Python监控文件变化有两种库：pyinotify和watchdog。pyinotify依赖于Linux平台的inotify，后者则对不同平台的的事件都进行了封装。也就是说，watchdog跨平台。
下面看一个小demo
from watchdog.observers import Observer
from watchdog.events import *
import time
class FileEventHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
def __init__(self):
FileSystemEventHandler.__init__(self)
def on_moved(self, event):
if event.is_directory:
print("directory moved from {0} to {1}".format(event.src_path,event.dest_path))
else:
print("file moved from {0} to {1}".format(event.src_path,event.dest_path))
def on_created(self, event):
if event.is_directory:
print("directory created:{0}".format(event.src_path))
else:
print("file created:{0}".format(event.src_path))
def on_deleted(self, event):
if event.is_directory:
print("directory deleted:{0}".format(event.src_path))
else:
print("file deleted:{0}".format(event.src_path))
def on_modified(self, event):
if event.is_directory:
print("directory modified:{0}".format(event.src_path))
else:
print("file modified:{0}".format(event.src_path))
if __name__ == "__main__":
observer = Observer()
event_handler = FileEventHandler()
observer.schedule(event_handler,"d:/dcm",True)
observer.start()
try:
while True:
time.sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
observer.stop()
observer.join()
watchdog主要采用观察者模型（废话，从变量命名就可以看出来）。主要有三个角色：observer，event_handler，被监控的文件夹。三者原本是独立的，主要通过observer.schedule函数将三者串起来，意思为observer不断检测调用平台依赖代码对监控文件夹进行变动检测，当发现改变时，通知event_handler处理。最后特别推荐读者有时间可以阅读一下watchdog的源码，写的易懂而且架构很好。