automake/autoconf的简单例子

参考文章1:http://loftor.com/archives/automake.html

参考文章2:http://www.blogjava.net/huyi2006/articles/187908.html

项目一 helloworld

整个基础上仅有一个helloworld.c文件,功能也非常简单,只是向屏蔽输出一句hello。

新建一个helloworld目录,然后在里面新建一个文件helloworld.c,内容为:

#include <stdio.h>

int main(int argc, char **agrv)
{
    printf("Hello, Merlin
");

    return 0;
}

执行命令autoscan生成一个架构configure.scan,将其重新命名为configure.ac(新版本使用ac后缀名,不再使用in后缀),此时目录中含有以下文件

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ls
autoscan.log  configure.ac  helloworld.c

原configure.scan的内容为:

#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT([FULL-PACKAGE-NAME], [VERSION], [BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([helloworld.c])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.

# Checks for library functions.

AC_OUTPUT

将其修改为以下样子:

#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT(helloworld, 0.1, tfa2012@foxmail.com)
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(helloworld.c)
#AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.

# Checks for library functions.

AC_OUTPUT(Makefile)

AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR(helloworld.c)的功能是在./configure时检测文件helloworld.c是否存在,从而检测源码的正确性。

依次执行aclocal和autoconf两人个命令,此时文件夹中内容为:

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ls
aclocal.m4  autom4te.cache  autoscan.log  configure  configure.ac  helloworld.c

新建文件Makefile.am文件,并填写入以下内容:

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign
bin_PROGRAMS = helloworld
helloworld_SOURCES = helloworld.c

执行automake --add-missing

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ automake --add-missing
configure.ac:11: installing './compile'
configure.ac:8: installing './install-sh'
configure.ac:8: installing './missing'
Makefile.am: installing './depcomp'

此时文件夹中内容为:

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ls
aclocal.m4      compile       depcomp       Makefile.am
autom4te.cache  configure     helloworld.c  Makefile.in
autoscan.log    configure.ac  install-sh    missing

这个时候就可以使用./configure来生成Makefile文件了

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ./configure 
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /bin/mkdir -p
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking whether make supports nested variables... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables... 
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking whether gcc understands -c and -o together... yes
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking that generated files are newer than configure... done
configure: creating ./config.status
config.status: creating Makefile
config.status: executing depfiles commands

编译出来试试:

merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ make
gcc -DPACKAGE_NAME="helloworld" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME="helloworld" -DPACKAGE_VERSION="0.1" -DPACKAGE_STRING="helloworld 0.1" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT="tfa2012@foxmail.com" -DPACKAGE_URL="" -DPACKAGE="helloworld" -DVERSION="0.1" -I.     -g -O2 -MT helloworld.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/helloworld.Tpo -c -o helloworld.o helloworld.c
mv -f .deps/helloworld.Tpo .deps/helloworld.Po
gcc  -g -O2   -o helloworld helloworld.o  
merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ls
aclocal.m4      config.log     depcomp       install-sh   missing
autom4te.cache  config.status  helloworld    Makefile
autoscan.log    configure      helloworld.c  Makefile.am
compile         configure.ac   helloworld.o  Makefile.in
merlin@tfAnalysis:~/t/hellworld$ ./helloworld 
Hello, Merlin

项目二 tfadc

 这个工程稍微复杂一些,具体的结构是这样子的:

tfadc/

scripts/

src/

cmdline.c

confile.c

main.c

network.c

db/

include/

tfadp/

tfadp.c

tfana/

tfana.c

在tfadc目录下面运行autoscan命令,此时获得的configure.scan需要修改成configure.ac,是以下样子:

#                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
# Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.

AC_PREREQ([2.69])
AC_INIT([tfadc], [0.2], [tfa2012@foxmail.com])
AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([config.h.in])
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE

# Checks for programs.
AC_PROG_CC

# Checks for libraries.

# Checks for header files.
AC_CHECK_HEADERS([netinet/in.h stdlib.h string.h])

# Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.

# Checks for library functions.
AC_CHECK_FUNCS([bzero socket strerror])

#AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
AC_OUTPUT(
    Makefile
    src/Makefile
    )

在tfadc目录下面新建一个Makefile.am,这里指示还有子目录为src,表明子目录中有Makefile.am文件:

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign

SUBDIRS = src
#EXTRA_DIST = doc/userguide

新建另外一个文件src/Makefile.am,这里没有指示其还有子目录的Makefile.am,而是让如tfadp下的源码使用tfadp/tfadp.c这样的形式引入到本Makefile.am中来,这个时候需要在AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS中加入subdir-objects参数:

AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign subdir-objects

bin_PROGRAMS = tfadc
tfadc_SOURCES = cmdline.c confile.c main.c network.c tfadp/tfadp.c tfana/tfana.c
#tfadc_LDADD = db/db.a tfana/tfana.a

如果想要把tfana中的文件编译成库文件的话,则需要在tfana中新建一个Makefile.am,那么上面的src/Makefile.am就需要添加一个SUBDIRS = tfana了,并且还需要修改src/Makefile.am加上tfadc_LDADD = tfana/tfana.a这一行。具体如何操作还需要看一看网上的例程(参数链接2)。

添加完两个Makefile.am之后就可以使用automake --add-missing生成configure文件了,后面的步骤就简单了./configure && make...

本文将持续完善,将在未来的实际项目时添加以下内容

1 配置安装路径等选项

2 添加配置选项(./configure --enable-xxx)

3 如果软件有配置文件则如何拷贝到实际环境中

4 静态库生成与动态库生成方法

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tfanalysis/p/3967290.html