>>> dir(dic) ['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__ge tattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__n ew__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook_ _', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] >>> >>> dic.keys() dict_keys(['k3', 'k2', 'k1']) >>> >>> dic.values() dict_values(['v3', 'v2', 'v1']) >>> >>> dic.items() dict_items([('k3', 'v3'), ('k2', 'v2'), ('k1', 'v1')]) >>> >>> dic['k4'] = 'v4' >>> dic {'k4': 'v4', 'k3': 'v3', 'k2': 'v2', 'k1': 'v1'} >>> dic.pop('k4') 'v4' >>> dic {'k3': 'v3', 'k2': 'v2', 'k1': 'v1'} >>> dic['k4'] = 'v4' >>> >>> dic.pop('k1') 'v1' >>> dic {'k4': 'v4', 'k3': 'v3', 'k2': 'v2'} >>> >>> dic.pop('k5') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> KeyError: 'k5' >>> dir(dic) ['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__ge tattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__n ew__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook_ _', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] >>> >>> dic.popitem('k5') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: popitem() takes no arguments (1 given) >>> >>> dic.pop('k5',[default]) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> NameError: name 'default' is not defined >>> dic.pop('k5',None) >>> print(dic.pop('k5',None)) None >>> >>> dic['k2'] 'v2' >>> dic.get['k6'] Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: 'builtin_function_or_method' object is not subscriptable >>> >>> dic.get('k6') >>> print(dic.get('k6')) None >>> >>> dic {'k4': 'v4', 'k3': 'v3', 'k2': 'v2'} >>> >>> dic2 = {'k1':'v111', 'a':'b'} >>> dic2 {'a': 'b', 'k1': 'v111'} >>> dic.pop('k4') 'v4' >>> dic {'k3': 'v3', 'k2': 'v2'} >>> >>> dir(dic) ['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__ge tattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__n ew__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook_ _', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] >>> >>> dic2.update(dic) >>> dic2 {'k2': 'v2', 'a': 'b', 'k3': 'v3', 'k1': 'v111'} >>> >>> list = [['k', ['qwe',20,{'k1':['tt',3,'1']},89], 'ab']] >>> list [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['tt', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']] >>> >>> dir(list) ['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__g e__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__iadd__', '__imul__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__reversed__', '__rmul__ ', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', 'append', 'clear', 'copy', 'count', 'extend ', 'index', 'insert', 'pop', 'remove', 'reverse', 'sort'] >>> >>> list[1] Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> IndexError: list index out of range >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'] ['tt', 3, '1'] >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][0] 'tt' >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][0] = 'TT' >>> list [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['TT', 3, '1']}, 89], 'ab']] >>> >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][1] 3 >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][1] = '100' >>> list [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['TT', '100', '1']}, 89], 'ab']] >>> >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][2] '1' >>> list[0][1][2]['k1'][2] = 101 >>> list [['k', ['qwe', 20, {'k1': ['TT', '100', 101]}, 89], 'ab']] >>> >>> >>> li = [1,2,3,'a','b',4,'c'] >>> li [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 4, 'c'] >>> dic = {} >>> dir(dic) ['__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__delitem__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__ge tattribute__', '__getitem__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__ne__', '__n ew__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__setitem__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook_ _', 'clear', 'copy', 'fromkeys', 'get', 'items', 'keys', 'pop', 'popitem', 'setdefault', 'update', 'values'] >>>