2016多校第六场题解(hdu5793&hdu5794&hdu5795&hdu5800&hdu5802)

这场就做出一道题,怎么会有窝这么辣鸡的人呢?

1001 A Boring Question(hdu 5793)

很复杂的公式,打表找的规律,最后是m^0+m^1+...+m^n,题解直接是(m^(n+1)-1)/(m-1),长姿势,原来还能化简……

我既然不会推公式,也没啥好写的。写一下我打表的代码吧……

#include <cstdio>

typedef long long ll;

int n, m;
ll sum;
ll fac[300];
int a[300];

void init()
{
    fac[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 20; ++i) fac[i] = fac[i-1] * i;
}

void dfs(int p)
{
    if (p == m) {
        ll tmp = 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < m-1; ++i) {
            tmp *= fac[ a[i+1] ] / fac[ a[i] ] / fac[ a[i+1]-a[i] ];
        }
        sum += tmp;
        return ;
    }
    for (int i = a[p-1]; i <= n; ++i) {
        a[p] = i;
        dfs(p+1);
    }
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    init();

    for (int i = 0; i <= 5; ++i) {
        for (int j = 2; j <= 8; ++j) {
            sum = 0;
            n = i, m = j;
            dfs(0);
            printf("%-8lld", sum);
        }
        printf("
");
    }

    return 0;
}

1002 A Simple Chess(hdu 5794)

一个棋盘,走棋的姿势要满足(x1-x2)^2+(y1-y2)^2==5,也就是以“日”字走,且只能向右下走。

其中有一些障碍不能经过,注意障碍有可能在终点,求从(1,1)走到(n,m)的路径数。

容斥+组合数 这题的简单版CF559C(对啊,我做过这题,我还是没做出来,wa了十多次,啦啦啦)

over是防止重点的,感觉不会有重点,但是比赛时是实在没辙了=_=#

这道题教育我,取模需谨慎!- -

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const ll MOD = 110119;
const int MAX_P = 2000005;
 
ll powMod(ll a, ll b, ll mod)
{
    ll res = 1;
    while (b) {
        if (b & 1) res = res * a % mod;
        a = a * a % mod;
        b >>= 1;
    }
    return res;
}
 
ll fac[MAX_P];
void getFact()
{
    fac[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 2000000; ++i)
        fac[i] = fac[i - 1] * i % MOD;
}
 
ll Lucas(ll n, ll m, ll p)
{
    ll res = 1;
    while (n && m) {
        ll a = n % p;
        ll b = m % p;
        if (a < b) return 0;
        res = res * fac[a] % p * powMod(fac[b] * fac[a - b] % p, p - 2, p) % p;
        n /= p;
        m /= p;
    }
    return res;
}

struct Point {
    ll x, y;
    Point(ll x, ll y):x(x),y(y){}
    Point(){}
    bool operator<(const Point a) const
    {
        if (x == a.x) return y < a.y;
        return x < a.x;
    }
    bool operator==(const Point a) const
    {
        if (x == a.x && y == a.y) return true;
        return false;
    }
} p[2005];


ll cal(Point a, Point b)
{
    ll dx = b.x - a.x;
    ll dy = b.y - a.y;
    ll r, c;
    if ((dx*2-dy)%3 || (dy*2-dx)%3) return 0;
    ll inv = powMod(3, MOD-2, MOD);
    r = (2 * dx - dy) / 3;
    c = (2 * dy - dx) / 3;
    if (r < 0 || c < 0) return 0;
    if (c == 0 || r == 0) return 1;
    return Lucas(r+c, r, MOD);
}
 
ll ans[2005];
bool over[2005];
int main()
{
    //freopen("in", "r", stdin);
    ll m, n, r;
    getFact();
    int cas = 0;
    while (cin >> m >> n >> r) {
        printf("Case #%d: ", ++cas);
        Point s(1, 1);
        for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) scanf("%lld%lld", &p[i].x, &p[i].y);
        p[r].x = m, p[r].y = n;
        sort(p, p + r);
        if (p[r-1].x == m && p[r-1].y == n) {
            printf("0
");
            continue;
        }
        memset(over, false, sizeof over);
        for (int i = 1; i < r; ++i) {
            if (p[i] == p[i-1]) over[i] = true;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i <= r; ++i) {
            if (over[i]) continue;
            ans[i] = cal(s, p[i]);
            for (int j = 0; j < i; ++j) {
                if (over[j]) continue;
                if (p[j].x < p[i].x && p[j].y < p[i].y) {
                    ans[i] = ((ans[i] - cal(p[j], p[i]) * ans[j] % MOD) % MOD + MOD) % MOD;
                }
            }
        }
        ans[r] = (ans[r] + MOD) % MOD;
        printf("%lld
", ans[r]);
    }
    return 0;
}

1003 A Simple Nim(hdu 5795)

nim博弈变形

有n堆糖,每次拿走一堆的任意个, 或者把一堆分成三堆。

对一堆求SG函数值,然后打表找规律,感觉不难,但是没想明白,后来有一个网友提醒我(额 虽然比赛时这样不太好……),终于开始写,其实一开始我是蒙蔽的,写写的突然清晰了,但是错了一个数……sg[2]应该是2,我竟然随手写成了0,妈蛋T^T

只能说掌握的不好0。0

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#define PF(x) cout << "debug: " << x << " ";
#define EL cout << endl;
#define PC(x) puts(x);

typedef long long ll;

const int N = 1000005;
const int MOD = 1e9+7;

int a[N];
int sg[N];

int get_sg(int x)
{
    if (x == 0) return 0;
    if (x == 1) return 1;
    if (x == 2) return 2;

    if (sg[x] != -1) return sg[x];

    int mex[200000] = {0};

    for (int i = 1; i < x; ++i) {
        for (int j = i; j < x-i; ++j) {
            int k = x - i - j;
            if (k <= 0) break;
            int tmp = get_sg(i) ^ get_sg(j) ^ get_sg(k);
            mex[tmp] = 1;
        }
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < x; ++i) {
        mex[get_sg(i)] = 1;
    }

    for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
        if (!mex[i]) return sg[x] = i;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    // memset(sg, -1, sizeof sg);

    // for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
    //     cout << i << " " << get_sg(i) << endl;
    // }


    //freopen("in", "r", stdin);
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T--) {
        int n;
        scanf("%d", &n);
        int ans = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            scanf("%d", a+i);
            if (a[i] % 8 == 0) a[i]--;
            else if (a[i] % 8 == 7) a[i]++;
            ans ^= a[i];
        }
        printf("%s
", ans ? "First player wins.":"Second player wins.");
    }
    return 0;
}

1008 To My Girlfriend(hdu5800)

题意:f(i,j,k,l,m)表示n个物体,必须选择第i,j个,一定不选择第k,l个,且物品重量和为m的选择方法数。求 其中i,j,k,l各不相同。

题解:dp。

令dp[i][j][s1][s2]表示前i个物品填了j的体积,有s1个物品选为为必选,s2个物品选为必不选的方案数(0<=s1,s2<=2),则有转移方程dp[i][j][s1][s2] = dp[i - 1][j][s1][s2] + dp[i - 1][j - a[i]][s1 - 1][s2] + dp[i - 1][j][s1][s2 - 1],边界条件为dp[0][0][0][0] = 1,时间复杂度O(NS*3^2)。

dp[i][j][s1][s2] = dp[i - 1][j][s1][s2] + dp[i-1][j-a[i]][s1][s2] + dp[i - 1][j - a[i]][s1 - 1][s2] + dp[i - 1][j][s1][s2 - 1] 

         ^不必选a[i] 不选          ^不必选 选a[i]                 ^ 必选a[i]                               ^必不选a[i]

dp开成long long会超内存,所以改成int ,注意不要爆,也可以改成滚动数组。

因为f(i,j,k,l,m)==f(j,i,k,l,m)==f(i,j,l,k,m)==f(j,i,l,k,m) 所以一个dp[n][s][2][2]是会被重复计算4次的,答案要*4.

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int MOD = 1e9+7;
const int N = 1005;
int a[N];
int dp[N][N][3][3];

void up(int &x, int y)
{
    x += y;
    if (x >= MOD) x -= MOD;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    //freopen("in", "r", stdin);
    int T;
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T--) {
        int n, s;
        scanf("%d%d", &n, &s);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%d", a+i);
        memset(dp, 0, sizeof dp);
        dp[0][0][0][0] = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j <= s; ++j) {
                for (int s1 = 0; s1 <= 2; ++s1) {
                    for (int s2 = 0; s2 <= 2; ++s2) {
                        int &now = dp[i][j][s1][s2];
                        up(now, dp[i-1][j][s1][s2]);    //非必选 不选
                        if (j >= a[i]) up(now, dp[i-1][j-a[i]][s1][s2]);    // 非必选 选
                        if (s1 > 0 && j >= a[i]) up(now, dp[i-1][j-a[i]][s1-1][s2]);    // 必选
                        if (s2 > 0) up(now, dp[i-1][j][s1][s2-1]);    // 必不选
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        int ans = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j <= s; ++j) {
            up(ans, dp[n][j][2][2]);
        }
        printf("%lld
", (ll)ans * 4 % MOD);
    }
    return 0;
}

1010 Windows 10(hdu5802)

题意:(比赛时就没看懂题)音量上调是一秒提升1db,下降时,第一秒1db,连续下降每秒下降前一秒的一倍。求p~q需要几秒。

题解:感觉这题属于比较好想但是不易写代码的,如果p≤q,显然直接出结果,否则,先降到最接近q的位置,低于q就一秒一秒加上来,大于q就递归求解。

由于每两次递减需要停顿,所以可以把上升的次数放在递减之间,于是递归时需要记录有多少次按住的递减。

同时因为音量不能小于0,所以要特殊考虑一下。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;

ll pow2[31];
ll p, q;

void init()
{
    pow2[1] = 1;
    for (int i = 2; i < 31; ++i) pow2[i] = pow2[i-1] * 2;
    for (int i = 2; i < 31; ++i) pow2[i] += pow2[i-1];
}

ll cal(ll p, ll ti)//ti是下压的次数 中间要停顿或者反向哦
{
    if (p-q == 0) return ti - 1;
    if (p-q == 1) return ti + 1;

    int pos = lower_bound(pow2, pow2+31, p-q) - pow2;
    ll g = pow2[pos];
    ll s = pow2[pos-1];
    ll ans;
    // g≥p-q
    if (p-g < 0) ans = max(ti, q) + pos;
    else ans = max(ti, g-p+q) + pos;
    // s<p-q
    ans = min(ans, pos-1+cal(p-s, ti+1));
    return ans;
}

int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
    //freopen("in", "r", stdin);
    init();
    int T;
    cin >> T;
    while (T--) {
        scanf("%lld%lld", &p, &q);
        if (p <= q) printf("%lld
", q-p);
        else printf("%lld
", cal(p, 0));
    }
    return 0;
}

怎么会有窝这么弱的人呢?

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/wenruo/p/5737767.html