异步回调函数-创建进程的三种方式

回调函数

有两个类,A,B,在类A中调用B,在B中调用A的方法完成A的工作,那么这个在B类中调用的A的函数就称为回调函数。

异步回掉函数:类A将自己的工作交给类B后,继续执行剩下的程序,而B继续完成A交给的工作。

使用方法:

1、定义一个接口

2、A可以直接继承此接口,也可以定义一个内部类继承此接口;

  定义一个方法,调用B中的方法

3、B中的方法调用A中的方法。

//定义接口
public interface doJob {
    public void fillBlank(int a,int b,int result) throws InterruptedException;
}

//定义A类
public class Student {
    private String name = null;

    public Student(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
    private int calcAdd(int a,int b){
        return a+b;
    }
    private int useCalculator(int a,int b){
        return new Calculator().add(a,b);
    }
    public void fillBlank(int a,int b){
        int result = useCalculator(a,b);
        System.out.println(name + "使用计算器:" + a + " + " + b + " = " + result);
    }
    public void fillBlank(int result){
        System.out.println(name + "使用计算器: a + b = " + result);
    }
    public class doHomeWork implements doJob{
        public void fillBlank(int a, int b, int result) throws InterruptedException {
            System.out.println(name + "求助小红计算:" +a+" + "+b+" = "+result);
        }
    }
    public void callHelp(final int a,final int b) throws InterruptedException {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(5000);
                    new SuperCalculator().add(a,b,new doHomeWork());
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

    }
}


//定义B类
public class SuperCalculator {
    public void add(int a,int b,doJob s) throws InterruptedException {
        int result = a +b;
        s.fillBlank(a,b,result);
    }
}

//主函数,测试
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        int a =1;
        int b = 2;
        Student s = new Student("小明");
        s.callHelp(a,b);
        System.out.println("结束");
    }
}
View Code

输出结果:
结束
小明求助小红计算:1 + 2 = 3

线程的三种方式

Runnable

实现Runnable接口,需要实现run方法,run方法中可以调用其他方法,使用其他类,并声明变量,就像主线程一样,代码如下:

public class RunableProcessor implements Runnable {
    private Thread t;
    private String threadName;

    public RunableProcessor(String threadName) {
        this.threadName = threadName;
    }

    public void run() {
        System.out.println("ssss");
    }
    public void start(){
        t = new Thread(this,threadName);
        t.start();
    }
}

//调用
public class TestThread {

   public static void main(String args[]) {
      RunnableProcessor R1 = new RunnableProcessor( "Thread-1");
      R1.start();
   }  
}

Thread

继承Thread类,run方法中可以调用其他方法,使用其他类,并声明变量,就像主线程一样,代码如下:

public class ThreadProcessor extends Thread {
    private String name = "sss";
    private Thread t;
    
    @Override
    public synchronized void start() {
        t = new Thread(this,name);
        t.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(name);
    }       
}
//调用
public class TestThread {

   public static void main(String args[]) {
      ThreadProcessorR1 = new ThreadProcessor( "Thread-1");
      R1.start();
   }  
}

Thread类本身有一些函数,比如修改进程名字,修改优先级。

Callable方式

此方式有返回值,需要继承Callable接口实现call方法。to那个锅FutureTask来完成调用。

//实现Callable接口
public class CallableProcessor implements Callable<String> {
    private String str = "s";
    public String call() throws Exception {
        String result = "";
        for(int i =0;i<20;i++){
            result.concat(str);
            result += str;
        }
        return result;
    }
}

//调用,并获取返回值
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CallableProcessor callableProcessor = new CallableProcessor();
        FutureTask<String> ft = new FutureTask<String>(callableProcessor);
        Thread t = new Thread(ft);
        t.start();
        try {
            System.out.println(ft.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.exit(0);
    }
}
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wind-man/p/11127099.html