mysql 事务操作

在 MySQL 命令行的默认设置下,事务都是自动提交的,即执行 SQL 语句后就会马上执行 COMMIT 操作。因此要显式地开启一个事务务须使用命令 BEGIN 或 START TRANSACTION,或者执行命令 SET AUTOCOMMIT=0,用来禁止使用当前会话的自动提交。

事务控制语句:

  • BEGIN 或 START TRANSACTION 显式地开启一个事务;

  • COMMIT 也可以使用 COMMIT WORK,不过二者是等价的。COMMIT 会提交事务,并使已对数据库进行的所有修改成为永久性的;

  • ROLLBACK 也可以使用 ROLLBACK WORK,不过二者是等价的。回滚会结束用户的事务,并撤销正在进行的所有未提交的修改;

  • SAVEPOINT identifier,SAVEPOINT 允许在事务中创建一个保存点,一个事务中可以有多个 SAVEPOINT;

  • RELEASE SAVEPOINT identifier 删除一个事务的保存点,当没有指定的保存点时,执行该语句会抛出一个异常;

  • ROLLBACK TO identifier 把事务回滚到标记点;

  • SET TRANSACTION 用来设置事务的隔离级别。InnoDB 存储引擎提供事务的隔离级别有READ UNCOMMITTED、READ COMMITTED、REPEATABLE READ 和 SERIALIZABLE。

MYSQL 事务处理主要有两种方法:

1、用 BEGIN, ROLLBACK, COMMIT来实现

  • BEGIN 开始一个事务
  • ROLLBACK 事务回滚
  • COMMIT 事务确认

2、直接用 SET 来改变 MySQL 的自动提交模式:

  • SET AUTOCOMMIT=0 禁止自动提交
  • SET AUTOCOMMIT=1 开启自动提交

数据库事务操作实例:

mysql> select * from stu;
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
| id   | username | math | english | chinese |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
|    1 | steven   |  100 |     100 |      99 |
|    2 | henry    |   60 |      60 |      60 |
|    3 | lucky    |   90 |      90 |      90 |
|    4 | eric     |   99 |      88 |    NULL |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+


mysql> begin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into stu values(5,'darren',98,99,90);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu;
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
| id   | username | math | english | chinese |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
|    1 | steven   |  100 |     100 |      99 |
|    2 | henry    |   60 |      60 |      60 |
|    3 | lucky    |   90 |      90 |      90 |
|    4 | eric     |   99 |      88 |    NULL |
|    5 | darren   |   98 |      99 |      90 |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 回滚实例:

mysql> begin;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into stu values(5,'toto',98,99,90);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu;
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
| id   | username | math | english | chinese |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
|    1 | steven   |  100 |     100 |      99 |
|    2 | henry    |   60 |      60 |      60 |
|    3 | lucky    |   90 |      90 |      90 |
|    4 | eric     |   99 |      88 |    NULL |
|    5 | darren   |   98 |      99 |      90 |
|    5 | toto     |   98 |      99 |      90 |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> rollback;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from stu;
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
| id   | username | math | english | chinese |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
|    1 | steven   |  100 |     100 |      99 |
|    2 | henry    |   60 |      60 |      60 |
|    3 | lucky    |   90 |      90 |      90 |
|    4 | eric     |   99 |      88 |    NULL |
|    5 | darren   |   98 |      99 |      90 |
+------+----------+------+---------+---------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/sunshine-long/p/12552678.html