SpringMVC容器加载流程总结

流程图

流程图

简述

一个web应用一个servletContext.
史上最全最强SpringMVC详细示例实战教程

web.xml部分配置:
  <listener>
  <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>  
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
    <!--用于创建rootApplicationContext-->
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!--configure the setting of springmvcDispatcherServlet and configure the mapping-->
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            	    <!--用于创建servletAppContext-->
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> -->
  </servlet>

通常,我们在ContextLoaderListener定义一个配置扫描Spring的service和dao的配置文件。
在servlet的DispatcherServlet下定义扫描Controller的配置文件。
servletContext和两个配置文件的关系如下:

servletContext->contextLoaderListener->rootApplicationContext
servletContext->dynamic->dispacherServlet->servletAppContext(即webapplicationContext)

流程

1.由于Servlet 3.0 的设计, 会自动扫描META-INF/services下的javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer实现。spring-web的实现是SpringServletContainerInitializer。自定义META-INF/services+实现ServletContainerInitializer可以代替web.xml。
2.SpringServletContainerInitializer关注所有WebApplicationInitializer并调用其onStartup方法。
3.WebApplicationinitializer有一个AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer实现。发现其调用父类(AbstractContextLoaderInitializer)的onStartUp方法来创建Root WebApplicationContext ,和本类registerDispatcherServlet来创建Servlet WebApplicationContext。它是模板方法创建了两个容器,AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer提供的抽象的实现,我们只需要定义@Configuration对应的类即可。

创建两个容器
指定@Configuration类即可

两种容器
servlet WebApplicationContext与Root WbApplicationContext

自定义WebApplicationInitializer

public class MyWebAppInitializer implements WebApplicationInitializer {

  @Override
  public void onStartup(ServletContext container) {
    // Create the 'root' Spring application context
    AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext =
      new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
    rootContext.register(AppConfig.class);

    // Manage the lifecycle of the root application context
    container.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));

    // Create the dispatcher servlet's Spring application context
    AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext dispatcherContext =
      new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
    dispatcherContext.register(DispatcherConfig.class);

    // Register and map the dispatcher servlet
    ServletRegistration.Dynamic dispatcher =
      container.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(dispatcherContext));
    dispatcher.setLoadOnStartup(1);
    dispatcher.addMapping("/");
  }

参考:https://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/web.html#mvc-servlet-context-hierarchy

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/thewindkee/p/12873156.html