【设计模式】-结构型-6-享元模式

主要角色

1. 抽象享元角色（Flyweight）:是所有的具体享元类的基类，为具体享元规范需要实现的公共接口，非享元的外部状态以参数的形式通过方法传入。
2. 具体享元（Concrete Flyweight）角色：实现抽象享元角色中所规定的接口。
3. 非享元（Unsharable Flyweight)角色：是不可以共享的外部状态，它以参数的形式注入具体享元的相关方法中。
4. 享元工厂（Flyweight Factory）角色：负责创建和管理享元角色。当客户对象请求一个享元对象时，享元工厂检査系统中是否存在符合要求的享元对象，如果存在则提供给客户；如果不存在的话，则创建一个新的享元对象。

代码示例

package flyweight;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class FlyweightPattern
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        FlyweightFactory factory=new FlyweightFactory();
        Flyweight f01=factory.getFlyweight("a");
        Flyweight f02=factory.getFlyweight("a");
        Flyweight f03=factory.getFlyweight("a");
        Flyweight f11=factory.getFlyweight("b");
        Flyweight f12=factory.getFlyweight("b");       
        f01.operation(new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight("第1次调用a。"));       
        f02.operation(new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight("第2次调用a。"));       
        f03.operation(new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight("第3次调用a。"));       
        f11.operation(new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight("第1次调用b。"));       
        f12.operation(new UnsharedConcreteFlyweight("第2次调用b。"));
    }
}
//非享元角色
class UnsharedConcreteFlyweight
{
    private String info;
    UnsharedConcreteFlyweight(String info)
    {
        this.info=info;
    }
    public String getInfo()
    {
        return info;
    }
    public void setInfo(String info)
    {
        this.info=info;
    }
}
//抽象享元角色
interface Flyweight
{
    public void operation(UnsharedConcreteFlyweight state);
}
//具体享元角色
class ConcreteFlyweight implements Flyweight
{
    private String key;
    ConcreteFlyweight(String key)
    {
        this.key=key;
        System.out.println("具体享元"+key+"被创建！");
    }
    public void operation(UnsharedConcreteFlyweight outState)
    {
        System.out.print("具体享元"+key+"被调用，");
        System.out.println("非享元信息是:"+outState.getInfo());
    }
}
//享元工厂角色
class FlyweightFactory
{
    private HashMap<String, Flyweight> flyweights=new HashMap<String, Flyweight>();
    public Flyweight getFlyweight(String key)
    {
        Flyweight flyweight=(Flyweight)flyweights.get(key);
        if(flyweight!=null)
        {
            System.out.println("具体享元"+key+"已经存在，被成功获取！");
        }
        else
        {
            flyweight=new ConcreteFlyweight(key);
            flyweights.put(key, flyweight);
        }
        return flyweight;
    }
}