python基础语法之字符串

1 字符串中*的使用

  *可以使字符串重复n次

1 print('hello world ' * 2)  # hello world hello world 

2 索引获取字符串的字符元素

1 print('hello world'[2:])  # llo world

3 in成员符

1 print('el' in 'hello')  # True

4 字符串格式化

1 name = 'Bob'
2 msg = 'my name is %s' % name
3 print(msg)  # my name is Bob

5 字符串拼接

  采用+(建议尽量不要采用此方法,效率低,时间复杂度为平方级)

1 name = 'Bob'
2 age = '20'
3 msg = name + ' is ' + age + ' years old!'
4 print(msg)  # Bob is 20 years old!

  采用join方法

    字符串是join前面的那一字符串为拼接间隔

1 name = 'Bob'
2 age = '20'
3 msg = name + ' is ' + age + ' years old!'
4 print(msg)  # Bob is 20 years old!
5 msg_join = ' '.join([name, 'is', age, 'years old!'])
6 print(msg_join)  # Bob is 20 years old!

6 字符串常用的内置方法

  6.1 count() 可以计算参数中的字符串在原字符串中出现的数量

1 string = 'hello kitty'
2 count = string.count('l')
3 print(count)  # 2

  6.2 center() 

1 string = 'title'
2 msg = string.center(50, '-')
3 print(msg)  # ----------------------title-----------------------

  6.3 startswith()

    可以判断待处理的字符串是不是自己想要的字符串

1 string = 'title'
2 print(string.startswith('t'))  # True

  6.4 find()

    查找参数中的字符串并返回索引,若找不到就返回-1

1 st = 'hello world'
2 index = st.find('w')
3 print(index)  # 6
4 print(st.find('a'))  # -1

  6.5 index()

    和find()差不多,只是在找不到的时候报错

1 st = 'hello world'
2 index = st.index('w')
3 print(index)  # 6
4 print(st.index('a'))  # ValueError: substring not found

  6.6 lower()

    将字符串中的大写字母变成小写字母

1 st = 'Hello World'
2 st_lower = st.lower()
3 print(st_lower)  # hello world

  6.7 upper()

    将字符串中的小写字母变成大写字母

1 st = 'Hello World'
2 st_upper = st.upper()
3 print(st_upper)  # HELLO WORLD

  6.8 strip()

    将待处理的字符串的空格,换行,制表符去掉

1 st = '      hello world
'
2 st_strip = st.strip()
3 print(st_strip)  # helloworld
4 print(len(st_strip))  # 11

  6.9 replace()

1 st = 'hello world'
2 st_replace = st.replace('world', 'Bob')
3 print(st_replace)  # hello Bob

  6.10 split()

    将字符串按照某字符进行分割,返回一个字符串元组

1 st = 'my old boy'
2 st_split = st.split(' ')
3 print(st_split)  # ['my', 'old', 'boy']
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/swenwen/p/10616485.html