Java POST和GET 发送请求案例

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Person(对象)

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

PersonReq（请求参数对象）

public class PersonReq {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

DemoService（业务类）

package com.demo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Service
public class DemoService {
    /**
     * 获取列表
     *
     * @param personReq 对象参数
     * @return
     */
    public List<Person> personList(PersonReq personReq) {
        List<Person> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAge(personReq.getAge());
        person.setName(personReq.getName());
        Person person1 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("2诗");
        list.add(person);
        list.add(person1);
        return list;
    }

    public List<Person> personList() {
        List<Person> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setAge(10);
        person.setName("1诗");
        Person person1 = new Person();
        person1.setAge(20);
        person1.setName("2诗");
        list.add(person);
        list.add(person1);
        return list;
    }
}

DemoController（控制类）

package com.demo;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoController {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    @Autowired
    DemoService demo;

    @PostMapping("/list")
    public List<Person> getPerson(@RequestBody PersonReq personReq) {
        List<Person> people = demo.personList(personReq);
        logger.info("list:{}", JSON.toJSONString(people));
        return people;
    }

    @GetMapping("/list1")
    public List<Person> getPerson() {
        List<Person> people = demo.personList();
        logger.info("list1:{}", JSON.toJSONString(people));
        return people;
    }
}

Application （启动类）

启动项目，然后下一步，外部 就可以开始调接口了

package com;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;

@EnableScheduling
@EnableSwagger2
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

HttpClients（工具类）

package com.demo;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * HTTP 工具类
 */
public class HttpClients {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClients.class);


    /**
     * 向指定URL发送POST方法的请求
     *
     * @param url
     * @param param
     * @param ContentType
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, String param, String ContentType) {
        String result = "";
        try {
            //存储请求
            PrintWriter out;

            //存储接口返回的response
            BufferedReader in;

            // 获取访问地址
            //得到网络访问对象java.net.HttpURLConnection
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);

            //设置请求参数，以流的形式连接
            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();

            //设置http的请求头
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");

            //设置请求的Contenttype
            if (ContentType == null || ContentType.equals("")) {
                if (isJson(param)) {
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
                } else {
                    if (url.toLowerCase().contains(".asmx")) {
                        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8");
                    } else {
                        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/xml;charset=utf-8");
                    }
                }
            } else {
                conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", ContentType);
            }

            //特殊处理：如果是1.0的请求则进一步具体设定setRequestProperty，并对xml格式做优化
            if (url.toLowerCase().contains(".asmx")) {
                if (url.toLowerCase().contains("datacomparews")) {
                    conn.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/DataTableCompare");
                    String Xml = "<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>" +
                            "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">" +
                            "<soap:Body>";
                    Xml += param.replace("<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>", "");
                    Xml += "</soap:Body></soap:Envelope>";
                    param = Xml;
                } else {
                    String Xml = "<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>" +
                            "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">" +
                            "<soap:Body><Request xmlns="http://tempuri.org/"><requestXML>" + "<![CDATA[";
                    Xml += param.replace("<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>", "");
                    Xml += "]]></requestXML></Request></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>";
                    param = Xml;
                    conn.setRequestProperty("SOAPAction", "http://tempuri.org/Request");
                }
            }

            //keep-alive 发出的请求建议服务器端保留连接，这样下次向同一个服务器发请求时可以走同一个连接
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");

            //设置请求的浏览器相关属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

            //设定接受的返回流字节码为UTF-8
            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");
            conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");

            //设置超时时间，如果未设置超时时间，但是访问超时了就会一直卡在这里
            conn.setConnectTimeout(50000 * 12);
            conn.setReadTimeout(50000 * 12);

            //设置是否向HttpURLConnection输出，默认为false,发送post请求的不啊必须设置为true
            conn.setDoOutput(true);

            //设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入，默认为true，不设置也可以
            conn.setDoInput(true);

            //处理输入请求 ,设置请求正文，即要提交的数据
            out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream(), "utf-8"));

            // 写入参数到请求中
            out.print(param);

            //flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();

            //处理输出接口，远程对象变为可用
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));

            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            result = e.getMessage();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
     *
     * @param url 接口URL
     * @return
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url) {
        HttpURLConnection httpConn = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);

            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");

            //设定接受的返回流字节码为UTF-8
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");
            httpConn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");
            
            httpConn.setConnectTimeout(5000);
            httpConn.setReadTimeout(5000);
            //读取响应
            if (httpConn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
                String tempStr = "";
                // 建立实际的连接
                httpConn.connect();
                // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
                in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream()));
                while ((tempStr = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    content.append(tempStr);
                }
                return content.toString();
            } else {
                logger.error("request error!");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

            // 使用finally块来关闭输入流
        } finally {
            try {
                in.close();
                httpConn.disconnect();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 判断字符串是不是json格式
     *
     * @param request
     * @return
     */
    private static boolean isJson(String request) {
        try {
            JSONObject.parseObject(request);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
    }


}

Demo1Controller（外部调用类）

package com.demo;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo1")
public class Demo1Controller {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Demo1Controller.class);

    @GetMapping("/list")
    public String getPerson1() {
        PersonReq personReq = new PersonReq();
        personReq.setAge(10);
        personReq.setName("1诗");
        String url = "http://localhost:8080/demo/list";
        String result = HttpClients.sendPost(url, JSON.toJSONString(personReq), "");
        logger.info(" getPerson1 list:{}", result);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * GET 测试
     *
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        String url = "http://localhost:8080/demo/list1";
        String result = HttpClients.sendGet(url);
        logger.info("result:{}", result);
    }


    /**
     * POST 测试
     *
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    /*public static void main(String[] args) {
        PersonReq personReq = new PersonReq();
        personReq.setAge(10);
        personReq.setName("1诗");
        String url = "http://localhost:8080/demo/list";
        String result = HttpClients.sendPost(url, JSON.toJSONString(personReq), "");
        logger.info("result:{}", result);
    }*/
}

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