Android学习笔记——xml

转自http://blog.csdn.net/sam_zhang1984

解析 XML 有两种方式: SAX 和 DOM 。它们各有利弊。

        DOM 是把 XML 文档全部装载到内存中,然后当成一树进行处理。其好处是当成树处理起来比较方便,但弊端是如果 XML 文件比较大时,会对内存消耗比较大;

        SAX 是逐行扫描 XML 文档,逐行解析,而且可以在处理 XML 文档过程中的任意时刻中止处理过程,比如找到我们的目标节点,剩下的 XML 文档内容就可以不读了,直接结束。其弊端是操作起来相对不方便,而且对 XML 文档进行处理,如果修改、新增、删除等操作比较不方便。

        SAX 是事件驱动型 XML 解析的一个标准接口。它的工作原理是读到文档的开始与结束、标签元素的开始与结束、内容实体等地方时,触发相应的函数,我们就可以在相应的函数中进行我们所要进行的处理。

      XML 解析主要需要进行下列步骤:

      1.        创建事件处理程序

      2.        创建 SAX 解析器

      3.        将事件处理程序分配给解析器

      4.        对文档进行解析,将每个事件发送给处理程序。

以下的代码是MainActivity.java中的代码

package com.example.xml;

import java.io.StringReader;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import com.example.utils.HttpDownloader;

import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button parseButton ;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        parseButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.parseButton);
        parseButton.setOnClickListener(new ParseButtonListener());
    }
    
    class ParseButtonListener implements OnClickListener{

        public void onClick(View v) {
            HttpDownloader hd = new HttpDownloader();
            String resultStr = hd.download("http://192.168.1.107:8081/voa1500/test.xml");
            System.out.println(resultStr);
            try{
                //创建一个SAXParserFactory
                SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
                XMLReader reader = factory.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
                //为XMLReader设置内容处理器
                reader.setContentHandler(new MyContentHandler());
                //开始解析文件
                reader.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(resultStr)));
            }
            catch(Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        
    }
}

以下的代码是MyContentHandler.java中的代码

package com.example.xml;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class MyContentHandler extends DefaultHandler {
    String hisname, address, money, sex, status;
    String tagName;

    public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
        System.out.println("````````begin````````");
    }

    public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
        System.out.println("````````end````````");
    }

    public void startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName,
            String qName, Attributes attr) throws SAXException {
        tagName = localName;
        if (localName.equals("worker")) {
            //获取标签的全部属性
            for (int i = 0; i < attr.getLength(); i++) {
                System.out.println(attr.getLocalName(i) + "=" + attr.getValue(i));
            }
        }
    }

    public void endElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName)
            throws SAXException {
        //在workr标签解析完之后,会打印出所有得到的数据
        tagName = "";
        if (localName.equals("worker")) {
            this.printout();
        }
    }
    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
            throws SAXException {
        if (tagName.equals("name"))
            hisname = new String(ch, start, length);
        else if (tagName.equals("sex"))
            sex = new String(ch, start, length);
        else if (tagName.equals("status"))
            status = new String(ch, start, length);
        else if (tagName.equals("address"))
            address = new String(ch, start, length);
        else if (tagName.equals("money"))
            money = new String(ch, start, length);
    }

    private void printout() {
        System.out.print("name: ");
        System.out.println(hisname);
        System.out.print("sex: ");
        System.out.println(sex);
        System.out.print("status: ");
        System.out.println(status);
        System.out.print("address: ");
        System.out.println(address);
        System.out.print("money: ");
        System.out.println(money);
        System.out.println();
    }

}

以下的代码是FileUtils.java中的代码

package com.example.utils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import android.os.Environment;

public class FileUtils {
    private String SDPATH;
    public String getSDPATH() {
    return SDPATH;
    }
    
    public FileUtils() {
     //得到当前外部存储设备的目录
     // /SDCARD
     SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/";
    }
    
    /**
     * 在SD卡上创建文件
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public File creatSDFile(String fileName) throws IOException {
        File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
        file.createNewFile();
        return file;
    }
 
    /**
     * 在SD卡上创建目录
     * 
     * @param dirName
     */
    public File creatSDDir(String dirName) {
        File dir = new File(SDPATH + dirName);
        dir.mkdirs();
        return dir;
    }
    
    /**
     * 判断SD卡上的文件夹是否存在
     */
    public boolean isFileExist(String fileName){
        File file = new File(SDPATH + fileName);
        return file.exists();
    }
 
    /**
     * 将一个InputStream里面的数据写入到SD卡中
     */
    public File write2SDFromInput(String path,String fileName,InputStream input){
        File file = null;
        OutputStream output = null;
        try{
            creatSDDir(path);
            file = creatSDFile(path + fileName);
            output = new FileOutputStream(file);
            byte buffer [] = new byte[4 * 1024];
            int len=-1;
            while((len=input.read(buffer)) != -1){
                //在这里使用另一个重载,防止流写入的问题.
                output.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            output.flush();
        }
        catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally{
                try{
                    output.close();
                }    
                catch(Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
        }
        return file;
    }
}

以下的代码是HttpDownloader.java中的代码

package com.example.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class HttpDownloader {
    private URL url = null;
    /**
     * 根据URL下载文件,前提是这个文件当中的内容是文本,函数的返回值就是文件当中的内容
     * 1.创建一个URL对象
     * 2.通过URL对象,创建一个HttpURLConnection对象
     * 3.得到InputStram
     * 4.从InputStream当中读取数据
     * @param urlStr
     * @return
     */
    
    public String download(String urlStr) {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        String line = null;
        BufferedReader buffer = null;
        try {
            // 创建一个URL对象
            url = new URL(urlStr);
            // 创建一个Http连接
            HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
                    .openConnection();
            // 使用IO流读取数据
            buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn
                    .getInputStream()));
            while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
                sb.append(line);
            }
        } 
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
        finally {
            try {
                buffer.close();
            } 
            catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
 
    /**
     * 该函数返回整形 -1:代表下载文件出错 0:代表下载文件成功 1:代表文件已经存在
     */
    public int downFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName) {
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            FileUtils fileUtils = new FileUtils();
   
            if (fileUtils.isFileExist(path + fileName)) {
                return 1;
            } 
            else {
                inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
                File resultFile = fileUtils.write2SDFromInput(path,fileName, inputStream);
                if (resultFile == null) {
                    return -1;
                }
            }
        } 
        catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return -1;
        } 
        finally {
            try {
                inputStream.close();
            } 
            catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }
 
    /**
     * 根据URL得到输入流
     * 
     * @param urlStr
     * @return
     * @throws MalformedURLException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
        throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
        url = new URL(urlStr);
        HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
        return inputStream;
    }
}

以下的代码是activity_main.xml中的代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
    
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/hello_world" />

    <Button
         android:id="@+id/parseButton"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
        android:text="开始解析XML"/>
</LinearLayout>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tonglin0325/p/4589609.html