if (rs != null) { rs.close(); } } catch (SQLException e) { System.out.println("关闭异常-返回集DB-----------"); e.printStackTrace(); } } //关闭链接 public static void close(Connection conn) { try { if (conn != null) { conn.close(); } } catch (SQLException e) { System.out.println("关闭异常-资源DB-----------"); e.printStackTrace(); } } //事务回滚的方法 public static void rollback(Connection conn) { try { conn.rollback(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } //设置手动提交方法 public static void commit(Connection conn) { if (conn != null) { try { conn.commit(); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }
需要配置xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>JCMS</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>userAddServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.jaovo.jcms.user.UserAddServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>userAddServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/admin/userAddServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>userListServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.jaovo.jcms.user.UserListServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>userListServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/admin/userListServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
回到正题，在上面UserServlet里面的，数据封装之后返回user_list.jsp,这个界面负责遍历显示数据库中的用户并提供更改，删除功能（暂未实现，下个版本实现）
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%> <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <%@ page import="java.util.*" %> <%@ page import="com.jaovo.jcms.user.User" %> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <html> <base href="<%=basePath%>" /> <head> <title>backuser</title> <style type="text/css"> body,table,td,select,textarea,input { font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/validator/component.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/navbar/nav.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/table/skin.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" title="xp" href="css/skins/xp/time/skin.css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> function turn(frm,oper,totalpage,curpage,msg){ if(oper=='first'){ if(curpage==1){ return; } frm.pagenum.value = 1; frm.submit(); return; }else if(oper=='prev'){ if(curpage==1){ return; } frm.pagenum.value = (curpage-1); frm.submit(); return; }else if(oper=='next'){ if(curpage>=totalpage){ return; } frm.pagenum.value = (curpage+1); frm.submit(); return; }else if(oper=='last'){ if(curpage>=totalpage){ return; } frm.pagenum.value = totalpage; frm.submit(); return; }else if(oper=='jump'){ var jpage = document.getElementById("jumpto"); var jpagev = curpage; if(jpage.value==""||!(jpage.value.search(/^(-|+)?d+$/) != -1)){ alert(msg); jpage.focus(); jpage.select(); return; }else{ jpagev = parseInt(jpage.value); } if(jpagev==curpage||jpagev>totalpage||jpagev<=0){ return; } frm.pagenum.value = jpagev; frm.submit(); return; } } </script> </head> <% ArrayList userList = (ArrayList)request.getAttribute("userList"); if(userList == null){ userList = new ArrayList(); } %> <body> <div id="main"> <form name="sportform" method="post" action="admin/userListServlet"> <table class="sadminheading" style="top-margin: 10"> <tr> <td nowrap class="admintitle" colspan="3" align="center"> 用户列表 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left" width="10%"> 用户名: </td> <td align="left" width="40%"> <input name="name" type="text" /> </td> <td align="right"> <input type="submit" name="提交" value="提交"/> <input type="hidden" name="pagenum" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="pagerows" value="" /> </td> </tr> </table> </form> <table class="standard"> <thead> <tr> <th> id </th> <th> 用户名 </th> <th> 用户密码 </th> <th> 角色 </th> <th> email </th> <th> 是否有效 </th> <th> </th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <!-- 循环遍历出每个用户的信息 --> <% for(Iterator i = userList.iterator();i.hasNext();){ User user = (User)i.next(); %> <tr> <td> <%=user.getId() %> </td> <td> <%=user.getName() %> </td> <td> <%=user.getPassword() %> </td> <td> --Null-- </td> <td> <%=user.getEmail() %> </td> <td> <%=user.getValid() %> </td> <td> <a href='#' onclick="location.href='user_update.html';">修改</a> <a href='#' onclick="if(confirm('delete')) location.href='user_list.html?id=1';">删除</a> </td> </tr> <% } %> <!-- 循环结束 --> <tr> <td colspan="7"> No data found </td> </tr> </tbody> <tfoot> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="text-align: left"> 1/1 total rows 1 </td> <td colspan="4" align="right"> <a href="#" onclick="turn(document.forms[0],'first',5,1,'jump page');">first</a> <a href="#" onclick="turn(document.forms[0],'prev', 5,1,'jump page');">prev</a> <a href="#" onclick="turn(document.forms[0],'next',5,1,'jump page');">next</a> <a href="#" onclick="turn(document.forms[0],'last',5,1,'jump page');">last</a> go <input type="text" name="cpage" size="5" id="jumpto" /> <a href="#" onclick="turn(document.forms[0],'jump',5,1,'jump page');">go</a> </td> </tr> </tfoot> </table> </div> </body> </html>
真正遍历显示数据在userListServlet：
package com.jaovo.jcms.user; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.jaovo.jcms.service.UserService; public class UserListServlet extends HttpServlet{ @Override protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String name = request.getParameter("name"); UserService us = new UserService(); //---------调用它里面的查询方法----------- ArrayList<User> userList = us.getUser(name); //---------设置到request对象里面去 request.setAttribute("userList", userList); this.getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/admin/user_list.jsp").forward(request, response);//-------------跳转回去 } }
遍历出数据，携带数据跳转回到list界面，这就算初步完成了。
效果图：
创建一个用户之后查看当前所有用户：
做一个勤劳的码农