hadoop 分布式集群安装

centos7 安装hadoop 2.7 - 准备工作

三台机器（内存大于2G）分别写hosts、设定hostname

172.7.15.113 master
 
172.7.15.114 slave1
 
172.7.15.115 slave2
 
关闭selinux
 
关闭firewalld
 
systemctl disable firewalld
 
systemctl stop firewalld
 
yum install -y iptables-services
 
systemctl enable iptables
 
systemctl start iptables
 
service iptables save

centos7 安装hadoop 2.7 - 密钥登陆

master可以通过密钥登陆本机和两台slave

master上生成密钥对：

ssh-keygen 一直回车

复制~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub 内容到本机和两台slave的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

设置本机和两台slave机器上的~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件权限为600

chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

在master上

ssh master

ssh slave1

ssh slave2

可以直接登陆

2.1 安装hadoop-安装jdk

hadoop2.7 需要安装jdk1.7版本

下载地址

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html

解压压缩包 tar zxf jdk1.7.0_79.tar.gz

mv jdk1.7.0_79 /usr/local/

编写环境变量配置 vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh 写入

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

java -version 查看是否生效

slave1 和 slave2 重复上面的操作

以下操作在master上执行

下载地址 http://hadoop.apache.org/releases.html 镜像站 http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.1/

下载2.7.1 binary版本 wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/hadoop/common/hadoop-2.7.1/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz

其他下载源参考 http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.15.1.tar.gz

解压 tar zxf hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
 
mv hadoop-2.7.1 /usr/local/hadoop
 
cd /usr/local/hadoop
 
mkdir tmp dfs dfs/data dfs/name
 
把/usr/local/hadoop 目录分别拷贝至两个slave上  (slave1,slave2 上都需要安装 rsync)
 
rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop  slave1:/usr/local/
 
rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop  slave2:/usr/local/

2.3 安装hadoop-配置hadoop

master上

vim /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://172.7.15.113:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
        <value>131702</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

master上

  vim  /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:9001</value>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
    <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

master上

vim  /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:10020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:19888</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

master上

vim  /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.auxservices.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
        <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:8030</value>
    </property>
 
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:8031</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:8033</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>172.7.15.113:8088</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb</name>
        <value>768</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

以下在master上操作

cd  /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop
vi  hadoop-env.sh  //更改JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79
vi yarn-env.sh  //更改JAVA_HOME
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.7.0_79
vi  slaves //改为如下
172.7.15.114
172.7.15.115

将master上的etc目录同步至两个slave

rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop/etc/ slave1:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/
rsync -av /usr/local/hadoop/etc/ slave2:/usr/local/hadoop/etc/

centos7 安装hadoop 2.7 - 启动hadoop

在master上操作即可，两个slave会自动启动

初始化
/usr/local/hadoop/bin/hdfs namenode -format
启动服务
/usr/local/hadoop/sbin/start-all.sh
停止服务
/usr/local/hadoop/sbin/stop-all.sh
访问
浏览器打开http://172.7.15.113:8088/
浏览器打开http://172.7.15.113:50070/

centos7 安装hadoop 2.7 - 测试hadoop

以下操作在master上实现

cd /usr/local/hadoop

建立测试目录 bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /123

如果提示 copyFromLocal: Cannot create directory /123/. Name node is in safe mode.

这是因为开启了安全模式，解决办法

bin/hdfs dfsadmin -safemode leave

将当前目录下的LICENSE.txt复制到hadopp中

bin/hdfs dfs -copyFromLocal ./LICENSE.txt /123

查看/123/下有哪些文件 bin/hdfs dfs -ls /123

用wordcount分析LICENSE.txt bin/hadoop jar ./share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.1.jar wordcount /123/LICENSE.txt /output/123

bin/hdfs dfs -ls /output/123 查看分析后的文件

bin/hdfs dfs -cat /output/123/part-r-00000 查看分析结果