关于websocket 在生产环境中遇到的问题 及 解决办法

一  生产环境说明

  1) tornado 4.2

  2) Tornado-MySQL

     3) supervisor 3.0b2

  4) protobuf 2.6.1

  5) python 2.7.6

  6) nginx/1.4.6 

二  实际问题

1) 问:使用nginx 代理后不能访问 报错  WARNING:tornado.access:400 GET /ws (127.0.0.1) 0.79ms  

   或者  连接失败后  会反复发起连接请求。

  答:需要在nginx 的location中新增如下配置

# websocket
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";

 2) 问: a) The 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' header contains multiple values '*, http://localhost', but only one is allowed. Origin 'http://localhost' is therefore not allowed access.

           b)  websocket._exceptions.WebsocketBadStatusException: Handshake status 400

  答:Access-Control-Allow-Origin是HTML5中定义的一种服务器端返回Response header,用来解决资源(比如字体)的跨域权限问题。它定义了该资源允许被哪个域引用,或者被所有域引用(google字体使用*表示字体资源允许被所有域引用)。

  解决办法:只需要 add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin 一次就好!

http {  
    ......  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With;  
    add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,POST,OPTIONS;  
    ......  
}  

 3) 问:如何调试websocket?

  答:可以通过 websocket-client 写脚本测试。 具体实例可参看 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/websocket-client/

$ sudo pip install websocket-client
$ python
Python 2.7.6 
[GCC 4.8.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import websocket
>>> websocket
<module 'websocket' from '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/websocket/__init__.pyc'>

 4) 问:如何实现定时任务 及  stop server 前执行某个任务

  答:可以通过tornado.ioloop.PeriodicCallback 执行定时任务

    在supervisorctl stop/restart program_name 时捕获 signal.SIGINT signal.SIGTERM 实现

import Queue
DIRTY_DATAS = Queue.Queue()

a)
from tornado.ioloop import PeriodicCallback

periodic = PeriodicCallback(lambda: sync_dirty_db_datas(DIRTY_DATAS), 5)
periodic.start()


b)
import signal
import tornado.gen
import tornado.ioloop

@tornado.gen.coroutine
def signal_handler(signum, frame):
    yield sync_dirty_db_datas(DIRTY_DATAS)
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.instance().stop()

# receive SIGINT  SIGTERM
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal_handler)
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, signal_handler)

 5) 问:error: [Errno 24] Too many open files   in python and tornado

[E 140102 17:07:37 ioloop:660] Exception in I/O handler for fd 11
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/ioloop.py", line 653, in start
        self._handlers[fd](fd, events)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/stack_context.py", line 241, in wrapped
        callback(*args, **kwargs)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tornado/netutil.py", line 136, in accept_handler
        connection, address = sock.accept()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 202, in accept
    error: [Errno 24] Too many open files

  答:  update the field: open files.

 6) 问:operationalerror (1040 'too many connections')   in python and mysql

  答:

mysql> show variables like "max_connections";

检查mysql可允许的最大连接数 和 自身的应用设置的最大可连接数,后者不可超过前者设置的最大值。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/tangkaixin/p/4884550.html