黑马程序员——java学习13（毕22）—

黑马程序员——java学习13（毕22）——GUI

1、GUI

1.1、

java.awt: Abstract Window ToolKit(抽象窗口工具包)需要调用本地系统方法实现功能。跨平台性稍不好，属重量级控件

javax.Swing: 在AWT基础上，建立的一套图形界面系统，其中提供了更多的组件，而且完全由java实现，增强了移植性，属轻量级控件

 1 package learn;
 2 
 3 import java.awt.Button;
 4 import java.awt.FlowLayout;
 5 import java.awt.Frame;
 6 import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
 7 import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
 8 import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
 9 /*
10  * 创建图形化界面
11  * 1、创建frame窗体
12  * 2、对窗体进行基本设置
13  *         比如大小，位置，布局，
14  * 3、定义组件
15  * 4、将组件通过窗体的add方法添加到窗体中
16  * 5、让窗体显示，通过setVisible(true)
17  * 
18  * 事件监听机制特点
19  * 1、事件源
20  * 2、事件
21  * 3、监听器
22  * 4、事件处理
23  * 
24  * 事件源：就是AWT包或者swing包中的那些图形界面组件
25  * 事件：每一个事件源都有特有的对应事件和共性事件
26  * 
27  * 监听器：将可以触发一个事件的动作（不只一个动作）都已经封装到了监听器中
28  * 以上三者，在java中都已经定义好了
29  * 直接获取其对象来用就可以了。
30  * 我们要做的事情是，就是对产生的动作进行处理
31  * 
32  * */
33 public class AwtDemo {
34     public static void main(String[] args) {
35         Frame f = new Frame("my awt");
36         f.setSize(500,400);
37         f.setLocation(300,200);
38         f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
39         Button b = new Button("我是一个按钮");
40         f.add(b);
41 //        f.addWindowListener(new Mywin());
42         //内部类 
43         f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
44         {
45             public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
46             {
47                 System.out.println("我关");
48                 System.exit(0);
49             }
50         }
51         );
52         //设可见边框
53         f.setVisible(true);
54 //        System.out.println("helloworld");
55     }    
56 }
57 //class MyWin implements WindowListener
58 //{
59 //    //覆盖7个方法，可只需要关闭
60 //    //其他没用到的也得覆写
61 //}
62 //因为WindowListener的子类WindowAdapter已经实现了WindowListener接口
63 //并覆盖了其中的所有方法，那么我只要继承WindowAdapter覆盖我需要的方法既可
64 class Mywin extends WindowAdapter
65 {
66     public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
67     {
68         System.out.println("WindowClosing");
69         System.exit(0);
70     }
71 }

1.2、按钮的监听

 1 package learn;
 2 
 3 import java.awt.Button;
 4 import java.awt.FlowLayout;
 5 import java.awt.Frame;
 6 import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
 7 import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
 8 import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
 9 import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
10 
11 public class FrameDemo {
12     //定义图形中所需的组件的引用
13     private Frame f;
14     private Button but;
15     FrameDemo()
16     {
17     init();    
18     }
19     public void init()
20     {
21         f =new Frame("myframe");
22         //对frame进行基本设置
23         f.setBounds(300,100,600,500);
24         f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
25         
26         but = new Button("my button");
27         //将组件添加到frame中
28         f.add(but);
29         //加载一下窗体上时间
30         myEvent();
31         //显示窗体
32         f.setVisible(true);
33     }
34     private void myEvent()
35     {
36         f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
37         {public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
38             {
39                 System.exit(0);
40             }
41         });
42         //让按钮具备退出程序功能
43         //按钮就是事件源
44         //通过关闭窗体示例了解到，想要知道哪个组件具备什么样的特有监听器
45         //需要查看该组件对象的功能
46         //通过查阅Buffon的描述，发现按钮支持一个特有监听addActionListener
47         but.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
48         {
49             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
50             {
51                 System.out.println("退出，按钮干的");
52                 System.exit(0);
53             }
54         });
55     }
56     
57     public static void main(String[] args) {
58         
59         new FrameDemo();
60     }
61 }

1.3、鼠标键盘监听

if(e.getClickCount()==2)//监听双击

if(e.isControlDown()&&e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)//组合键

e.consume();//屏蔽进

  1 package learn;
  2 
  3 import java.awt.Button;
  4 import java.awt.FlowLayout;
  5 import java.awt.Frame;
  6 import java.awt.TextField;
  7 import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
  8 import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
  9 import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
 10 import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
 11 import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
 12 import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
 13 
 14 public class MouseAndKey {
 15     
 16         //定义图形中所需的组件的引用
 17         private Frame f;
 18         private Button but;
 19         private TextField tf;
 20         MouseAndKey()
 21         {
 22         init();    
 23         }
 24         public void init()
 25         {
 26             f =new Frame("myframe");
 27         
 28             f.setBounds(300,100,600,500);
 29             f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
 30             tf = new TextField(20);
 31             but = new Button("my button");
 32             
 33             f.add(tf);
 34             f.add(but);
 35             
 36             myEvent();
 37         
 38             f.setVisible(true);
 39         }
 40         private void myEvent()
 41         {
 42             f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
 43             {public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
 44                 {
 45                     System.exit(0);
 46                 }
 47             });
 48             tf.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter()
 49             {
 50                 public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
 51                 {
 52                     int code = e.getKeyCode();
 53                     if(!(code>=KeyEvent.VK_0&&code<=KeyEvent.VK_9))
 54                     {
 55                         System.out.println("code是非法");
 56                         //屏蔽进
 57                         e.consume();
 58                     }
 59                         
 60                 }
 61             });
 62             //键盘监听
 63             but.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter()
 64             {
 65                 public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
 66                 {
 67                     if(e.isControlDown()&&e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
 68                         System.out.println("ctrl+enter");
 69                     //esc
 70 //                    if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE)
 71 //                        System.exit(0);
 72 //                    System.out.println(KeyEvent.getKeyText(e.getKeyChar())+"......."+e.getKeyCode());
 73                 }
 74             });
 75 //            but.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
 76 //            {
 77 //                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
 78 //                {
 79 //                    System.out.println("action ok");
 80 //                }
 81 //            }
 82 //            );
 83             but.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter()
 84             {
 85                 private int count = 1;
 86                 private int clickCount=1;
 87                 public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e)
 88                 {
 89                     System.out.println("鼠标进入到该组件"+count++);
 90                 }
 91                 public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)
 92                 {
 93                     if(e.getClickCount()==2)
 94                     System.out.println("双击动作"+clickCount++);
 95                 }
 96             });
 97         }
 98         public static void main(String[] args) {
 99             new MouseAndKey();
100         }
101 }

1.4、列出制定目录内容&弹窗

  1 package learn;
  2 
  3 import java.awt.Button;
  4 import java.awt.Dialog;
  5 import java.awt.FlowLayout;
  6 import java.awt.Frame;
  7 import java.awt.Label;
  8 import java.awt.TextArea;
  9 import java.awt.TextField;
 10 import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
 11 import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
 12 import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
 13 import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
 14 import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
 15 import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
 16 import java.io.File;
 17 
 18 public class MyWindowDemo {
 19     private Frame f;
 20     private TextField tf;
 21     private Button but;
 22     private TextArea ta;
 23     private Dialog d;
 24     private Label lab;
 25     private Button okBut;
 26     MyWindowDemo()
 27     {
 28         init();
 29     }
 30     public void init()
 31     {
 32         f = new Frame("my window");
 33         f.setBounds(300,100,600,500);
 34         //流布局,默认布局是边界布局，且居中
 35         f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
 36         tf = new TextField(30);
 37         but = new Button("转到");
 38         ta = new TextArea(25,70);
 39         
 40         d = new Dialog(f,"提示信息-self",true);
 41         d.setBounds(400, 200, 240, 150);
 42         d.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
 43         lab = new Label();
 44         okBut = new Button("确定");
 45         
 46         d.add(lab);
 47         d.add(okBut);
 48         
 49         
 50         f.add(tf);
 51         f.add(but);
 52         f.add(ta);
 53         myEvent();
 54         f.setVisible(true);
 55         
 56     
 57     }
 58     private void myEvent()
 59     {
 60         okBut.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
 61         {
 62             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
 63             {
 64                 d.setVisible(false);
 65             }
 66         });
 67         f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
 68         {
 69             public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
 70             {
 71                 d.setVisible(false);
 72             }
 73         });
 74         
 75         tf.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter()
 76         {
 77             public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
 78             {
 79                 if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
 80                     showDir();    
 81             }
 82         });
 83         but.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
 84         {
 85             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
 86             {
 87                 showDir();
 88             }
 89         });
 90         f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
 91         {
 92             public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
 93             {
 94                 System.exit(0);
 95             }
 96         });
 97     }
 98     private void showDir()
 99     {
100         String dirPath =tf.getText();
101         File dir = new File(dirPath);
102         if(dir.exists()&&dir.isDirectory())
103         {
104             ta.setText("");
105             String[] names = dir.list();
106             for(String name:names)
107             {
108                 ta.append(name+"
");
109             }
110         }
111         else
112         {
113             String info = "您输入的信息："+dirPath+"是错误的，请重输";
114             lab.setText(info);
115             d.setVisible(true);
116         }
117     }
118     public static void main(String[] args) {
119         new MyWindowDemo();
120     }
121     
122 }

1.5、菜单

打开，保存。

  1 package learn;
  2 
  3 import java.awt.FileDialog;
  4 import java.awt.Frame;
  5 import java.awt.Menu;
  6 import java.awt.MenuBar;
  7 import java.awt.MenuItem;
  8 import java.awt.TextArea;
  9 import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
 10 import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
 11 import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
 12 import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
 13 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 14 import java.io.BufferedWriter;
 15 import java.io.File;
 16 import java.io.FileReader;
 17 import java.io.FileWriter;
 18 import java.io.IOException;
 19 
 20 public class MyMenuDemo {
 21     private Frame f;
 22     private MenuBar bar;
 23     private TextArea ta;
 24     private Menu fileMenu;
 25     private MenuItem openItem,saveItem,closeItem;
 26     private FileDialog openDia,saveDia;
 27     private File file;
 28     
 29     
 30     MyMenuDemo()
 31     {
 32         init();
 33     }
 34     public void init()
 35     {
 36         f = new Frame("my window");
 37         f.setBounds(300,100,650,600);
 38 
 39         
 40         bar = new MenuBar();
 41         
 42         ta = new TextArea();
 43         
 44         fileMenu = new Menu("文件");
 45         
 46         
 47         openItem = new MenuItem("打开");
 48         saveItem = new MenuItem("保存");
 49         closeItem = new MenuItem("退出");
 50         
 51 
 52         fileMenu.add(openItem);
 53         fileMenu.add(saveItem);
 54         fileMenu.add(closeItem);
 55         bar.add(fileMenu);
 56         
 57         f.setMenuBar(bar);
 58         openDia = new FileDialog(f,"我要打开",FileDialog.LOAD);
 59         saveDia = new FileDialog(f,"我要打开",FileDialog.SAVE);
 60         
 61         f.add(ta);
 62         myEvent();
 63         f.setVisible(true);
 64         
 65     }
 66     private void myEvent()
 67     {
 68         saveItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
 69         {
 70             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
 71             {
 72                 //文件不存在才建文件
 73                 if(file == null)
 74                 {
 75                     saveDia.setVisible(true);
 76                     String dirPath = saveDia.getDirectory();
 77                     String fileName = saveDia.getFile();
 78                     if(dirPath==null||fileName==null)
 79                         return ;
 80                 
 81                     file = new File(dirPath,fileName);
 82                 }
 83                 try
 84                 {
 85                     BufferedWriter bufw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
 86                     String text =ta.getText();
 87                     bufw.write(text);
 88                     //bufw.flush();
 89                     bufw.close();
 90                 }
 91                 catch(IOException e3)
 92                 {
 93                     throw new RuntimeException();
 94                 }
 95             }
 96         });
 97         openItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
 98         {
 99             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
100             {
101                 openDia.setVisible(true);
102                 String dirPath = openDia.getDirectory();
103                 String fileName = openDia.getFile();
104                 System.out.println(dirPath+"::"+fileName);
105                 if(dirPath==null||fileName==null)
106                     return ;
107                 ta.setText("");
108                 File file = new File(dirPath,fileName);
109                 try
110                 {
111                     BufferedReader bufr = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
112                     String line = null;
113                     while((line=bufr.readLine())!=null)
114                     {
115                         ta.append(line+"
");
116                     }
117                     bufr.close(); 
118                 }
119                 catch(IOException e1)
120                 {
121                     throw new RuntimeException("读取失败");
122                 }
123             }
124         });
125         closeItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener()
126         {
127             public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
128             {
129                 System.exit(0);
130             }
131         });
132         f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
133         {
134             public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
135             {
136                 System.exit(0);
137             }
138         });
139     }
140     
141     public static void main(String[] args) {
142         new MyMenuDemo();
143     }
144 }