SpringMVC集成LogBack，相关配置


     最近在做项目中需要用到日志，本来选取的是Log4j，最后经过对比之后还是发现LogBack在性能上比Log4j有优势。至于有什么好处，请参考下面这篇文章。

从Log4j迁移到LogBack的理由


    下面废话不多说了，就看一下，如何来把LogBack集成到我们的web项目中吧。本人前台用的是SpringMVC。

    jar包配置
   如果要使用LogBack做为日志的插件的话，需要的jar包有如下，直接看一下Maven依赖

  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><dependency>
  2. 			<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  3. 			<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  4. 			<version>1.7.12</version>
  5. 		</dependency>
  6. 		<dependency>
  7. 			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
  8. 			<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
  9. 			<version>1.1.3</version>
  10. 			<scope>compile</scope>
  11. 			<exclusions>
  12. 				<exclusion>
  13. 					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  14. 					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  15. 				</exclusion>
  16. 			</exclusions>
  17. 		</dependency>
  18.  
  19. 		<dependency>
  20. 			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
  21. 			<artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
  22. 			<version>1.1.3</version>
  23. 			<exclusions>
  24. 				<exclusion>
  25. 					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  26. 					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  27. 				</exclusion>
  28. 			</exclusions>
  29. 			<scope>compile</scope>
  30. 		</dependency>
  31.  
  32. 		<dependency>
  33. 			<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
  34. 			<artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
  35. 			<version>1.1.3</version>
  36. 			<exclusions>
  37. 				<exclusion>
  38. 					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  39. 					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  40. 				</exclusion>
  41. 			</exclusions>
  42. 			<scope>compile</scope>
  43. 		</dependency></span>
   
    Web.xml
      在web项目中需要通过web.xml来加载我们所需要的LogBack.xml具体如下
  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  3. 	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  4. 	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
  5.     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  6.  
  7.  
  8.  
  9.  
  10. 	<!-- logback-begin -->
  11. 	<context-param>
  12. 		<param-name>logbackConfigLocation</param-name>
  13. 		<param-value> classpath:logback.xml</param-value>
  14. 	</context-param>
  15. 	<listener>
  16. 		<listener-class>com.util.LogbackConfigListener</listener-class>
  17. 	</listener>
  18. 	<!-- logback-end -->
  19.  
  20.  
  21. 	<filter>
  22. 		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  23. 		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  24. 		<init-param>
  25. 			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
  26. 			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  27. 		</init-param>
  28. 		<init-param>
  29. 			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
  30. 			<param-value>true</param-value>
  31. 		</init-param>
  32. 	</filter>
  33. 	<filter-mapping>
  34. 		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
  35. 		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  36. 	</filter-mapping>
  37.  
  38. 	<servlet>
  39. 		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  40. 		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  41. 		<init-param>
  42. 			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
  43. 			<param-value> classpath:springMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
  44. 		</init-param>
  45. 		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  46. 	</servlet>
  47. 	<!-- 这里一定要是/根据Servlet规范来的 -->
  48. 	<servlet-mapping>
  49. 		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
  50. 		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  51. 	</servlet-mapping>
  52.  
  53. </web-app></span>

   上面的XML中用到了自定义的监听器，分别是三个类，如下所示

   LogbackConfigListener类
  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.util;
  2.  
  3. import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
  4. import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
  5.  
  6. public class LogbackConfigListener implements ServletContextListener {
  7.  
  8.     public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
  9.         LogbackWebConfigurer.initLogging(event.getServletContext());
  10.     }
  11.  
  12.     public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {
  13.         LogbackWebConfigurer.shutdownLogging(event.getServletContext());
  14.     }
  15. }
  16. </span>

   LogbackConfigurer类
  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.util;
  2.  
  3. import java.io.File;
  4. import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
  5. import java.net.URL;
  6.  
  7. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  8. import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
  9. import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
  10.  
  11. import ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext;
  12. import ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator;
  13. import ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.JoranException;
  14.  
  15. public abstract class LogbackConfigurer {
  16.  
  17.     /** Pseudo URL prefix for loading from the class path: "classpath:" */
  18.     public static final String CLASSPATH_URL_PREFIX = "classpath:";
  19.  
  20.     /** Extension that indicates a logback XML config file: ".xml" */
  21.     public static final String XML_FILE_EXTENSION = ".xml";
  22.  
  23.     private static LoggerContext lc = (LoggerContext) LoggerFactory
  24.             .getILoggerFactory();
  25.     private static JoranConfigurator configurator = new JoranConfigurator();
  26.  
  27.     /**
  28.      * Initialize logback from the given file location, with no config file
  29.      * refreshing. Assumes an XML file in case of a ".xml" file extension, and a
  30.      * properties file otherwise.
  31.      * 
  32.      * @param location
  33.      *            the location of the config file: either a "classpath:"
  34.      *            location (e.g. "classpath:mylogback.properties"), an absolute
  35.      *            file URL (e.g.
  36.      *            "file:C:/logback.properties), or a plain absolute path in the file system (e.g. "
  37.      *            C:/logback.properties")
  38.      * @throws FileNotFoundException
  39.      *             if the location specifies an invalid file path
  40.      */
  41.     public static void initLogging(String location)
  42.             throws FileNotFoundException {
  43.         String resolvedLocation = SystemPropertyUtils
  44.                 .resolvePlaceholders(location);
  45.         URL url = ResourceUtils.getURL(resolvedLocation);
  46.         if (resolvedLocation.toLowerCase().endsWith(XML_FILE_EXTENSION)) {
  47.             // DOMConfigurator.configure(url);
  48.             configurator.setContext(lc);
  49.             lc.reset();
  50.             try {
  51.                 configurator.doConfigure(url);
  52.             } catch (JoranException ex) {
  53.                 throw new FileNotFoundException(url.getPath());
  54.             }
  55.             lc.start();
  56.         }
  57.         // else {
  58.         // PropertyConfigurator.configure(url);
  59.         // }
  60.     }
  61.  
  62.     /**
  63.      * Shut down logback, properly releasing all file locks.
  64.      * <p>
  65.      * This isn't strictly necessary, but recommended for shutting down logback
  66.      * in a scenario where the host VM stays alive (for example, when shutting
  67.      * down an application in a J2EE environment).
  68.      */
  69.     public static void shutdownLogging() {
  70.         lc.stop();
  71.     }
  72.  
  73.     /**
  74.      * Set the specified system property to the current working directory.
  75.      * <p>
  76.      * This can be used e.g. for test environments, for applications that
  77.      * leverage logbackWebConfigurer's "webAppRootKey" support in a web
  78.      * environment.
  79.      * 
  80.      * @param key
  81.      *            system property key to use, as expected in logback
  82.      *            configuration (for example: "demo.root", used as
  83.      *            "${demo.root}/WEB-INF/demo.log")
  84.      * @see org.springframework.web.util.logbackWebConfigurer
  85.      */
  86.     public static void setWorkingDirSystemProperty(String key) {
  87.         System.setProperty(key, new File("").getAbsolutePath());
  88.     }
  89.  
  90. }
  91. </span>

  LogbackWebConfigurer类
  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.util;
  2.  
  3. import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
  4.  
  5. import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
  6.  
  7. import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
  8. import org.springframework.util.SystemPropertyUtils;
  9. import org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils;
  10.  
  11. public abstract class LogbackWebConfigurer {
  12.  
  13.     /** Parameter specifying the location of the logback config file */
  14.     public static final String CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM = "logbackConfigLocation";
  15.  
  16.     /**
  17.      * Parameter specifying the refresh interval for checking the logback config
  18.      * file
  19.      */
  20.     public static final String REFRESH_INTERVAL_PARAM = "logbackRefreshInterval";
  21.  
  22.     /** Parameter specifying whether to expose the web app root system property */
  23.     public static final String EXPOSE_WEB_APP_ROOT_PARAM = "logbackExposeWebAppRoot";
  24.  
  25.     /**
  26.      * Initialize logback, including setting the web app root system property.
  27.      * 
  28.      * @param servletContext
  29.      *            the current ServletContext
  30.      * @see WebUtils#setWebAppRootSystemProperty
  31.      */
  32.     public static void initLogging(ServletContext servletContext) {
  33.         // Expose the web app root system property.
  34.         if (exposeWebAppRoot(servletContext)) {
  35.             WebUtils.setWebAppRootSystemProperty(servletContext);
  36.         }
  37.  
  38.         // Only perform custom logback initialization in case of a config file.
  39.         String location = servletContext
  40.                 .getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
  41.         if (location != null) {
  42.             // Perform actual logback initialization; else rely on logback's
  43.             // default initialization.
  44.             try {
  45.                 // Return a URL (e.g. "classpath:" or "file:") as-is;
  46.                 // consider a plain file path as relative to the web application
  47.                 // root directory.
  48.                 if (!ResourceUtils.isUrl(location)) {
  49.                     // Resolve system property placeholders before resolving
  50.                     // real path.
  51.                     location = SystemPropertyUtils
  52.                             .resolvePlaceholders(location);
  53.                     location = WebUtils.getRealPath(servletContext, location);
  54.                 }
  55.  
  56.                 // Write log message to server log.
  57.                 servletContext.log("Initializing logback from [" + location
  58.                         + "]");
  59.  
  60.                 // Initialize without refresh check, i.e. without logback's
  61.                 // watchdog thread.
  62.                 LogbackConfigurer.initLogging(location);
  63.  
  64.             } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {
  65.                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
  66.                         "Invalid 'logbackConfigLocation' parameter: "
  67.                                 + ex.getMessage());
  68.             }
  69.         }
  70.     }
  71.  
  72.     /**
  73.      * Shut down logback, properly releasing all file locks and resetting the
  74.      * web app root system property.
  75.      * 
  76.      * @param servletContext
  77.      *            the current ServletContext
  78.      * @see WebUtils#removeWebAppRootSystemProperty
  79.      */
  80.     public static void shutdownLogging(ServletContext servletContext) {
  81.         servletContext.log("Shutting down logback");
  82.         try {
  83.             LogbackConfigurer.shutdownLogging();
  84.         } finally {
  85.             // Remove the web app root system property.
  86.             if (exposeWebAppRoot(servletContext)) {
  87.                 WebUtils.removeWebAppRootSystemProperty(servletContext);
  88.             }
  89.         }
  90.     }
  91.  
  92.     /**
  93.      * Return whether to expose the web app root system property, checking the
  94.      * corresponding ServletContext init parameter.
  95.      * 
  96.      * @see #EXPOSE_WEB_APP_ROOT_PARAM
  97.      */
  98.     private static boolean exposeWebAppRoot(ServletContext servletContext) {
  99.         String exposeWebAppRootParam = servletContext
  100.                 .getInitParameter(EXPOSE_WEB_APP_ROOT_PARAM);
  101.         return (exposeWebAppRootParam == null || Boolean
  102.                 .valueOf(exposeWebAppRootParam));
  103.     }
  104.  
  105. }
  106. </span>


   logback.XML配置
下面来看一下这个xml是如何配置的
  1. <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <!-- ROOT 节点 -->
  3. <!-- 属性描述 scan：性设置为true时，配置文件如果发生改变，将会被重新加载，默认值为true scanPeriod:设置监测配置文件是否有修改的时间间隔，如果没有给出时间单位，默认单位是毫秒。当scan为true时，此属性生效。默认的时间间隔为1分钟。 
  4. 	debug:当此属性设置为true时，将打印出logback内部日志信息，实时查看logback运行状态。默认值为false。 -->
  5. <configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="60 seconds" debug="false">
  6. 	<!-- 定义日志文件 输入位置,注意此处的/ -->
  7. 	<property name="log_dir" value="E:/logs" />
  8. 	<!-- 日志最大的历史 60天 -->
  9. 	<property name="maxHistory" value="60"></property>
  10.  
  11.  
  12. 	<!-- 控制台输出日志 -->
  13. 	<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  14. 		<encoder>
  15. 			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger -
  16. 				%msg%n</pattern>
  17. 		</encoder>
  18.  
  19. 	</appender>
  20.  
  21.  
  22. 	<!-- 出错日志 appender -->
  23. 	<appender name="ERROR"
  24. 		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
  25. 		<!-- 在多数的Log工具中，级别是可以传递，例如如果指定了日志输出级别为DEBUG， 那么INFO、ERROR级别的log也会出现在日志文件。这种默认给程序的调试带来了很多的麻烦 
  26. 			通过配置Filter 来严格控制日志输入级别 <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter"> 
  27. 			<level>ERROR/level> <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch> <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch> 
  28. 			</filter> -->
  29. 		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
  30. 			<!-- 按天回滚 daily -->
  31. 			<fileNamePattern>${log_dir}/error-log-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
  32. 			</fileNamePattern>
  33. 			<!-- 日志最大的历史 60天 -->
  34. 			<maxHistory>${maxHistory}</maxHistory>
  35. 		</rollingPolicy>
  36. 		<encoder>
  37. 			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger -
  38. 				%msg%n</pattern>
  39. 		</encoder>
  40. 	</appender>
  41.  
  42. 	<!-- INFO 日志 appender -->
  43. 	<appender name="INFO"
  44. 		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
  45. 		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
  46. 			<!-- 按天回滚 daily -->
  47. 			<fileNamePattern>${log_dir}/info-log-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
  48. 			</fileNamePattern>
  49. 			<!-- 日志最大的历史 60天 -->
  50. 			<maxHistory>${maxHistory}</maxHistory>
  51. 		</rollingPolicy>
  52. 		<encoder>
  53. 			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger -
  54. 				%msg%n</pattern>
  55. 		</encoder>
  56. 	</appender>
  57.  
  58.  
  59. 	<!-- 访问日志 appender -->
  60. 	<appender name="ACCESS"
  61. 		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
  62. 		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
  63. 			<!-- 按天回滚 daily -->
  64. 			<fileNamePattern>${log_dir}/access-log-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
  65. 			</fileNamePattern>
  66. 			<!-- 日志最大的历史 60天 -->
  67. 			<maxHistory>${maxHistory}</maxHistory>
  68. 		</rollingPolicy>
  69. 		<encoder>
  70. 			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger -
  71. 				%msg%n</pattern>
  72. 		</encoder>
  73. 	</appender>
  74.  
  75. 	<!-- 系统用户操作日志 appender -->
  76. 	<appender name="SYS-USER"
  77. 		class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
  78. 		<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
  79. 			<!-- 按天回滚 daily -->
  80. 			<fileNamePattern>${log_dir}/sys_user-log-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.log
  81. 			</fileNamePattern>
  82. 			<!-- 日志最大的历史 60天 -->
  83. 			<maxHistory>${maxHistory}</maxHistory>
  84. 		</rollingPolicy>
  85. 		<encoder>
  86. 			<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger -
  87. 				%msg%n</pattern>
  88. 		</encoder>
  89. 	</appender>
  90.  
  91.  
  92. 	<!-- 打印SQL输出 -->
  93. 	<logger name="java.sql.Connection" level="DEBUG" />
  94. 	<logger name="java.sql.Statement" level="DEBUG" />
  95. 	<logger name="java.sql.PreparedStatement" level="DEBUG" />
  96.  
  97.  
  98.  
  99. 	<!--error错误日志 additivity="false"表示不向上传递 -->
  100. 	<!-- <logger name="com.test" level="error" > -->
  101. 	<!-- <appender-ref ref="ERROR" /> -->
  102. 	<!-- </logger> -->
  103. 	<!--info日志 -->
  104. 	<logger name="com.test" level="info" additivity="false">
  105. 		<appender-ref ref="INFO" />
  106. 	</logger>
  107. 	<!--访问日志 -->
  108. 	<!-- <logger name="com.test" level="info" additivity="false"> -->
  109. 	<!-- <appender-ref ref="ACCESS" /> -->
  110. 	<!-- </logger> -->
  111. 	<!--系统用户操作日志 -->
  112. 	<!-- <logger name="com.test" level="info" additivity="false"> -->
  113. 	<!-- <appender-ref ref="SYS-USER" /> -->
  114. 	<!-- </logger> -->
  115.  
  116. 	<root>
  117. 		<level value="INFO" />
  118. 		<appender-ref ref="stdout" />
  119. 	</root>
  120. </configuration></span>


关于这个XML文件的详细讲解请参考http://blog.csdn.net/haidage/article/details/6794509

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/tanghaoran-blog/p/10404897.html