数据结构——不相交集(并查集)

目的:解决等价问题。

表示方法:森林,底层实现用数组

主要操作:find()、union()

优化手段:

①find()时路径压缩

②union()时按规模合并、按树高合并(依据情况而定)

Java实现:

class DisjointSet {
	int father[];
	DisjointSet(){
		
	}
	DisjointSet(int n) {
		this.father = new int[n];
		for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
			father[i] = i;
	}

	int find(int x) {
		if (x != father[x])
			father[x] = find(father[x]); // 回溯、压缩路径
		return father[x];
	}

	void union(int x, int y) {
		x = find(x);
		y = find(y);
		if (x == y)
			return;
		if (x < y) {
			if (father[y] == y)
				father[x] = father[x] == x ? -2 : father[x] - 1;
			else
				father[x] += father[y];
			father[y] = x;
		} else {
			if (father[x] == x)
				father[y] = father[y] == y ? -2 : father[y] - 1;
			else
				father[y] += father[x];
			father[x] = y;
		}
	}
}

 解决问题:迷宫生成问题、树节点的最近祖先、连通回路等

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tonyluis/p/5700993.html