基于键盘与鼠标应用的程序设计
一、实验目的
1．掌握键盘与鼠标在应用程序中的消息响应机制。
二、实验内容及步骤
实验任务
1.熟悉键盘的消息响应；
2.熟悉鼠标的消息响应；
实验内容
设计一个窗口，再该窗口中练习键盘的响应，要求如下：
(1)单机键盘上的向上箭头时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the up key”;
(2)单击Shift键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the Shift key”；
(3)单击Ctrl键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the Ctrl key”；
(4)单击Ctrl+A键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the Ctrl A key”；
(5)单击Shift+B键时，窗口中显示“You had hitted the Shift B key”；
程序代码：
#include<windows.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdio.h>
long WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd,UINT iMessage,UINT wParam,LONG lParam);
BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance,int nCmdShow);
HWND hWndMain;
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
MSG Message;
if(!InitWindowsClass(hInstance)) return FALSE;
if(!InitWindows(hInstance,nCmdShow)) return FALSE;
while(GetMessage(&Message,0,0,0))//消息循环
{
TranslateMessage(&Message);
DispatchMessage(&Message);
}
return Message.wParam;
}
long WINAPI WndProc(HWND hWnd,UINT iMessage,UINT wParam,LONG lParam)
{
HDC hDC; //定义指向设备上下文的句柄
PAINTSTRUCT ps; //定义指向包含绘图信息的结构体变量
HPEN hPen; //定义画笔句柄
HBRUSH hBrush; //定义画刷句柄
//以下定义输出的字符串
static char cUp[]="You had hitted the UP key";
static char cCtrl[]="You had hitted the Ctrl key";
static char cShift[]="You had hitted the SHIFT key";
static char cCtrl_A[]="You had hitted the CTRL A key";
static char cShift_B[]="You had hitted the SHIFT B key";
//下面定义并初始化按键标志变量
static BOOL nUpKeyDown=FALSE,
nShiftKeyDown=FALSE,
nCtrlKeyDown=FALSE,
nCtrlAKeyDown=FALSE,
nShiftBKeyDown=FALSE;
switch(iMessage)
{
case WM_KEYDOWN:
{
switch(wParam)
{
case VK_UP: //当按上箭头键时，变量置为真
nUpKeyDown = TRUE; break;
case VK_SHIFT: //当按Shift键时，变量置为真
nShiftKeyDown = TRUE; break;
case VK_CONTROL: //当按Control键时，变量置为真
nCtrlKeyDown = TRUE; break;
default: break;
}
}
break;
case WM_KEYUP:
InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,FALSE); //人为 方框覆盖 // InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,1);刷新用户区
// InvalidateRect(hWnd,NULL,0);不擦除背景
break;
case WM_CHAR:
if(wParam==(65&VK_CONTROL))
{
if(nCtrlKeyDown == TRUE)
{
nCtrlAKeyDown = TRUE;
nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE;
}
}
else if(wParam==98||wParam==66) //当按下b键时
{
if(nShiftKeyDown == TRUE) //检查Shift键是否处于按下状态。
{
nShiftBKeyDown = TRUE; //当Shift键按下时，变量置为真
nShiftKeyDown = FALSE;
}
break;
case WM_PAINT: //处理绘图消息.
hDC=BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);
hBrush = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); //创建 白画刷。
hPen = (HPEN)GetStockObject(WHITE_PEN); //创建白画笔。
SelectObject(hDC,hPen); //选入白画刷
SelectObject(hDC,hBrush); //选入白画笔
SetTextColor(hDC,RGB(255,0,0)); //设置字体颜色为红色。
//输出信息。
if(nUpKeyDown == TRUE)
{
Rectangle(hDC,0,0,300,200);
TextOut(hDC,0,0,cUp,strlen(cUp));
nUpKeyDown = FALSE;
}
else if(nCtrlAKeyDown == TRUE)
{
Rectangle(hDC,0,0,300,200);
TextOut(hDC,0,100,cCtrl_A,strlen(cCtrl_A))
nCtrlAKeyDown = FALSE;
nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE;
}
else if(nCtrlKeyDown == TRUE&&nCtrlAKeyDown == FALSE)
{
Rectangle(hDC,0,0,300,200);
TextOut(hDC,0,60,cCtrl,strlen(cCtrl));
nCtrlKeyDown = FALSE;
}
else if(nShiftBKeyDown == TRUE
{
Rectangle(hDC,0,0,300,200);
TextOut(hDC,0,0,cShift_B,strlen(cShift_B));
nShiftBKeyDown = FALSE;
nShiftKeyDown = FALSE; }
else if(nShiftBKeyDown == FALSE&&nShiftKeyDown == TRUE)
{
Rectangle(hDC,0,0,300,200);
TextOut(hDC,0,0,cShift,strlen(cShift));
nShiftKeyDown = FALSE;
}
else //删除画笔和画刷
{
printf("Input Error !
");
break;
}
DeleteObject(hPen);
DeleteObject(hBrush);
EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
default:
return(DefWindowProc(hWnd,iMessage,wParam,lParam));
}
return 0;
}
BOOL InitWindows(HINSTANCE hInstance,int nCmdShow)
{
HWND hWnd;
hWnd=CreateWindow("6_3",
"键盘实例程序",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
0,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
0,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
if(!hWnd)
return FALSE;
hWndMain=hWnd;
ShowWindow(hWnd,nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hWnd);
return TRUE;
}
BOOL InitWindowsClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
WNDCLASS WndClass;
WndClass.cbClsExtra=0;
WndClass.cbWndExtra=0;
WndClass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)(GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)); WndClass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW); WndClass.hIcon=LoadIcon(NULL,"END");
WndClass.hInstance=hInstance;
WndClass.lpfnWndProc=WndProc;
WndClass.lpszClassName="6_3";
WndClass.lpszMenuName=NULL;
WndClass.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
return RegisterClass(&WndClass);
WndClass.style=0;
}
程序运行结果：
三、实验结果
通过本次试验我了解了基于键盘与鼠标应用的程序设计，熟悉了键盘的消息响应以及鼠标的消息响应，了解了关于窗口的相关操作。