oracle 11g RAC 补丁升级方法

一、自动升级方法

使用auto方式在两节点分别进行PSU的安装，安装PSU前注意更新opatch工具至PSU所要求版本，p22191577补丁包括GI和DB，分别执行即可。

两节点分别grid用户执行，生成ocm.rsp文件，该文件仅生成一次即可，后续为DB安装PSU依然可以使用，如下为生成ocm.rsp文件：

$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/ocm/bin/emocmrsp  -output /tmp/ocm.rsp
chmod 775 /tmp/ocm.rsp

root用户执行, /oracle/orainstall/22191577为psu介质存放目录，打GI补丁

/oracle/app/11.2.0/grid/OPatch/opatch auto /oracle/orainstall/22191577 -ocmrf /tmp/ocm.rsp

root用户执行，/oracle/orainstall/22191577为psu介质存放目录，-oh指向DB的ORACLE_HOME，，打DB补丁

/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/OPatch/opatch auto /oracle/orainstall/22191577 -oh /oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 -ocmrf /tmp/ocm.rsp

二、手动升级方法

升级准备

查询两个节点grid opatch版本（Opatch版本必需是11.2.0.3或更高的版本）

[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME
[grid@rac1 grid]$ OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.5
OPatch succeeded.

查询已安装补丁情况

[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
13696216;Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696216)
13696251;Grid Infrastructure Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696251)

节点2操作相同，查询两个节点oracle 用户opatch版本

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch version
OPatch Version: 11.2.0.3.5
OPatch succeeded.

查询已安装补丁情况

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
13696216;Database Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696216)
13696251;Grid Infrastructure Patch Set Update : 11.2.0.3.2 (13696251)

节点2操作相同，上传补丁介质

[root@rac1 ~]# cd /u01/app/
[root@rac1 app]# mkdir patches
[root@rac1 app]# chown grid:oinstall patches
[root@rac1 app]# su - grid
[grid@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/patches/
[grid@rac1 patches]$ ls
p14275572_1120304_Linux-x86-64.zip

节点2操作相同，解压补丁（使用grid用户执行）

[root@rac1 patches]# su grid
[grid@rac1 patches]$ unzip p14275572_1120304_Linux-x86-64.zip

节点2操作相同，补丁冲突检查，Grid用户执行1

$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275605 –oh $GRID_HOME
[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph 14275605 -oh $ORACLE_HOME
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.5
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.5
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-08-19_07-20-36AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

节点2操作相同，Grid用户执行2

$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572 –oh $GRID_HOME
[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir 14275572 -oh $ORACLE_HOME
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.5
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.5
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-08-19_08-16-08AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

节点2操作相同，Oracle用户执行1

$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275605 –oh $DB_HOME
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/patches/ 
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -ph 14275605 -oh $ORACLE_HOME
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.5
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.5
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-08-19_08-37-12AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

节点2操作相同，Oracle用户执行2

$ opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572 –oh $DB_HOME
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch prereq CheckConflictAgainstOHWithDetail -phBaseDir 14275572/custom/server/14275572 -oh $ORACLE_HOME
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.2.0.3.5
Copyright (c) 2013, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.

PREREQ session

Oracle Home       : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Central Inventory : /u01/app/oraInventory
   from           : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 11.2.0.3.5
OUI version       : 11.2.0.3.0
Log file location : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2014-08-19_08-40-19AM_1.log

Invoking prereq "checkconflictagainstohwithdetail"

Prereq "checkConflictAgainstOHWithDetail" passed.

OPatch succeeded.

节点2操作相同，停止EM服务（oracle用户执行）

[oracle@rac1 patches]$ emctl stop dbconsole
Environment variable ORACLE_UNQNAME not defined. Please set ORACLE_UNQNAME to database unique name. 
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ env |grep ORACLE
ORACLE_SID=enmo1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ export ORACLE_UNQNAME=enmo
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ emctl stop dbconsole

节点2操作相同，操作步骤

停止应用补丁节点DB(oracle用户执行)

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/bin/srvctl stop home -o <ORACLE_HOME> -s <status file location> -n <node name>
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ srvctl stop home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file.txt  -n rac1
节点2操作相同
[oracle@rac2 ~]$ srvctl stop home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file.txt  -n rac2

停止crs集群（使用root用户执行）

# <GI_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –unlock

节点2操作相同

注：停止集群后使用ps –ef | grep ora确保所有oracle进程已经停止，否则会出现文件占用报错，无法应用补丁。

升级

应用crs补丁（grid用户执行）

$ <GI_HOME>/OPatch/opatch napply -oh <GI_HOME> -local <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572
[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/app/patches/14275572

节点2操作相同，应用crs补丁2（grid用户执行）

$ <GI_HOME>/OPatch/opatch apply -oh <GI_HOME> -local <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275605
[grid@rac1 patches]$  $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local /u01/app/patches/14275605

节点2操作相同

应用db组件补丁前执行脚本（oracle用户执行）

$ <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/prepatch.sh -dbhome <ORACLE_HOME>
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/patches
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ 14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/prepatch.sh -dbhome $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

应用DB补丁(oracle用户执行)

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/OPatch/opatch napply -oh <ORACLE_HOME> -local <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch napply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local 14275572/custom/server/14275572

节点2操作相同，应用DB补丁2（oracle用户执行）

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/OPatch/opatch apply -oh <ORACLE_HOME> -local <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275605
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch apply -oh $ORACLE_HOME -local 14275605

节点2操作相同

应用DB补丁后执行脚本（oracle用户执行）

$ <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/postpatch.sh -dbhome <ORACLE_HOME>
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ 14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/postpatch.sh -dbhome $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

使用root用户执行脚本

# <GI_HOME>/rdbms/install/rootadd_rdbms.sh
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/install/rootadd_rdbms.sh

节点2操作相同

使用root用户执行脚本2启动crs

# <GI_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -patch
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –patch

节点2操作相同

注：如果提示“A system reboot is recommended before using ACFS”需要重启。

开启应用补丁节点DB（oracle用户执行）

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/bin/srvctl start home -o <ORACLE_HOME> -s <status file location> -n <node name>
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file.txt -n rac1

节点2操作相同

[oracle@rac2 ~]$  $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file.txt -n rac2

执行脚本更新DB补丁记录（sysdba用户登录实例）

SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catbundle.sql psu apply

10.检查补丁状态
查询DB补丁记录

SQL> col action_time for a30
SQL> col version for a15
SQL> col id for 99
SQL> col action for a10
SQL> col namespace for a10
SQL> col COMMENTS for a20
SQL> col BUNDLE_SERIES for a15
SQL> select * from registry$history;

查询补丁状态grid用户执行

[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

节点2操作相同，查询补丁状态oracle用户执行

[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

节点2操作相同，回退操作

停止节点DB（oracle用户执行）

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/bin/srvctl stop home -o <ORACLE_HOME> -s <status file location> -n <node name>
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file_rollback.txt -n rac1

节点2操作相同

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl stop home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file_rollback.txt -n rac2

停止crs集群（root用户执行脚本）

# <GI_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -unlock
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –unlock

节点2操作相同

注：停止集群后使用ps –ef | grep ora确保所有oracle进程已经停止，否则会出现文件占用报错，无法应用补丁。

回退crs 补丁（grid用户执行），回退crs补丁1

$ <GI_HOME>/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275572 -oh <GI_HOME> 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275572 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同，回退crs补丁2

$ <GI_HOME>/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275605 -oh <GI_HOME> 
[grid@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275605 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

DB补丁回退前执行脚本（使用oracle用户执行）

$ <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/prepatch.sh -dbhome <ORACLE_HOME>
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/patches
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ 14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/prepatch.sh -dbhome $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

回退DB补丁（oracle用户执行），回退DB补丁1

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275572 -oh <ORACLE_HOME> 
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275572 -oh $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同，回退DB补丁2

$ <ORACLE_HOME>/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275605 -oh <ORACLE_HOME>
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch rollback -local -id 14275605  -oh $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

回退DB补丁后执行脚本（oracle用户执行）

$ <UNZIPPED_PATCH_LOCATION>/14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/postpatch.sh -dbhome <ORACLE_HOME>
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ 14275572/custom/server/14275572/custom/scripts/postpatch.sh -dbhome $ORACLE_HOME

节点2操作相同

root用户执行脚本

# <GI_HOME>/rdbms/install/rootadd_rdbms.sh
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/install/rootadd_rdbms.sh

节点2操作相同，Root用户执行启动crs脚本

# <GI_HOME>/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -patch
[root@rac1 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –patch

节点2操作相同

注：如出现信息 "A system reboot is recommended before using ACFS”，需要重启。

开启节点DB（使用oracle用户）

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file_rollback.txt  -n rac1

节点2操作相同

[oracle@rac2 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl start home -o $ORACLE_HOME -s /home/oracle/state_file_rollback.txt  -n rac2

执行脚本catbundle.sql（sysdba用户登录实例）

@catbundle_PSU_<database SID PREFIX>_ROLLBACK.sql
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catbundle_PSU_ENMO_ROLLBACK.sql

查询回退状态
查询DB补丁记录

SQL> col action_time for a30
SQL> col version for a15
SQL> col id for 99
SQL> col action for a10
SQL> col namespace for a10
SQL> col COMMENTS for a20
SQL> col BUNDLE_SERIES for a15
SQL> select * from registry$history;

查询补丁状态grid用户执行

[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
[grid@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

节点2操作相同，查询补丁状态oracle用户执行

[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lspatches
[oracle@rac1 patches]$ $ORACLE_HOME/OPatch/opatch lsinventory

节点2操作相同