Elasticsearch数据备份与恢复

前提

# 注意：
1.在进行本地备份时使用--type需要备份索引和数据（mapping,data）
2.在将数据备份到另外一台ES节点时需要比本地备份多备份一种数据类型（analyzer,mapping,data,template）

一.本地备份与恢复

# 前提：
· 必须要有Node环境和npm软件：nodejs，npm  

1.:下载包
curl --silent --location https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_12.x | sudo bash -

2.:安装包（如果本身有node包但是不是新版本建议卸载重装）
yum install -y nodejs

3.:验证安装是否成功
node -v

4.:设置淘宝镜像
npm config set registry http://registry.npm.taobao.org

5.：安装npm（只需要在一个节点安装即可，如果前端还有nginx做反向代理可以每个节点都装）
[root@elkstack01 ~]# yum install -y npm

6.：进入下载head插件代码目录
[root@elkstack01 src]# cd /usr/local/

7.：从GitHub上克隆代码到本地（或者直接从找es-head的包）
[root@elkstack01 local]# git clone git://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head.git

8.：克隆完成后，进入elasticsearch插件目录
[root@elkstack01 local]# cd elasticsearch-head/

9.：清除缓存
[root@elkstack01 elasticsearch-head]# npm cache clean -f
#使用npm安装n模块（不同的项目js脚本所需的node版本可能不同，所以就需要node版本管理工具）

10.安装elasticdump
[root@db04 ~]# npm install elasticdump -g

11.本地目录备份

## 第一次进行的是索引的备份
## 第二次进行的是数据的备份
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student/user --output=/tmp/student_mapping.json --type=mapping
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | got 1 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | sent 1 objects to destination file, wrote 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | got 0 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 1)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | Total Writes: 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:41:59 GMT | dump complete
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student/user --output=/tmp/student_data.json --type=data
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | got 8 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | sent 8 objects to destination file, wrote 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | got 0 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 8)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | Total Writes: 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:42:21 GMT | dump complete


##备份之后用Elasticsearch Head插件模拟数据丢失，误删除student索引和数据并用elasticdump恢复


[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --output=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --input=/tmp/student_mapping.json --type=mapping
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | got 1 objects from source file (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | sent 1 objects to destination elasticsearch, wrote 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | got 0 objects from source file (offset: 1)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | Total Writes: 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:21 GMT | dump complete
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --output=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --input=/tmp/student_data.json --type=data
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | got 8 objects from source file (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | sent 8 objects to destination elasticsearch, wrote 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | got 0 objects from source file (offset: 8)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | Total Writes: 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 07:46:40 GMT | dump complete

#  根据索引名和类型进行备份

#备份成功。数据恢复成功

二.备份到另一台ES节点（如果是同一集群的节点索引不能重名）

# 备份到另一台ES节点（同一集群索引不能重名）
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --output=http://10.0.0.55:9200/students --type=analyzer
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:00 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:00 GMT | got 1 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:01 GMT | sent 1 objects to destination elasticsearch, wrote 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:01 GMT | got 0 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 1)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:01 GMT | Total Writes: 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:01 GMT | dump complete
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --output=http://10.0.0.55:9200/students --type=mapping
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | got 1 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | sent 1 objects to destination elasticsearch, wrote 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | got 0 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 1)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | Total Writes: 1
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:10 GMT | dump complete
[root@db04 bin]# ./elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --output=http://10.0.0.55:9200/students --type=data
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | starting dump
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | got 8 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 0)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | sent 8 objects to destination elasticsearch, wrote 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | got 0 objects from source elasticsearch (offset: 8)
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | Total Writes: 8
Wed, 12 Aug 2020 08:14:15 GMT | dump complete
[root@db04 bin]#elasticdump --input=http://10.0.0.54:9200/student --output=http://100.10.0.55:9200/students --type=template

三.本地备份与恢复脚本

# 1.本地备份脚本
[root@db04 ~]# vim output_Es.sh
#!/bin/bash
read -p '要备份的机器是：'${1}
#要导出的索引名
index_name='
student
'
for index in `echo $index_name`
do
    echo "start input index ${index}"
    elasticdump --input=http://${1}:9200/${index} --output=/data/${index}_alias.json --type=alias &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=http://${1}:9200/${index} --output=/data/${index}_analyzer.json --type=analyzer &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=http://${1}:9200/${index} --output=/data/${index}_data.json --type=data &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=http://${1}:9200/${index} --output=/data/${index}_alias.json --type=alias &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=http://${1}:9200/${index} --output=/data/${index}_template.json --type=template &> /dev/null
done

# 2.恢复脚本
[root@db04 ~]# vim input_Es.sh
#!/bin/bash
read -p '要导入的机器是：'${1}
#要导入的索引名
index_name='
student
'
for index in `echo $index_name`
do
    echo "start input index ${index}"
    elasticdump --input=/data/${index}_alias.json --output=http://${1}:9200/${index} --type=alias &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=/data/${index}_analyzer.json --output=http://${1}:9200/${index} --type=analyzer &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=/data/${index}_data.json --output=http://${1}:9200/${index} --type=data &> /dev/null
    elasticdump --input=/data/${index}_template.json --output=http://${1}:9200/${index} --type=template &> /dev/null
done

测试脚本

# 0.配置环境变量
[root@db04 ~]# vim /etc/profile.d/elasticdump.sh 
export PATH=/root/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/elasticdump/bin:$PATH
[root@db04 ~]# source /etc/profile


# 1.创建备份目录
[root@db04 ~]# mkdir /data

# 2.执行备份脚本
[root@db04 ~]# sh output_Es.sh 
要备份的机器是：10.0.0.54
start input index student

# 3.查看备份目录
[root@db04 ~]# ll /data/
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    5 Aug 12 16:59 student_alias.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  101 Aug 12 16:59 student_analyzer.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1284 Aug 12 16:59 student_data.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    5 Aug 12 16:59 student_template.json

# 模拟误删除操作

# 执行恢复脚本
[root@db04 ~]#  sh input_Es.sh 
要导入的机器是：10.0.0.54
start input index student


## 数据恢复