一、什么是Dubbo
Dubbo是一个分布式服务框架，致力于提供高性能和透明化的RPC远程服务调用方案，SOA服务治理方案。简单的说，dubbo就是个服务框架，如果没有分布式的需求，其实是不需要用的，只有在分布式的时候，才有dubbo这样的分布式服务框架的需求，并且本质上是个服务调用，说白了就是个远程服务调用的分布式框架。告别Web Service模式中的wsdl,以服务者与消费者的方式在dubbo 上注册)。
二、Dubbo架构
角色说明：
1、Provider: 暴露服务的服务提供方。
2、Consumer: 调用远程服务的服务消费方。
3、Registry: 服务注册与发现的注册中心。
4、Monitor: 统计服务的调用次调和调用时间的监控中心。
三、生产者与消费者案例
1、生产者
（1）导入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javaee</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.22</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hamcrest/hamcrest-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.17.1-GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.31</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <groupId>log4j</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
（2）applicationContext-provider.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.dubbo"/> <!--声明服务提供方--> <dubbo:application name="provider"/> <!--注册中心地址--> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.60.71:2181"/> <!--dubbo服务端口--> <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880"/> <!--服务注册--> <dubbo:service interface="com.dubbo.service.DoSomeService" ref="doSomeService"/> <dubbo:service interface="com.dubbo.service.UserService" ref="userService"/> </beans>
（3）创建Service层（DoSomeService）
package com.dubbo.service; public interface DoSomeService { public String doSome(); }
UserService
package com.dubbo.service; public interface UserService { public void userServicePro(); }
（4）创建Service实现层（DoSomeServiceImpl）
package com.dubbo.service.impl; import com.dubbo.service.DoSomeService; public class DoSomeServiceImpl implements DoSomeService { @Override public String doSome() { System.out.println("生产者提供的服务方法"); return "provider"; } }
UserServiceImpl
package com.dubbo.service.impl; import com.dubbo.service.UserService; public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Override public void userServicePro() { System.out.println("userService接口服务方法"); } }
（5）Test层（DubboProviderTest）
package com; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import java.io.IOException; public class DubboProviderTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { //加载配置文件：配置文件中通过SPring将Dubbo服务注册到注册中心当中去 ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext-provider.xml"); System.out.println("服务已经发布！！！！！"); //阻塞 System.in.read(); } }
2、消费者
（1）导入依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <groupId>com.dubbo</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo_consumer</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>dubbo_consumer Maven Webapp</name> <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website --> <url>http://www.example.com</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javaee</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.22</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hamcrest/hamcrest-core --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId> <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId> <version>4.2.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.3.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.9.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.17.1-GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.31</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId> <version>2.5.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> <version>3.4.6</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <groupId>log4j</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.github.sgroschupf</groupId> <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId> <version>0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>dubbo_consumer</finalName> <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </plugin> <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.0.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.22.1</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.2.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.5.2</version> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.8.2</version> </plugin> </plugins> </pluginManagement> </build> </project>
（2）applicationContext-consumer.xml配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.dubbo"/> <!--声明服务提供方--> <dubbo:application name="consumer"/> <!--注册中心地址--> <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://192.168.60.71:2181"/> <!--服务消费--> <dubbo:reference id="doSomeService" interface="com.dubbo.service.DoSomeService"/> <!--服务消费--> <dubbo:reference id="userService" interface="com.dubbo.service.UserService"/> </beans>
（3）创建Service层（DoSomeService）
package com.dubbo.service; public interface DoSomeService { public String doSome(); }
（4）UserService
package com.dubbo.service; public interface UserService { public void userServicePro(); }
（5）创建Test层（DubboConsumer）
package java.com.dubbo; import com.dubbo.service.DoSomeService; import com.dubbo.service.UserService; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class DubboConsumer { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("src/main/resources/applicationContext-consumer.xml"); DoSomeService doSomeService=(DoSomeService) ctx.getBean("doSomeService"); doSomeService.doSome(); UserService userService=(UserService) ctx.getBean("userService"); userService.userServicePro(); } }