软件测试作业(二)

Below are two faulty programs. Each includes a test case that results in 

failure. Answer the following questions (in the next slide) about each program.

questions:

1.Identify the fault.

2.If possible, identify a test case that does not execute the
fault. (Reachability)

3.If possible, identify a test case that executes the fault, but
does not result in an error state

4.If possible identify a test case that results in an error, but
not a failure

Program 1

 1 public int findLast (int[] x, int y) {
 2   // Effects: If x==null throw NullPointerException
 3   // else return the index of the last element 
 4   // in x that equals y. 
 5   // If no such element exists, return -1
 6   for (int i=x.length-1; i > 0; i--) 
 7   { 
 8     if (x[i] == y) 
 9     {
10       return i; 
11     }
12   }
13   return -1; 
14 }
15 // test: x=[2, 3, 5]; y = 2
16 // Expected = 0

1. 数组的下标是从0开始的,所以第6行i>0应该改为i>=0.

2. x=[],此时x为空,程序会抛出空指针异常而结束,fault不可到达。

3. x=[1,2,3],y=2,此时fault可到达,但是没有导致error状态,最终返回的结果为1是正确的。

4. x=[1,2,3],y=0,此时导致的error状态,但是最终返回的结果为-1是正确的。

Program 2

public static int lastZero (int[] x) {
  //Effects: if x==null throw NullPointerException
  // else return the index of the LAST 0 in x.
  // Return -1 if 0 does not occur in x
  for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++)
  {
    if (x[i] == 0)
    {
      return i;
    } 
  } return -1;
}
// test: x=[0, 1, 0]
// Expected = 2

1. 该程序的需求是返回最后一个0的下标,但是返回的是第一个出现的0的下标,fault为循环语句,循环应该改为

for(int i = x.length-1 ; i >= 0 ; i++)

2. x=[],此时程序抛出空指针异常,fault不可到达

3. x=[0],此时程序到达fault语句,但是没有导致error状态,返回0是正确的

4. x=[1,2,3],此时程序导致了error状态,但是返回的-1是正确的。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tiny-home/p/5256169.html