一 写plist到~/Library/LaunchAgents/ 目录下
// 配置开机默认启动 -(void)installDaemon{ NSString* launchFolder = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/Library/LaunchAgents",NSHomeDirectory()]; NSString * boundleID = [[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:(NSString *)kCFBundleIdentifierKey]; NSString* dstLaunchPath = [launchFolder stringByAppendingFormat:@"/%@.plist",boundleID]; NSFileManager* fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; BOOL isDir = NO; //已经存在启动项中，就不必再创建 if ([fm fileExistsAtPath:dstLaunchPath isDirectory:&isDir] && !isDir) { return; } //下面是一些配置 NSMutableDictionary* dict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; NSMutableArray* arr = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; [arr addObject:[[NSBundle mainBundle] executablePath]]; [arr addObject:@"-runMode"]; [arr addObject:@"autoLaunched"]; [dict setObject:[NSNumber numberWithBool:true] forKey:@"RunAtLoad"]; [dict setObject:boundleID forKey:@"Label"]; [dict setObject:arr forKey:@"ProgramArguments"]; isDir = NO; if (![fm fileExistsAtPath:launchFolder isDirectory:&isDir] && isDir) { [fm createDirectoryAtPath:launchFolder withIntermediateDirectories:NO attributes:nil error:nil]; } [dict writeToFile:dstLaunchPath atomically:NO]; [arr release]; arr = nil; [dict release]; dict = nil; }
关于启动项的配置可以去开发文档搜索：Creating launchd Daemons and Agents。
取消开机启动则只要删除~/Library/LaunchAgents/ 目录下相应的plist文件即可。
// 取消配置开机默认启动 -(void)unInstallDaemon{ NSString* launchFolder = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/Library/LaunchAgents",NSHomeDirectory()]; BOOL isDir = NO; NSFileManager* fm = [NSFileManager defaultManager]; if (![fm fileExistsAtPath:launchFolder isDirectory:&isDir] && isDir) { return; } NSString * boundleID = [[NSBundle mainBundle] objectForInfoDictionaryKey:(NSString *)kCFBundleIdentifierKey]; NSString* srcLaunchPath = [launchFolder stringByAppendingFormat:@"/%@.plist",boundleID]; [fm removeItemAtPath:srcLaunchPath error:nil]; }
二．使用LoginItemsAE
在开发文档中搜索LoginItemsAE即可搜到它的源码，包含LoginItemsAE.c和LoginItemsAE.h两个文件。其原理是写配置信息到~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginitems.plist 文件。打开com.apple.loginitems.plist文件找到CustomListItems那一项，展开就可以看到开机启动项的一些信息（包括app名称，所在路径。。。）
图1：com.apple.loginitems.plist 开机启动项内容
下面简单介绍下LoginItemsAE.h 中的几个API。
//返回开机启动项列表，传入itemsPtr地址即可， extern OSStatus LIAECopyLoginItems(CFArrayRef *itemsPtr);
//添加开机启动项，hideIt参数一般是传 NO extern OSStatus LIAEAddURLAtEnd(CFURLRef item, Boolean hideIt);
//移除开机启动项 extern OSStatus LIAERemove(CFIndex itemIndex);
是不是觉得上面的接口不是很好用呢，特别是移除启动项的那个接口，必须得知道要移除的index，如果能根据文件路径移除就好了。下面用Objective-C语法重新封装这几个接口，更方便调用。
#import "UKLoginItemRegistry.h" @implementation UKLoginItemRegistry +(NSArray*) allLoginItems { NSArray* itemsList = nil; OSStatus err = LIAECopyLoginItems( (CFArrayRef*) &itemsList ); // Take advantage of toll-free bridging. if( err != noErr ) { NSLog(@"Couldn't list login items error %ld", err); return nil; } return [itemsList autorelease]; } +(BOOL) addLoginItemWithPath: (NSString*)path hideIt: (BOOL)hide { NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath: path]; return [self addLoginItemWithURL: url hideIt: hide]; } //根据文件路径移除启动项 +(BOOL) removeLoginItemWithPath: (NSString*)path { int idx = [self indexForLoginItemWithPath: path]; return (idx != -1) && [self removeLoginItemAtIndex: idx]; // Found item? Remove it and return success flag. Else return NO. } +(BOOL) addLoginItemWithURL: (NSURL*)url hideIt: (BOOL)hide // Main bottleneck for adding a login item. { OSStatus err = LIAEAddURLAtEnd( (CFURLRef) url, hide ); // CFURLRef is toll-free bridged to NSURL. if( err != noErr ) NSLog(@"Couldn't add login item error %ld", err); return( err == noErr ); } +(BOOL) removeLoginItemAtIndex: (int)idx // Main bottleneck for getting rid of a login item. { OSStatus err = LIAERemove( idx ); if( err != noErr ) NSLog(@"Couldn't remove login intem error %ld", err); return( err == noErr ); } +(int) indexForLoginItemWithURL: (NSURL*)url // Main bottleneck for finding a login item in the list. { NSArray* loginItems = [self allLoginItems]; NSEnumerator* enny = [loginItems objectEnumerator]; NSDictionary* currLoginItem = nil; int x = 0; while(( currLoginItem = [enny nextObject] )) { if( [[currLoginItem objectForKey: UKLoginItemURL] isEqualTo: url] ) return x; x++; } return -1; } +(int) indexForLoginItemWithPath: (NSString*)path { NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath: path]; return [self indexForLoginItemWithURL: url]; } +(BOOL) removeLoginItemWithURL: (NSURL*)url { int idx = [self indexForLoginItemWithURL: url]; return (idx != -1) && [self removeLoginItemAtIndex: idx]; // Found item? Remove it and return success flag. Else return NO. } @end
上面的代码是不是觉得亲切多了啊？
不过这几个接口有点缺陷：只能用i386来编译，用x86_64编译会报错的。
三. 使用LaunchServices修改启动项
可以使用LaunchServices/LSSharedFileList.h 里面的方法来更改启动项，但是这些方法只支持10.5及以上的系统。下面简单的介绍下这些方法。
//这个方法返回启动项列表 extern LSSharedFileListRef LSSharedFileListCreate( CFAllocatorRef inAllocator, CFStringRef inListType, CFTypeRef listOptions)
//添加新的启动项 extern LSSharedFileListItemRef LSSharedFileListInsertItemURL( LSSharedFileListRef inList, LSSharedFileListItemRef insertAfterThisItem, CFStringRef inDisplayName, IconRef inIconRef, CFURLRef inURL, CFDictionaryRef inPropertiesToSet, CFArrayRef inPropertiesToClear)
//移除启动项 extern OSStatus LSSharedFileListItemRemove( LSSharedFileListRef inList, LSSharedFileListItemRef inItem)
//最后一个方法用来解析启动项的 URL,用来检索启动项列表里的东西 extern OSStatus LSSharedFileListItemResolve( LSSharedFileListItemRef inItem, UInt32 inFlags, CFURLRef * outURL, FSRef * outRef)
使用下面两个方法来封装上面的这些API，使更易于使用。你也可以改成传入app路径添加启动项。- (void) addAppAsLoginItem:(NSString *)appPath，把这句NSString * appPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath];注视掉就行了。
-(void) addAppAsLoginItem{ NSString * appPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath]; // This will retrieve the path for the application // For example, /Applications/test.app CFURLRef url = (CFURLRef)[NSURL fileURLWithPath:appPath]; // Create a reference to the shared file list. // We are adding it to the current user only. // If we want to add it all users, use // kLSSharedFileListGlobalLoginItems instead of //kLSSharedFileListSessionLoginItems LSSharedFileListRef loginItems = LSSharedFileListCreate(NULL, kLSSharedFileListSessionLoginItems, NULL); if (loginItems) { //Insert an item to the list. LSSharedFileListItemRef item = LSSharedFileListInsertItemURL(loginItems, kLSSharedFileListItemLast, NULL, NULL, url, NULL, NULL); if (item){ CFRelease(item); } } CFRelease(loginItems); } -(void) deleteAppFromLoginItem{ NSString * appPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath]; // This will retrieve the path for the application // For example, /Applications/test.app CFURLRef url = (CFURLRef)[NSURL fileURLWithPath:appPath]; // Create a reference to the shared file list. LSSharedFileListRef loginItems = LSSharedFileListCreate(NULL, kLSSharedFileListSessionLoginItems, NULL); if (loginItems) { UInt32 seedValue; //Retrieve the list of Login Items and cast them to // a NSArray so that it will be easier to iterate. NSArray *loginItemsArray = (NSArray *)LSSharedFileListCopySnapshot(loginItems, &seedValue); int i = 0; for(i ; i< [loginItemsArray count]; i++){ LSSharedFileListItemRef itemRef = (LSSharedFileListItemRef)[loginItemsArray objectAtIndex:i]; //Resolve the item with URL if (LSSharedFileListItemResolve(itemRef, 0, (CFURLRef*) &url, NULL) == noErr) { NSString * urlPath = [(NSURL*)url path]; if ([urlPath compare:appPath] == NSOrderedSame){ LSSharedFileListItemRemove(loginItems,itemRef); } } } [loginItemsArray release]; } }
详情请打开：http://cocoatutorial.grapewave.com/2010/02/creating-andor-removing-a-login-item/
四. 使用NSUserDefaults修改启动项
下面通过分类给NSUserDefaults添加新的方法。
- @implementation NSUserDefaults (Additions)
- - (BOOL)addApplicationToLoginItems:(NSString *)path {
- NSDictionary *domain = [self persistentDomainForName:@"loginwindow"];
- NSArray *apps = [domain objectForKey:@"AutoLaunchedApplicationDictionary"];
- NSArray *matchingApps = [apps filteredArrayUsingPredicate:[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"Path CONTAINS %@", path]];
- if ([matchingApps count] == 0) {
- NSMutableDictionary *newDomain = [domain mutableCopy];
- NSMutableArray *newApps = [[apps mutableCopy] autorelease];
- NSDictionary *app = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:path, @"Path", [NSNumber numberWithBool:NO], @"Hide", nil];
- [newApps addObject:app];
- [newDomain setObject:newApps forKey:@"AutoLaunchedApplicationDictionary"];
- [self setPersistentDomain:newDomain forName:@"loginwindow"];
- return [self synchronize];
- }
- return NO;
- }
- - (BOOL)removeApplicationFromLoginItems:(NSString *)name {
- NSDictionary *domain = [self persistentDomainForName:@"loginwindow"];
- NSArray *apps = [domain objectForKey:@"AutoLaunchedApplicationDictionary"];
- NSArray *newApps = [apps filteredArrayUsingPredicate:[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"not Path CONTAINS %@", name]];
- if (![apps isEqualToArray:newApps]) {
- NSMutableDictionary *newDomain = [domain mutableCopy];
- [newDomain setObject:newApps forKey:@"AutoLaunchedApplicationDictionary"];
- [self setPersistentDomain:newDomain forName:@"loginwindow"];
- return [self synchronize];
- }
- return NO;
- }
- @end
后面三种方法都是写配置到~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginitems.plist文件中，只不过实现的方式不一样罢了。