一 vue-router是什么？
vue-router是Vue的路由系统，定位资源的，可以不进行整页刷新去切换页面内容。
二 vue-route安装和配置
vue-router.js 可以下载 也可以用cdn。
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
三 路由的一些方法
1.路由的注册/命名路由/路由的参数
1 <div id="app"> 2 <router-link :to="{name:'home'}">首页</router-link> 3 <router-link :to="{name:'login'}">登录页面</router-link> 4 <router-link to="/wdb?age=20">用户页面</router-link> 5 <router-view></router-view> 6 </div> 7 <script> 8 let url=[ 9 { 10 path:'/', 11 name:'home', **********命名路由 12 component:{ 13 template:`<div> 14 <h1>这是首页</h1> 15 <h2>首页内容</h2> 16 </div>` 17 } 18 }, 19 { 20 path:'/login', 21 name:'login', 22 component:{ 23 template:`<div><h1>这是登录页面</h1></div>`, 24 } 25 }, 26 { 27 path:'/:username', 28 name:'user', 29 component: { 30 template: `<div> 31 <h1>这是用户页面</h1> 32 <p>用户名{{$route.params.username}}</p> 33 <p>年龄{{$route.query.age}}</p> 34 </div>` 35 } 36 } 37 ]; 38 let my_router=new VueRouter({ 39 routes:url, 40 }); 41 const app=new Vue({ 42 el:'#app', 43 router:my_router, 44 mounted(){ 45 console.log(this.$route); 46 console.log(this.$router); 47 console.log(this.$el) 48 } 49 }) 50 </script>
2.子路由注册
1 <div id="app"> 2 <router-link :to="{name:'home'}">首页</router-link> 3 <router-view></router-view> 4 </div> 5 <script> 6 let routes=[ 7 { 8 path:'/', 9 name:'home', 10 redirect:'/wdb', 11 component:{ 12 template:`<div> 13 <h1>这是首页</h1> 14 <router-link to="wdb">WDB</router-link> 15 <router-link to="hgg">HGG</router-link> 16 <router-view></router-view> 17 </div>` 18 }, 19 children:[ 20 { 21 path:'/wdb', 22 name:'wdb', 23 component: { 24 template: `<div><h1>WDB</h1></div>`, 25 } 26 }, 27 { 28 path:'/hgg', 29 name:'hgg', 30 component: { 31 template: `<div><h1>HGG</h1></div>`, 32 } 33 }, 34 ] 35 } 36 ]; 37 let router = new VueRouter({ 38 routes:routes 39 }); 40 const app=new Vue({ 41 el:'#app', 42 router:router, 43 }) 44 </script>
3.手动路由
1 <div id="app"> 2 <router-link :to="{name: 'home'}">首页</router-link> 3 <router-link :to="{name: 'login'}">登录</router-link> 4 <router-link to="/user/wdb?age=22">用户页面</router-link> 5 <router-view></router-view> 6 </div> 7 <template id="my_user"> 8 <div> 9 <h1>这是用户页面</h1> 10 <p>用户名{{$route.params.username}}</p> 11 <p>年龄{{$route.query.age}}</p> 12 <button @click="my_click">点我调转到首页</button> 13 </div> 14 </template> 15 <script> 16 let url=[ 17 { 18 path:'/', 19 name:'home', 20 component:{ 21 template:`<div> 22 <h1>这是首页</h1> 23 <router-link to="/liuye">也哥</router-link> 24 <router-link to="/fengkun">小弟</router-link> 25 <router-view></router-view> 26 </div>` 27 }, 28 children : [ 29 { 30 path: "/liuye", 31 component: { 32 template: `<div><h1>这是也哥地盘</h1></div>` 33 } 34 }, 35 { 36 path: "/fengkun", 37 component: { 38 template: `<div><h1>这是也哥小弟的地盘</h1></div>` 39 } 40 }, 41 ], 42 }, 43 { 44 path:'/login', 45 name:'login', 46 component:{ 47 template:`<div> 48 <h1>这是登录页面</h1> 49 <button @click="my_click">点我跳转到用户页面</button> 50 </div>`, 51 methods:{ 52 my_click:function () { 53 this.$router.push({name:'user',params:{username:'wdb'},query:{age:22}}) 54 } 55 } 56 } 57 }, 58 { 59 path: "/user/:username", 60 name: "user", 61 component: { 62 template: "#my_user", 63 methods: { 64 my_click: function () { 65 // 跳转到首页 66 // this.$router.push({name: "home"}) 67 } 68 } 69 } 70 } 71 ]; 72 let router=new VueRouter({ 73 routes:url, 74 }); 75 const app=new Vue({ 76 el:'#app', 77 router:router, 78 mounted(){}, 79 }) 80 </script>
4.命名的路由视图
1 <div id="app"> 2 <router-link :to="{name: 'home'}">首页</router-link> 3 <router-link :to="{name: 'login'}">登录</router-link> 4 <router-link to="/user/wdb?age=22">用户页面</router-link> 5 <router-view name="my_header"></router-view> 6 <router-view name="my_footer"></router-view> 7 <router-view></router-view> 8 </div> 9 <template id="my_user"> 10 <div> 11 <h1>这是用户页面</h1> 12 <p>用户名{{$route.params.username}}</p> 13 <p>年龄{{$route.query.age}}</p> 14 <button @click="my_click">点我调转到首页</button> 15 </div> 16 </template> 17 <script> 18 let url=[ 19 { 20 path: '/', 21 name: 'home', 22 components: { 23 my_header: { 24 template: `<div><h1>这是头部组件</h1></div>` 25 }, 26 my_footer: { 27 template: `<div><h1>这是底部组件</h1></div>` 28 }, 29 }, 30 }, 31 { 32 path:'/login', 33 name:'login', 34 component:{ 35 template:`<div> 36 <h1>这是登录页面</h1> 37 <button @click="my_click">点我跳转到用户页面</button> 38 </div>`, 39 methods:{ 40 my_click:function () { 41 this.$router.push({name:'user',params:{username:'wdb'},query:{age:22}}) 42 } 43 } 44 } 45 }, 46 { 47 path: "/user/:username", 48 name: "user", 49 component: { 50 template: "#my_user", 51 methods: { 52 my_click: function () { 53 // 跳转到首页 54 // this.$router.push({name: "home"}) 55 } 56 } 57 } 58 } 59 ]; 60 let router=new VueRouter({ 61 routes:url, 62 }); 63 const app=new Vue({ 64 el:'#app', 65 router:router, 66 mounted(){}, 67 }) 68 </script>
5.路由的钩子
1 <div id="app"> 2 <router-link :to="{name: 'home'}">首页</router-link> 3 <router-link :to="{name: 'login'}">登录</router-link> 4 <router-link to="/user/caizhuang?age=48">用户页面</router-link> 5 <router-view></router-view> 6 </div> 7 <script> 8 let url=[ 9 { 10 path:'/', 11 name:'home', 12 meta:{ 13 required_login:false, 14 }, 15 component:{ 16 template:`<div> 17 <h1>这是首页</h1> 18 <router-link to="/liuye">也哥</router-link> 19 <router-link to="/fengkun">小弟</router-link> 20 <router-view></router-view> 21 </div>` 22 }, 23 children:[ 24 { 25 path: "/liuye", 26 meta: { 27 required_login: true 28 }, 29 component: { 30 template: `<div><h1>这是也哥地盘</h1></div>` 31 } 32 }, 33 { 34 path: "/fengkun", 35 component: { 36 template: `<div><h1>这是也哥小弟的地盘</h1></div>` 37 } 38 } 39 ] 40 }, 41 { 42 path: "/login", 43 name: "login", 44 component: { 45 template: `<div><h1>这是登录页面</h1></div>` 46 } 47 }, 48 { 49 path: "/user/:username", 50 meta: { 51 required_login: true 52 }, 53 name: "user", 54 component: { 55 template: `<div> 56 <h1>这是用户页面</h1> 57 <p>用户名{{$route.params.username}}</p> 58 <p>年龄{{$route.query.age}}</p> 59 </div>` 60 } 61 } 62 ]; 63 let router=new VueRouter({ 64 routes:url, 65 }); 66 router.beforeEach(function (to,from,next) { 67 if(to.meta.required_login){ 68 next('/login') 69 }else{ 70 next() 71 } 72 }); 73 const app=new Vue({ 74 el:'#app', 75 router:router, 76 mounted(){} 77 }) 78 </script>
next参数详解
1 next：function 一定要调用这个方法来resolve这个钩子函数。 2 执行效果依赖next方法的调用参数 3 next() 什么都不做继续执行到调转的路由 4 next(false) 中断当前导航 没有跳转 也没有反应 5 next("/") 参数是路径 跳转到该路径 6 next(error) 如果next参数是一个Error实例 导航终止该错误 7 会传递给router.onError()注册过的回调中